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Showing 1 to 20 of 75 for “"water desalination"”.
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Molybdenum disulfide nanoporous membranes for water desalination
… disulfide (MoS2) as a nano porous membrane for water desalination. By performing extensive molecular dynamics simulations, we find that a nanopore in a single-layer MoS2 can effectively reject salt ions and allow transport of water at a high rate. More than 88% of ions are rejected by membranes …
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Assessing graphene oxide for water desalination applications
Water desalination plays a critical role in augmenting the fresh water supplies for water scarce regions. However, despite considerable improvements in system efficiencies, it still remains six to ten times more expensive than treating freshwater for drinking. As a result, the construction and …
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Nanoporous graphene as a water desalination membrane
Desalination is one of the most promising approaches to supply new fresh water in the face of growing water issues. However, commercial reverse osmosis (RO) techniques still suffer from important drawbacks. In order for desalination to live up to the water challenges of this century, a step-change …
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Water desalination and purification using renewable energy technologies
Water is an essential element of life as well as an integral cornerstone of any civilizations economic development. Although taken for granted by most living in developed nations, access to clean drinking water still proves to be a daily struggle for more than 1.2 billion individuals around the …
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A solar‐driven membrane‐based water desalination/purification system
Lack of fresh water has turned into one of the major challenges of the world in the present century. Desalination of brackish or seawater has been proven to be one of the best solutions to cope with this global challenge. Among all the desalination methods, Membrane Distillation (MD) is well known …
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Carbon-based electric double layer capacitors for water desalination
In capacitive deionization (CDI), salt water is passed through two polarized electrodes, whereby salt is adsorbed onto the electrode surface and removed from the water stream. This approach has received renewed interest for water desalination due to the development of new high-surface area, …
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Vertically-aligned carbon nanotube membranes for water desalination and ultrafiltration
Even though the earth is 70% covered with water, there is a severe shortage of fresh water. Modern water filtration techniques includes Reverse Osmosis (RO), Forward Osmosis (FO), and Solar Distillation etc. Due to its high separation performance and comparatively low prices, membrane technology is …
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Carbon-nanotube-based membranes for water desalination by membrane distillation
… The permeation and adsorption of gas and water vapor, as well as the membranes’ performance in desalination by direct contact membrane distillation, were tested and compared with polymeric benchmarks.
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Functionalized carbon nanotube thin-film nanocomposite membranes for water desalination applications
Cost-effective purification and desalination of water is a global challenge. Reverse osmosis (RO), the current method of choice, requires high pressure drops across the membranes in order to achieve acceptably high flow rates. Conventional polymer membranes are limited in their performance by a …
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Modification of polyamide thin film composite reverse osmosis membrane for water desalination
… particles play substantial role in improving water permeability without creating defects in cross-linking of polyamide layer. The best performing quantum composite membrane exhibited better performance in term of water flux and salt rejection when compared to that of nanocomposite and …
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Design of cost-optimized village-scale electrodialysis systems for brackish water desalination
… of reducing the cost of electrodialysis brackish water desalination systems, specifically for use in rural India, where 60% of the groundwater is too saline to drink. Convergence of socioeconomic and technical factors led to the insight that photovoltaic (PV) powered electrodialysis (ED) has the …
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Investigating the adsorption and transport of water in MFI zeolite pores for water desalination
… is limited by the diffusive transport of water across a non-porous polyamide active layer. Alternatively, fabricating a microporous active layer capable of rejecting salt ions while allowing for water transport would increase the permeability while maintaining high salt rejection. Zeolites …
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Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Pol(arylene ethers) for Gas Separation and Water Desalination Membranes
… to improve the efficiency of gas separation and water desalination membranes. This class of polymers includes polymers such as poly(arylene ether sulfone), poly(arylene ether ketone) and poly(phenylene oxide) which offer excellent thermal and mechanical stability and usually have high enough …
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Synthesis, Characterization and Structure - Property Relationships of Post - sulfonated Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Membranes for Water Desalination
Clean water is critical to the safety, security and survivability of humankind. Nearly 41% of the Earth's population lives in water-stressed areas, and water scarcity will be exacerbated by an increasing population. Over 96% of the total water is saline and only 0.8% is accessible fresh water. …
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Novel configuration of a hybrid sustainable water desalination system (RO-HDH) power by solar energy. Modeling and exergy analysis
La falta de acceso al agua potable es un problema en muchas regiones del planeta. Existe una creciente crisis en todo el mundo debido al rápido agotamiento de las fuentes de agua dulce, incluidos los ríos y las aguas subterráneas. A medida que crezca la población mundial, mejore el nivel de vida de …
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Design of a small-scale and off-grid water desalination system using solar thermal heating and mechanical vapor compression
Water scarcity affects a large group of people across the globe. It diminishes their quality of life and economic activity. Most existing solutions for cheap water desalination are not suitable for small-scale applications, and they also generally require infrastructure such as power and plumbing. …
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Design, development, and field-testing of a cost-optimized village-scale, photovoltaic-powered, electrodialysis reversal water desalination system for rural India
… Currently available village-scale off-grid desalination systems have high capital costs - $11,250 USD compared to $4,500 USD for equivalent grid-connected systems - rendering them prohibitively expensive for cost-constrained communities. Compared to current state-of- the-art PV-powered …
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