Untersuchung zur Bedeutung der sozialen Unterstützung und spezielle Bewältigungsfaktoren bei posttraumatischer Belastungsstörung nach akuter Traumatisierung
We examined 111 inpatients with burn injuries (n=28), other surgical traumata (n=37) and tumours (46) of the department Plastic Surgery, Hand and Burn Surgery of the RWTH Aachen University with regard to a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Six days after admission (T1) and four months later (T2) we employed the ‘Impact of Event Scale’ (IES), the ‘Aachen Questionnaire of Trauma Coping’ (AFT), the ‘Questionnaire of Disease Coping’ (FKV), and the ‘Questionnaire of Social Support’ (F-SOZU) with the following results: Women suffered more often from a PTSD than men (T1: 48.6% vs. 31.6; T2: 51.5% vs. 26.4%), but gender and the kind of trauma did not influence the prognosis. Patients with a PTSD already demonstrated a higher social strain and a lower social support upon admission. Catamnestically, the posttraumatic stress symptoms worsened in tumour patients while the cognitive-emotional stress decreased. In contrast, the cognitive-emotional stress increased in burn victims further on. Independent from the kind of trauma, the tendency towards depressive coping declined with rising perceived social support and decreasing social stress. Catamnestically, in particular tumour patients exposed a tendency towards depressive coping and coping strategies such as religiousness and quest of meaning. Additionally, burn victims showed less active coping.Women perceived less social support and tended to depressive coping as compared to men. In the first four months after the trauma, efforts of coping by deflection/self setup or religiousness/quest of meaning decreased in women. In conclusion, our results show that social support plays a crucial role in coping with traumata. Therefore it appears meaningful to elicit the individual social network of the patient as early as possible (preferably upon admission) in primary care and to offer professional help if the patient’s social support appears to be insufficient.
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/610, Medizin, Bewältigung, Posttraumatisches Stresssyndrom, Posttraumatisches Stresssyndrom nach akuter Traumatisierung, social support, posttraumatic stress disorder, special coping factors
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