Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"vancomycin resistance"”.
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Characterization of Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus
… Staphylococcus aureus has developed two distinct vancomycin resistance mechanisms. First, the bacterium is capable of generating a thickened, poorly crosslinked cell wall that creates false targets. These targets cause vancomycin to bind at the periphery of the thickened peptidoglycan, allowing …
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Mechanistic Insights Into Vancomycin Resistance In Clostridioides Difficile
… become more hypervirulent over the last decade. Vancomycin is currently a frontline antibiotic for the treatment of <em>C. difficile</em> infections. Yet, strains of <em>C. difficile</em> are becoming non-susceptible to vancomycin. Emergence of the vancomycin non-susceptible phenotype has led to …
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Threonine Phosphorylation Regulates Two-Component Systems Involved in Cell Wall Metabolism
… IreK and its phosphorylation of the VanB-type vancomycin resistance histidine kinase VanS. My evidence suggests that threonine phosphorylation of IreK is required for full induction of the VanRS regulon genes and subsequently full vancomycin resistance. Together, these projects highlight how …
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Molecular Systematics of the Entomopathogenic Bacteria Bacillus popilliae, Bacillus lentimorbus, and Bacillus sphaericus
… reliable in distinguishing the species than was vancomycin resistance, the latter present only in B. popilliae. The basis for vancomycin resistance in all isolates was investigated using a polymerase chain reaction assay designed to amplify the vanB gene in enterococci. An amplicon was identified …
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Synthesis of D-alanyl-D-alanine dipeptide isosteres and cephalosporin prodrugs
Resistance to vancomycin by enterococci is of great clinical importance. Vancomycin inhibits bacterial growth by binding to terminal D-alanyl-D-alanine linkages in the growing peptidoglycan cell wall. Synthesis of dipeptide isosteres which may be incorporated into the growing cell wall is …
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Characterization of the Factors Associated with SCCmec Mobility in Staphylococcus Aureus
The gene encoding resistance to β-lactam antibiotics in the staphylococci is found on the chromosome in a genomic island designated Staphylococcal Chromosome Cassette mec or SCCmec. In addition to the resistance gene, mecA, SCCmec also contains site specific recombinase genes, ccrAB, that are …
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Daptomycin versus Vancomycin for Empiric Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus among Hospitalized Patients: An Institutional Cost-Breakpoint Analysis
… Daptomycin was shown to be noninferior to vancomycin in a phase III clinical trial; however the study was limited by low rates of MRSA infection and before the emergence of strains with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to perform a cost-breakpoint …
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Effect of wastewater colloids on membrane removal of microconstituent antibiotic resistance genes
Anthropogenically generated antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are considered emerging contaminants, as they are associated with a critical human health challenge, are persist independent of a bacterial host, are subject to transfer between bacteria, and are present at amplified levels in …
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Understanding the Genome-Wide Response of Streptomyces coelicolor to the Glycopeptide Antibiotic Teicoplanin
The glycopeptide antibiotics vancomycin and teicoplanin are clinically important as a second-line therapy to treat nosocomial infections caused by Gram-positive pathogens. Glycopeptide antibiotics universally target the terminal residues, D-Alanyl-D-Alanine on the cell wall peptidoglycan …
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Studies on the Modular Evolution of Genes
… associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). As CompositeSearch does not discern between a fusion event and any other remodelling event, we developed CompositeBLAST to detect novel AMR fusion events. CompositeBLAST was considerably faster and more sensitive than previously …
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Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of the Beetle Pathogens Paenibacillus popilliae and Paenibacillus lentimorbus
… from Mexico, was resistant to the antibiotic vancomycin, a trait characteristic of <I>P. popilliae</I> strains from other geographic areas. As expected, all <I>P. lentimorbus</I> strains were sensitive to vancomycin. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify a portion of a ligase …
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Characterization of D-boroala as a novel Broad-spectrum antibacterial agent targeting D-Ala-D-Ala ligase & designer linkers : model reactions and linear free energy relationships in the reactivity and design of solid-phase linkers
… of modern antibiotics, and the increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria to commonly used antibacterial agents is a major public health concern. During our efforts to develop transition-state analog inhibitors for bacterial cell wall–synthesizing enzymes, we observed that D-boroAlanine …
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Potential of bacteriocin producing bacteria to control VRE infection
Antimicrobial resistance has been a growing and concerning problem over the last decade. It is estimated that antibiotic resistant pathogens cause up to 700,000 deaths each year. The Centre for Disease Control ranks vancomycin resistant enterococci as a serious threat. They estimate that in 2017 …
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Characterization of Metronidazole- and Vancomycin-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Clostridium Difficile
<p><strong>Characterization of Metronidazole- and Vancomycin-Resistant Clinical Isolates of <em>Clostridium difficile</em></strong></p> <p>Chioma Odo, MS.</p> <p>Supervisory Professor: Charles Darkoh, Ph.D.</p> <p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p>The incidence of <em>C. difficile</em> infections …
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Overexpression, purification and ligand interaction studies of intact membrane sensory kinases from enterococci: towards agonist and antagonist screening
… particularly important in controlling antibiotic resistances in enterococci. Enterococci are amongst the most significant agents of nosocomial infections in the UK. The present study involved an investigation of two membrane sensor kinases known to be involved in antibiotic resistance in …
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Library Screening and Focused Multiomics of Antibacterial Action on Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci faecium
Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health threat, and there is an urgent need for new strategies to address this issue. In a gram-positive bacteria, the peptidoglycan layer is thick as compared to gram negatives and is made up of peptide like polysaccharide chains. This peptidoglycan layer …
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Defining the Aetiology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of the Predominant Bacteria Associated with Bloodstream Infections at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
… According to many multinational antimicrobial resistance surveillance schemes, Asia represents a substantial reservoir of clinically relevant antimicrobial resistant genes. These genes include extended spectrum Beta lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC lactamases in the Enterobacteriaceae, …
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Development of Improved Genetic Methods for Enterococcus Faecium
… public health threat with the rise of drug resistance and nosocomial infections. Antibiotic usage has afforded antibiotic-resistant and pathogenic isolates from livestock and humans. Nevertheless, commensal Enterococcus strains possess beneficial health functions in mammals to upregulate …