{"id":{"repo_id":"aachen","oai_identifier":"oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:61437"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/aachen/oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:61437","repository":{"repo_id":"aachen","name":"RWTH Aachen University","base_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/oai2d"},"display":{"title":"Strip with gradient properties by annealing in reactive atmospheres","abstract":"Interstitial Free (IF) steels have excellent deep drawing capabilities and non-ageing properties. These steel grades still have some disadvantages such as a generally weak mechanical strength and high reactivity in the grain boundaries during galvannealing, which produces brittle Fe-Zn-intermetallic compounds. Furthermore the resistance to secondary work embrittlement is rather low due to the absence of soluble interstitials in grain boundaries. A good remedy is the insertion of a defined amount of carbon into the surface after recrystallization started. The possibilities and limits of a change in surface properties of Ti-IF sheet steel by a short time annealing in reactive atmospheres (CO, H2, N2) were evaluated: The introduction of carbon interstitials during continuous annealing increases mechanical strength associated with bake hardening and moderate age hardening and a good formability. However, to achieve fully recrystallized grains with a favourable (111)-texture the carburizing treatment should start after new grains have nucleated. A short carburizing treatment during continuous annealing can significantly improve the resistance of Ti-IF and P-Ti/Nb-IF steel against secondary work embrittlement (SWE). The r-value was slightly influenced by the added carbon atoms, the r-values were in the range between 3 and 2. The higher the carbon potential of a carburizing atmosphere, the higher is the carbon pickup. This could lead to the formation of an austenite layer which has a much higher solubility for carbon than the ferrite.","abstract_html":"Interstitial Free (IF) steels have excellent deep drawing capabilities and non-ageing properties. These steel grades still have some disadvantages such as a generally weak mechanical strength and high reactivity in the grain boundaries during galvannealing, which produces brittle Fe-Zn-intermetallic compounds. Furthermore the resistance to secondary work embrittlement is rather low due to the absence of soluble interstitials in grain boundaries. A good remedy is the insertion of a defined amount of carbon into the surface after recrystallization started. The possibilities and limits of a change in surface properties of Ti-IF sheet steel by a short time annealing in reactive atmospheres (CO, H2, N2) were evaluated: The introduction of carbon interstitials during continuous annealing increases mechanical strength associated with bake hardening and moderate age hardening and a good formability. However, to achieve fully recrystallized grains with a favourable (111)-texture the carburizing treatment should start after new grains have nucleated. A short carburizing treatment during continuous annealing can significantly improve the resistance of Ti-IF and P-Ti/Nb-IF steel against secondary work embrittlement (SWE). The r-value was slightly influenced by the added carbon atoms, the r-values were in the range between 3 and 2. The higher the carbon potential of a carburizing atmosphere, the higher is the carbon pickup. This could lead to the formation of an austenite layer which has a much higher solubility for carbon than the ferrite.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Ahrens, Michael Kurt"],"institution":"Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Bleck, Wolfgang"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2000,"date_issued":"2000","date_published":"2000","updated_at":"2026-07-30T19:43:10Z","subjects":["info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/660","Technische Chemie","IF-Stahl","Mikrolegierter Stahl","Titan","Einsatzhärten","Mechanische Eigenschaft"],"languages":["eng"],"rights":["info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-123100%22"],"render_values":[{"text":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-123100%22","href":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-123100%22","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/61437","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Bleck, Wolfgang"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Ahrens, Michael Kurt"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:coverage","label":"Dc Coverage","values":["DE"]},{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2000"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University"]},{"key":"dc:relation","label":"Dc Relation","values":["info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:de:hbz:82-opus-1045"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis","info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/660","Technische Chemie","IF-Stahl","Mikrolegierter Stahl","Titan","Einsatzhärten","Mechanische Eigenschaft"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/61437","https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-123100%22"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Interstitial Free (IF) steels have excellent deep drawing capabilities and non-ageing properties. These steel grades still have some disadvantages such as a generally weak mechanical strength and high reactivity in the grain boundaries during galvannealing, which produces brittle Fe-Zn-intermetallic compounds. Furthermore the resistance to secondary work embrittlement is rather low due to the absence of soluble interstitials in grain boundaries. A good remedy is the insertion of a defined amount of carbon into the surface after recrystallization started. The possibilities and limits of a change in surface properties of Ti-IF sheet steel by a short time annealing in reactive atmospheres (CO, H2, N2) were evaluated: The introduction of carbon interstitials during continuous annealing increases mechanical strength associated with bake hardening and moderate age hardening and a good formability. However, to achieve fully recrystallized grains with a favourable (111)-texture the carburizing treatment should start after new grains have nucleated. A short carburizing treatment during continuous annealing can significantly improve the resistance of Ti-IF and P-Ti/Nb-IF steel against secondary work embrittlement (SWE). The r-value was slightly influenced by the added carbon atoms, the r-values were in the range between 3 and 2. The higher the carbon potential of a carburizing atmosphere, the higher is the carbon pickup. This could lead to the formation of an austenite layer which has a much higher solubility for carbon than the ferrite."]},{"key":"dc:source","label":"Dc Source","values":["Aachen : Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University Getr. Zählung : Ill., graph. Darst. (2000). = Aachen, Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2000"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Strip with gradient properties by annealing in reactive atmospheres"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Bleck, Wolfgang"],"dc:coverage":["DE"],"dc:creator":["Ahrens, Michael Kurt"],"dc:date":["2000"],"dc:description":["Interstitial Free (IF) steels have excellent deep drawing capabilities and non-ageing properties. These steel grades still have some disadvantages such as a generally weak mechanical strength and high reactivity in the grain boundaries during galvannealing, which produces brittle Fe-Zn-intermetallic compounds. Furthermore the resistance to secondary work embrittlement is rather low due to the absence of soluble interstitials in grain boundaries. A good remedy is the insertion of a defined amount of carbon into the surface after recrystallization started. The possibilities and limits of a change in surface properties of Ti-IF sheet steel by a short time annealing in reactive atmospheres (CO, H2, N2) were evaluated: The introduction of carbon interstitials during continuous annealing increases mechanical strength associated with bake hardening and moderate age hardening and a good formability. However, to achieve fully recrystallized grains with a favourable (111)-texture the carburizing treatment should start after new grains have nucleated. A short carburizing treatment during continuous annealing can significantly improve the resistance of Ti-IF and P-Ti/Nb-IF steel against secondary work embrittlement (SWE). The r-value was slightly influenced by the added carbon atoms, the r-values were in the range between 3 and 2. The higher the carbon potential of a carburizing atmosphere, the higher is the carbon pickup. This could lead to the formation of an austenite layer which has a much higher solubility for carbon than the ferrite."],"dc:identifier":["https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/61437","https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-123100%22"],"dc:language":["eng"],"dc:publisher":["Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University"],"dc:relation":["info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:de:hbz:82-opus-1045"],"dc:rights":["info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess"],"dc:source":["Aachen : Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University Getr. Zählung : Ill., graph. Darst. (2000). = Aachen, Techn. 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