{"id":{"repo_id":"alabama","oai_identifier":"oai:ir.ua.edu:123456789/781"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/alabama/oai:ir.ua.edu:123456789/781","repository":{"repo_id":"alabama","name":"University of Alabama","base_url":"https://ir-api.ua.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Slumming and the 19th century geographical imagination","abstract":"The act of slumming helped define and partition the 19th century US city. Intimately connected with slumming was its representation in prose works. By writing about slumming, or going slumming themselves, 19th century US writers contributed to the development of a geographical imagination, or a knowledge of territories based on how they were used or experienced by different social classes. In most cases, this geographical imagination reinforced the physical and ideological partitions that already existed between various classes and ethnic groups. Works by popular writers like Osgood Bradbury, and canonical novelists like William Dean Howells, Stephen Crane and Frank Norris, reinforced middle-class and bourgeois conceptions of urban social space. The degrees to which existing social space was maintained, and the processes by which it was maintained, depended on the particular geographical features of the cities themselves and available representational strategies.","abstract_html":"The act of slumming helped define and partition the 19th century US city. Intimately connected with slumming was its representation in prose works. By writing about slumming, or going slumming themselves, 19th century US writers contributed to the development of a geographical imagination, or a knowledge of territories based on how they were used or experienced by different social classes. In most cases, this geographical imagination reinforced the physical and ideological partitions that already existed between various classes and ethnic groups. Works by popular writers like Osgood Bradbury, and canonical novelists like William Dean Howells, Stephen Crane and Frank Norris, reinforced middle-class and bourgeois conceptions of urban social space. The degrees to which existing social space was maintained, and the processes by which it was maintained, depended on the particular geographical features of the cities themselves and available representational strategies.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Toweill, James Matthew"],"institution":"University of Alabama Libraries","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["O'Dair, Sharon","Morgan, Stacy I.","Wittman, Emily Ondine"],"advisors":["Whiting, Frederick"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2010,"date_issued":"2010","date_published":"2010","updated_at":"2026-07-27T18:44:10Z","subjects":["American literature","Geography"],"languages":["en_US","English"],"rights":["All rights reserved by the author unless otherwise indicated."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["u0015_0000001_0000275","Toweill_alatus_0004M_10353"],"render_values":[{"text":"u0015_0000001_0000275","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"Toweill_alatus_0004M_10353","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/781","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["O'Dair, Sharon","Morgan, Stacy I.","Wittman, Emily Ondine"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Whiting, Frederick"]},{"key":"dc:contributor.other","label":"Dc Contributor Other","values":["University of Alabama Tuscaloosa"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Toweill, James Matthew"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2017-02-28T22:26:32Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2017-02-28T22:26:32Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2010"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["University of Alabama Libraries"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["thesis","text"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["American literature","Geography"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en_US"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["All rights reserved by the author unless otherwise indicated."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["u0015_0000001_0000275","Toweill_alatus_0004M_10353"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://ir.ua.edu/handle/123456789/781"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The act of slumming helped define and partition the 19th century US city. Intimately connected with slumming was its representation in prose works. By writing about slumming, or going slumming themselves, 19th century US writers contributed to the development of a geographical imagination, or a knowledge of territories based on how they were used or experienced by different social classes. In most cases, this geographical imagination reinforced the physical and ideological partitions that already existed between various classes and ethnic groups. Works by popular writers like Osgood Bradbury, and canonical novelists like William Dean Howells, Stephen Crane and Frank Norris, reinforced middle-class and bourgeois conceptions of urban social space. 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Intimately connected with slumming was its representation in prose works. By writing about slumming, or going slumming themselves, 19th century US writers contributed to the development of a geographical imagination, or a knowledge of territories based on how they were used or experienced by different social classes. In most cases, this geographical imagination reinforced the physical and ideological partitions that already existed between various classes and ethnic groups. Works by popular writers like Osgood Bradbury, and canonical novelists like William Dean Howells, Stephen Crane and Frank Norris, reinforced middle-class and bourgeois conceptions of urban social space. 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