{"id":{"repo_id":"adelaide","oai_identifier":"oai:digital.library.adelaide.edu.au:2440/122294"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/adelaide/oai:digital.library.adelaide.edu.au:2440/122294","repository":{"repo_id":"adelaide","name":"University of Adelaide","base_url":"https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Assessing Nutrition as a Mediator between Oral and General Health","abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the association of oral health on general health and whether food intake mediates the relationship. Method: Data were collected in 2004–06 in a representative sample of Australian adults from NSW and Queensland, using a three-stage, stratified clustered sample, involving a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI), followed by an oral examination, mailed questionnaire and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Self-rated general health was the outcome, and self-rated oral health, periodontal status, oral health impact (OHIP) and missing-teeth were explanatory variables, and food groups (dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits) were mediators. Age, gender, smoking-status, brushing-habits, diabetes, alcohol-consumption and social-support were the control variables. For mediation analysis Baron and Kenny’s mediation analysis was initially performed, followed by Sobel’s test. Lastly bootstrapping for standard-error and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were conducted to assess the consistency of the mediation model. Result: A total of n =14,123 adults responded to the CATI (49% response rate), and n =5505 were examined. In the nutrition sub-study, a total of n = 1218 persons were approached, with n =1129 responding (92.7% response rate). Among them, there were 752 respondents who were aged 45 years or more. From multivariate linear regression analysis, It has been found that adults with better self-rated dental health rated their general health better (β=0.408, p<0.001). Worse oral health was associated with worse general health (for OHIP and missing-teeth, β= -0.027 and -0.01, p<0.001). Adults with none/mild and moderate periodontal problems compared to severe problems rated their general health better (β1=0.13, p<0.001 and β2=0.09, p<0.001). Baron and Kenny, and Sobel tests showed the associations between oral health (OHIP and missing-teeth) were partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p<0.001). The associations between periodontal status and self- rated general health were partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p<0.05). The association between self-rated dental health and general health was partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p<0.01). For all four explanatory variables, periodontitis, number of missing-teeth, OHIP-score and self-rated dental health, Bootstrap results showed zero in the bias-corrected confidence intervals for mediators, indicative of no mediation. SEM analysis for mediation between periodontal status and general health showed p= 0.76, p=0.045, p=0.050, p=0.015, p=0.73, p=0.42 and p= 0.30 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits. SEM analysis for mediation showed p= 0.95, p=0.34, p=0.44, p=0.40; p= 0.04 and p=0.58 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits respectively for OHIP and p>0.05 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits for missing-teeth. SEM analysis for mediation between self-rated dental and general health showed p>0.05 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits. Conclusion: SEM indicated the association between periodontitis and self-rated general health was partially mediated by bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs and sweet-snacks. But the association between self-rated dental health, OHIP-Score or number of missing-teeth and self- rated general health was not mediated by any of these food items.","abstract_html":"Objective: To evaluate the association of oral health on general health and whether food intake mediates the relationship. Method: Data were collected in 2004–06 in a representative sample of Australian adults from NSW and Queensland, using a three-stage, stratified clustered sample, involving a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI), followed by an oral examination, mailed questionnaire and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Self-rated general health was the outcome, and self-rated oral health, periodontal status, oral health impact (OHIP) and missing-teeth were explanatory variables, and food groups (dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits) were mediators. Age, gender, smoking-status, brushing-habits, diabetes, alcohol-consumption and social-support were the control variables. For mediation analysis Baron and Kenny’s mediation analysis was initially performed, followed by Sobel’s test. Lastly bootstrapping for standard-error and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were conducted to assess the consistency of the mediation model. Result: A total of n =14,123 adults responded to the CATI (49% response rate), and n =5505 were examined. In the nutrition sub-study, a total of n = 1218 persons were approached, with n =1129 responding (92.7% response rate). Among them, there were 752 respondents who were aged 45 years or more. From multivariate linear regression