Intelligenz, Persönlichkeit und die mediierende Wirkung von Itembearbeitungszeiten
Assessment of cognitive abilities is normally based on performance on intelligence test items only. With the increasing use of computer based testing, psychological research becomes more and more interested in the meaning of response latencies in various test settings as a process oriented measure of personality. The investigation of timing behavior has a long tradition and people’s intellectual ability is one widely examined predictor of these response time differences. Unclear, however, is the association of basic personality dimensions to timing behavior and the corresponding cognitive ability. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of basic personality dimensions on individual timing behavior. Therefore, reasoning ability, timing behavior in the used intelligence test and a detailed personality profile of 101 German high school and university students (70 females) aged from 16 to 53 years were administered in a computer-based testing environment. Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices were given as a power test, i.e. there was no default time limit. Results indicate that response latencies – as a new psychological parameter – could be embedded into the complex consisting of mental speed, intelligence and personality. It is shown that the correlations between extraversion and intelligence as well as state-anxiety and intelligence are to a substantial amount mediated by timing behavior of the tested person. Both, extraverted and state-anxious individuals are characterized by a rapid and superficial working style, which decreases their performance in a challenging cognitive ability test. Due to these findings the competency of high anxious or high extraverted individuals might be underestimated if only performance is recorded. Response latencies are declared as a useful indicator for enhancing the quality of psychological tests. For further clarifications of the gained results an experimental design is discussed, which would support the conclusions drawn within this cross-sectional approach on the one hand, and help to generate new approaches for the research on individual timing behavior on the other hand.
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/150, Psychologie, Intelligenz, Intelligenzdiagnostik, Extraversion, Testangst, Response-Zeit, intelligence, test anxiety, response latency
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