Job satisfaction and employees' turnover in Libyan oil companies: the application of the job characteristics model in a different cultural setting
The Job Characteristics Model is widely accepted as a conceptual tool for addressing problems related to employees‟ motivation, dissatisfaction and organisational performance. Therefore, this study attempts to apply Hackman and Oldham Job Characteristics Model (JCM) by among the five core dimensions of autonomy, skill variety, task identity, task significance and feedback and job satisfaction and employees‟ turnover in the Libyan oil companies located in Benghazi city. Also, to explore the current situation of organisational determinants of job satisfaction in the Libyan oil companies and to investigate its correlation with employees‟ job satisfaction. These factors (pay/rewards, supervision, promotion opportunity, relationship with co-workers and work conditions) are tested empirically in the companies studied. A total of 400 questionnaires were collected and 20 interviews were conducted in four oil companies. The main findings of the study confirm the positive correlations among the five core dimensions of the JCM and job satisfaction. Also, organisational factors were found to influence employees‟ job satisfaction as the employees were satisfied with their pay/rewards, supervision, promotion opportunity, relationship with co-workers and working conditions. Moreover, employees have shown more concern for factors such as job security and change in the social status. Also, it was found that employees‟ turnover increased in relation to security and social factors such as the absence of safety and security in the oil fields after the Libyan uprising, especially those oil fields located in the Eastern region. It was also found that the correlations among job satisfaction and employees‟ turnover was negative and the correlation among the five core dimensions of the JCM model and employees‟ turnover were negative too. The study makes a significant contribution to knowledge in theory and practice. Among such contributions are identification of gaps in the literature on job satisfaction and the core dimension of job characteristics model. Also, the study contributes to the redesign of jobs and working relationships in the Libyan oil companies.
Job characteristics model, Job satisfaction
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