analysis, It has been found that adults with better self-rated dental health rated their general health better (β=0.408, p&lt;0.001). Worse oral health was associated with worse general health (for OHIP and missing-teeth, β= -0.027 and -0.01, p&lt;0.001). Adults with none/mild and moderate periodontal problems compared to severe problems rated their general health better (β1=0.13, p&lt;0.001 and β2=0.09, p&lt;0.001). Baron and Kenny, and Sobel tests showed the associations between oral health (OHIP and missing-teeth) were partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p&lt;0.001). The associations between periodontal status and self- rated general health were partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p&lt;0.05). The association between self-rated dental health and general health was partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p&lt;0.01). For all four explanatory variables, periodontitis, number of missing-teeth, OHIP-score and self-rated dental health, Bootstrap results showed zero in the bias-corrected confidence intervals for mediators, indicative of no mediation. SEM analysis for mediation between periodontal status and general health showed p= 0.76, p=0.045, p=0.050, p=0.015, p=0.73, p=0.42 and p= 0.30 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits. SEM analysis for mediation showed p= 0.95, p=0.34, p=0.44, p=0.40; p= 0.04 and p=0.58 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits respectively for OHIP and p&gt;0.05 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits for missing-teeth. SEM analysis for mediation between self-rated dental and general health showed p&gt;0.05 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits. Conclusion: SEM indicated the association between periodontitis and self-rated general health was partially mediated by bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs and sweet-snacks. But the association between self-rated dental health, OHIP-Score or number of missing-teeth and self- rated general health was not mediated by any of these food items.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Islam, Saima"],"institution":null,"degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Brennan, David S."],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2018,"date_issued":"2018","date_published":"2018","updated_at":"2026-07-24T00:50:36Z","subjects":["Oral health","General health","Nutrition, Mediation analysis","Mediation analysis","Structural Equation Modelling (SME)"],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122294","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Brennan, David S."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Islam, Saima"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2018"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Oral health","General health","Nutrition, Mediation analysis","Mediation analysis","Structural Equation Modelling (SME)"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122294"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Objective: To evaluate the association of oral health on general health and whether food intake mediates the relationship. Method: Data were collected in 2004–06 in a representative sample of Australian adults from NSW and Queensland, using a three-stage, stratified clustered sample, involving a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI), followed by an oral examination, mailed questionnaire and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Self-rated general health was the outcome, and self-rated oral health, periodontal status, oral health impact (OHIP) and missing-teeth were explanatory variables, and food groups (dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits) were mediators. Age, gender, smoking-status, brushing-habits, diabetes, alcohol-consumption and social-support were the control variables. For mediation analysis Baron and Kenny’s mediation analysis was initially performed, followed by Sobel’s test. Lastly bootstrapping for standard-error and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were conducted to assess the consistency of the mediation model. Result: A total of n =14,123 adults responded to the CATI (49% response rate), and n =5505 were examined. In the nutrition sub-study, a total of n = 1218 persons were approached, with n =1129 responding (92.7% response rate). Among them, there were 752 respondents who were aged 45 years or more. From multivariate linear regression analysis, It has been found that adults with better self-rated dental health rated their general health better (β=0.408, p<0.001). Worse oral health was associated with worse general health (for OHIP and missing-teeth, β= -0.027 and -0.01, p<0.001). Adults with none/mild and moderate periodontal problems compared to severe problems rated their general health better (β1=0.13, p<0.001 and β2=0.09, p<0.001). Baron and Kenny, and Sobel tests showed the associations between oral health (OHIP and missing-teeth) were partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p<0.001). The associations between periodontal status and self- rated general health were partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p<0.05). The association between self-rated dental health and general health was partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p<0.01). For all four explanatory