Risikobewertung von gentechnisch verändertem Mais im Hinblick auf ausgewählte Schmetterlinge der Agarlandschaft
type: CreativeWork
description: The cultivation of genetically engineered maize expressing lepidopteran-specific Bt proteins poses a potential risk for non-target butterflies. For a comprehensive environmental risk assessment (ERA) both hazard and exposure have to be considered. To assess hazard it is essential to determine the toxicity of the Bt proteins contained in maize pollen. To estimate exposure the dispersion of maize pollen by wind and its deposition on the host plants of non-target butterfly larvae have to be measured. Furthermore, data on the occurrence of larvae in the field during the time of maize anthesis are required. The aim of this work was to conduct an ERA for two selected European non-target butterfly species, Aglais urticae and Inachis io, and the stacked Bt maize DKc 5143-Bt (MON89034 x MON88017), expressing the lepidopteran-specific Cry proteins Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2, and the coleopteran-active Cry3Bb1. In addition, methods for a post-market environmental monitoring (PMEM) were developed and assessed. In laboratory feeding studies larvae were fed leaf discs of their host plant Urtica dioica treated with different amounts of pollen of the Bt maize. Pollen of the near-isogenic line DKc 5143 and the conventional line Benicia, and pure water served as controls. To quantify the exposure of larvae the pollen density on U. dioica leaves was assessed in different distances and all directions around a maize field. In addition, butterfly nests were mapped in two different agrarian regions during maize anthesis with emphasis on the distances of nests to maize fields. The feeding studies with A. urticae showed first significant differences between the Bt treated group and the control groups at pollen doses between 200 and 400 grains/cm2 for feeding activity, developmental time and mortality. No effects on I. io were observed at the tested pollen densities. The pollen density found on U. dioica leaves was 34 grains/cm2 on average (max.=212 grains/cm2) directly at the maize field margin.…
abstract: The cultivation of genetically engineered maize expressing lepidopteran-specific Bt proteins poses a potential risk for non-target butterflies. For a comprehensive environmental risk assessment (ERA) both hazard and exposure have to be considered. To assess hazard it is essential to determine the toxicity of the Bt proteins contained in maize pollen. To estimate exposure the dispersion of maize pollen by wind and its deposition on the host plants of non-target butterfly larvae have to be measured. Furthermore, data on the occurrence of larvae in the field during the time of maize anthesis are required. The aim of this work was to conduct an ERA for two selected European non-target butterfly species, Aglais urticae and Inachis io, and the stacked Bt maize DKc 5143-Bt (MON89034 x MON88017), expressing the lepidopteran-specific Cry proteins Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2, and the coleopteran-active Cry3Bb1. In addition, methods for a post-market environmental monitoring (PMEM) were developed and assessed. In laboratory feeding studies larvae were fed leaf discs of their host plant Urtica dioica treated with different amounts of pollen of the Bt maize. Pollen of the near-isogenic line DKc 5143 and the conventional line Benicia, and pure water served as controls. To quantify the exposure of larvae the pollen density on U. dioica leaves was assessed in different distances and all directions around a maize field. In addition, butterfly nests were mapped in two different agrarian regions during maize anthesis with emphasis on the distances of nests to maize fields. The feeding studies with A. urticae showed first significant differences between the Bt treated group and the control groups at pollen doses between 200 and 400 grains/cm2 for feeding activity, developmental time and mortality. No effects on I. io were observed at the tested pollen densities. The pollen density found on U. dioica leaves was 34 grains/cm2 on average (max.=212 grains/cm2) directly at the maize field margin.…
author: Schuppener, Mechthild
language: ger
keywords: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/570, Biologische Sicherheit, Kleiner Fuchs, Tagpfauenauge, Transgene Pflanzen, Gentechnisch veränderter Organismus, Bt-Mais, Risikoanalyse, Agrarlandschaft, Mais, Biowissenschaften, Biologie, Nichtziel-Organismen, environmental risk assessment, non-target organism, stacked Bt-maize, Aglais urticae, Inachis io
date published: 2011
date modified: 2026-07-30T19:43:35Z
provider: RWTH Aachen University
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University