Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 53 for “"ventral tegmental area (VTA)"”.
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Ventral Tegmental Area Neuronal Responses to Methylphenidate Correlated to Behavioral Responses of Adolescent and Adult Rats
… effects of the drug on brain development. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is a site of psychostimulant action thought to be involved in behavioral sensitization. The aim of the this study was to first determine if there are differences in neuronal responses between individuals, with respect to …
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Ghrelin, Cannabinoids, and Motivation: Increased Food Motivation on Progressive Ratio Paradigm Through MAGL/FAAH Inhibition in a Rat Model
… ghrelin and endogenous cannabinoids act in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to increase feeding behaviours, through their interaction is not understood. It is hypothesized that ghrelin influences this system by stimulating the release of endocannabinoids from dopamine cells through its receptor, …
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Characterization of genetically distinct neuronal subtypes in the lateral habenula using Cre mouse lines
… and motivation. The LHb projects to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DNR), and is thus involved in both dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways. Recent single-cell transcriptomic profiling of the LHb has revealed that it consists of four neuronal subtypes that are …
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Integration of Homeostatic and Hedonic Brain Centers in the Regulation of Feeding Behaviors
… mediated by the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Furthermore, dysfunction of homeostatic (PVN) and hedonic (NAc, VTA) feeding circuitry is hypothesized to underlie pathological overconsumption of high-fat food. This dissertation aimed to elucidate the interconnected …
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Electrical stimulation of reward sites in the ventral tegmental area of the rat increases dopamine transmission in the nucleus accumbens as measured by in vivo microdialysis
… of electrical brain-stimulation at sites in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) that supported intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS). In the first experiment, both ICSS and yoked-stimulation of the VTA evoked significant increases in extracellular concentrations of DA, its metabolites, and …
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EFFECTS OF OPTOGENETIC ACTIVATION AND PHARMACOLOGICAL MODULATION OF DOPAMINE NEURONS
… of mesolimbic dopamine (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Light-induced activation of DA neurons in the VTA in male rats produced a significant increase in total distance traveled in an open field and body temperature. Animals treated with amphetamine, a dopamine releaser, …
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Brain circuits for the representation of subjective reward value
… Furthermore, pharmacological silencing of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) disrupts reward-tracking behavior and increases stimulus-dependent activity in the nucleus accumbens and amygdala. Together these data suggest that ascending and descending pathways combine to produce a signal that …
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Leptin Action on Dopamine Neurons: Biochemical and Behavioral Analysis
… (Lepr) is expressed on dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) provides a link between metabolic state and rewarding behavior. By using a multitude of techniques, the functional roles for Lepr signaling on dopamine neurons have been assessed. By activating Lepr in the VTA via direct …
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Cognitive Neurostimulation: Learning to Volitionally Invigorate Mesolimbic Reward Network Activation
… states that elicit and sustain activation in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the source of dopamine production within the mesolimbic network. Although participants were explicitly trained to increase VTA activation, multiple mesolimbic regions exhibited increased connectivity during and after …
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Fos induction within the ventral tegmental area following infusions of phencyclidine, MK-801, and nomifensine into the core and shell subterritories of the nucleus accumbens septi
… GABAergic output neurons projecting to the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Independent groups of animals were tested to determine whether infusions of PCP, MK-801, or nomifensine directly into the core or shell subterritory of the NAS would induce Fos expression within the VTA. Each rat …
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Study of the Role of the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Termialis D1- and D2-Like Dopamine Receptors in Cocaine Self-Administering Rats
… from the BST to various dopamine rich areas (ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens shell (NAc shell), retrorubral nucleus (RR), periaqueductal gray region (PAG)), BST dopamine receptors are indeed an important part of the highly integrated reward system and thus possess …
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Role of the ventral tegmental area, cannabinoid receptors and GABA neurons in motor activity
… components of brain reward circuits, such as the ventral tegmental area (VTA), may offer important insights into modulation of behaviors associated with drug abuse. The VTA includes DA-containing and GABA-containing neurons which provide important forebrain control over the limbic system. The …
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Contributions of Reward Identity and Time Prediction Errors to Pavlovian Learning
… of larger neural ensembles in a specific area of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). This effect was not specific to DA neurons. The implications of these findings for PE learning models and the brain structures involved are discussed.</p>
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Stimolazione da etanolo del sistema dopaminergico mesolimbico: ruolo dell'acetaldeide
… is self-administred and stimulates the firing of Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) mesolimbic dopaminergic neurones (2,3). Moreover, recent data show that ACD blockade by sequestration with D-penicillamine or by alcohol dehydrogenase competitive inhibition with 4-methylpyrazolean prevent various …
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Neurobehavioral Mechanisms Contributing To Alterations In Food Intake Driven By Caudal Hindbrain Acting Signals
… ICV but also to the NTS and to the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA). The studies presented in chapter 2 investigated the neurobehavioral mechanisms of ghrelin induced intake stimulation in the hindbrain and show that ghrelin increases food intake by attenuating both the neural and …
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Neurofunctional Characterization of the At-Risk Mental State for Psychosis
… task, at-risk individuals showed decreased ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) responses to reward anticipation. In the hippocampus-dependent learning task, at-risk individuals showed deficits in hippocampus-dependent memory, decreased VTA engagement, and …
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Neuronal and Molecular Adaptations of GABA Neurons in the Ventral Tegmental Area to Chronic Alcohol
… and molecular adaptation of GABA neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). GABA neurons are of interest with regards to ethanol intoxication, reinforcement, and dependence due to their widespread distribution and connectivity to mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) neurons implicated in alcohol …
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ETHANOL INHIBITION OF DOPAMINE TRANSMISSION IN ANIMAL MODELS OF ALCOHOL ABUSE LIABILITY
Mesolimbic dopamine neurons, originating in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and projecting to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), have been heavily implicated in the reinforcing and rewarding properties of natural and drug rewards and cues that predict these rewards. Ethanol's effects on dopaminergic …
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EFFECTS OF CHRONIC METHYLPHENIDATE ON DOPAMINE/SEROTONIN INTERACTIONS IN THE MESOLIMBIC DOPAMINE SYSTEM OF THE MOUSE
… particularly in the mesolimbic DA system, an area associated with the rewarding and reinforcing properties of drugs. Thus, our studies focused on the interactions of DA and 5-HT systems at the level of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) following chronic MPH treatment …
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Comparison Of Affective Analgesia And Conditioned Place Preference Following Cholinergic Activation Of
… reward circuitry that originates in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) is postulated to preferentially suppress affective reactions to noxious stimuli (affective analgesia, AA). VTA dopamine neurons are activated via cholinergic inputs, and we have observed that microinjections of the …
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