variables, periodontitis, number of missing-teeth, OHIP-score and self-rated dental health, Bootstrap results showed zero in the bias-corrected confidence intervals for mediators, indicative of no mediation. SEM analysis for mediation between periodontal status and general health showed p= 0.76, p=0.045, p=0.050, p=0.015, p=0.73, p=0.42 and p= 0.30 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits. SEM analysis for mediation showed p= 0.95, p=0.34, p=0.44, p=0.40; p= 0.04 and p=0.58 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits respectively for OHIP and p>0.05 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits for missing-teeth. SEM analysis for mediation between self-rated dental and general health showed p>0.05 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits. Conclusion: SEM indicated the association between periodontitis and self-rated general health was partially mediated by bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs and sweet-snacks. But the association between self-rated dental health, OHIP-Score or number of missing-teeth and self- rated general health was not mediated by any of these food items."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Assessing Nutrition as a Mediator between Oral and General Health"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Brennan, David S."],"dc:creator":["Islam, Saima"],"dc:date.issued":["2018"],"dc:description.abstract":["Objective: To evaluate the association of oral health on general health and whether food intake mediates the relationship. Method: Data were collected in 2004–06 in a representative sample of Australian adults from NSW and Queensland, using a three-stage, stratified clustered sample, involving a computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI), followed by an oral examination, mailed questionnaire and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Self-rated general health was the outcome, and self-rated oral health, periodontal status, oral health impact (OHIP) and missing-teeth were explanatory variables, and food groups (dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits) were mediators. Age, gender, smoking-status, brushing-habits, diabetes, alcohol-consumption and social-support were the control variables. For mediation analysis Baron and Kenny’s mediation analysis was initially performed, followed by Sobel’s test. Lastly bootstrapping for standard-error and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were conducted to assess the consistency of the mediation model. Result: A total of n =14,123 adults responded to the CATI (49% response rate), and n =5505 were examined. In the nutrition sub-study, a total of n = 1218 persons were approached, with n =1129 responding (92.7% response rate). Among them, there were 752 respondents who were aged 45 years or more. From multivariate linear regression analysis, It has been found that adults with better self-rated dental health rated their general health better (β=0.408, p<0.001). Worse oral health was associated with worse general health (for OHIP and missing-teeth, β= -0.027 and -0.01, p<0.001). Adults with none/mild and moderate periodontal problems compared to severe problems rated their general health better (β1=0.13, p<0.001 and β2=0.09, p<0.001). Baron and Kenny, and Sobel tests showed the associations between oral health (OHIP and missing-teeth) were partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p<0.001). The associations between periodontal status and self- rated general health were partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p<0.05). The association between self-rated dental health and general health was partially mediated by food intake (Sobel test: for all mediators, p<0.01). For all four explanatory variables, periodontitis, number of missing-teeth, OHIP-score and self-rated dental health, Bootstrap results showed zero in the bias-corrected confidence intervals for mediators, indicative of no mediation. SEM analysis for mediation between periodontal status and general health showed p= 0.76, p=0.045, p=0.050, p=0.015, p=0.73, p=0.42 and p= 0.30 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits. SEM analysis for mediation showed p= 0.95, p=0.34, p=0.44, p=0.40; p= 0.04 and p=0.58 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits respectively for OHIP and p>0.05 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits for missing-teeth. SEM analysis for mediation between self-rated dental and general health showed p>0.05 for dairy, bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs, sweet foods-snacks, mixed-vegetables, vegetables and fruits. Conclusion: SEM indicated the association between periodontitis and self-rated general health was partially mediated by bread-cereal, meat-fish-eggs and sweet-snacks. But the association between self-rated dental health, OHIP-Score or number of missing-teeth and self- rated general health was not mediated by any of these food items."],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122294"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:subject":["Oral health","General health","Nutrition, Mediation analysis","Mediation analysis","Structural Equation Modelling (SME)"],"dc:title":["Assessing Nutrition as a Mediator between Oral and General Health"],"dc:type":["Thesis"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T00:50:36Z"}