Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 58 for “"tumor initiation"”.
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Metabolic Coordination of Stem Cell Fate Controls Tumor Initiation and Tissue Repair
… expense of differentiation is associated with tumor initiation, whereas failure to properly self-renew leads to stem cell exhaustion and aging. Stem cell fate is under tight regulation by the surrounding microenvironment, or niche, which includes neighboring cell types, signaling molecules, …
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Roles of Nanog, a transcription factor for self-renewal of embryonic stem cells, in prostate tumor initiation and chemoresistance
… States. It is increasingly appreciated that tumor or cancer stem cells are the cells responsible for initiating tumor formation and therefore should be targeted for eradication in cancer treatment. But the mechanism involved in the acquisition of unlimited self-renewal and tumor initiation by …
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Mouse models of lung cancer : understanding the molecular and cellular basis of lung tumorigenesis
… expression of oncogenic K-ras to drive tumorigenesis. The conditional allele is controlled by the Cre-loxP system. Using adenovirus to deliver Cre recombinase to the lungs we have controlled the timing and multiplicity of tumor initiation. We used this model to investigate several …
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Risk-Factor Induced Changes In The Breast Microenvironment Facilitate Inflammatory Breast Cancer Progression and Lymphovascular Invasion
… IBC is characterized by florid lymphovascular tumor emboli clogging dermal lymphatics. This leads to “classic” symptoms of breast swelling and skin edema or discoloration. To date, unique genomic drivers which differentiate IBC from non-IBC invasive breast cancers have not been identified …
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Elucidating the Role of BMI1 in Lung and Colon Tumor Maintenance and Progression
… It is postulated that within heterogeneous tumor tissues, there exists a subpopulation of cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), with the ability to initiate and support tumor growth, promote metastatic spreading, and drive relapse following chemoradiotherapy. Given the high tumorigenic …
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Investigating the initiation and progression of small cell lung cancer
… SCLC, we analyzed the copy number alterations in tumors and metastases arising in a mouse model of SCLC (mSCLC), driven by conditional inactivation alleles of two tumor suppressor genes, Trp53 and Rbl. We identified frequent, high-level amplification of a novel, protooncogenic transcription factor …
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Roles for the polycomb group protein BMI1 in lung adenocarcinoma progression and maintenance
… cell-fate commitment, and proliferation. During tumorigenesis, many cancers co-opt these core Bmil functions. A subset of these malignancies demonstrates an increased dependence on Bmil, revealing a window of vulnerability that could be exploited for the therapeutic benefit of patients. With the …
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Malignant Gliomas Originate From Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells and Are Maintained By Cancer Stem Cells
… a series of mouse models that phenocopy both tumor initiation and progression through stochastic tumor suppressor loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH). To determine whether the mouse models recapitulate human glioma at the molecular level, we have performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) …
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The hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype and its implications in cancer metastasis
… tissue, travel throughout the body, and form tumors at distant organs. Metastasis is often fueled by Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) that enables cells to migrate and invade, and its reverse Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition (MET) that facilitates cells to shed migration and …
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Functional miRNA regulation of metastatic genes promotes tumor cell dissemination in non-small cell and small cell lung carcinomas
Tumor progression, from initiation to advanced metastatic disease, requires the orchestration of a diverse group of cell-intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This multifactorial disease is promoted by an accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes that confer selective advantage to cells and enable …
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Investigating the Role of Complex I Loss in Thyroid Tumorigenesis
… that defects in cellular respiration drive tumorigenesis after observing that tumor cells often perform aerobic glycolysis in culture. Since then, multiple studies have demonstrated that most tumors actually require intact cellular respiration for proliferation. However, cancers of the …
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Targeting Stromal-Mediated Resistance Mechanisms in Oncogenic KRAS-Driven Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
… with oncogenic KRAS mutations driving both tumor initiation and maintenance. Despite recent breakthroughs in KRAS-targeted therapies, the rapid emergence of resistance mechanisms limits their clinical efficacy. This dissertation investigates three interconnected aspects of PDAC biology and …
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Molecular Dynamics of p21 and Fluorescent Sphingomyelin in Keratinocytes Exposed to UVB
… skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common malignant tumor, representing more than a third of all malignant tumors combined and the incidence is increasing every year. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is the most dominant factor contributing to tumor initiation and progression. The condition is …
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AGO2 in overexpression exhibits oncogenic functions KrasG̳1̳2̳D̳ -associated mouse tumor models
… and growth. Simultaneously, mutations in tumor suppressor genes are frequently detected, allowing cells to evade cell cycle checkpoints, resulting in the inhibition of cell death signals. Therefore, identifying genetic abnormalities that promote tumor initiation and progression is …
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Investigating The Role of Cd109 In Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
… in vitro. We also find that it promotes tumor formation and progression in nude mice, therefore decreasing their survival. We revealed an association between CD109 expression and YAP/TAZ signaling through RPPA and RNA Sequencing data. This data establishes CD109 as a cell surface protein …
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Examining the roles of the pyruvate kinase isoforms, PKMI1 and PKM2, in systemic metabolism and tumor development
… functional requirement for PKM2 during tumor initiation, we used a conditional Pkm2 allele (Pkm2f/) to abolish PKM2 expression in the context of two Kras driven mouse models - for lung adenocarcinoma and soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). In the sarcoma model, where the presumed tumor …
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Insulin Recepto Loss Impairs Mammary Tumourigenesis in Mice
… probe the role of insulin signaling in mammary tumorigenesis, we generated the MMTV-driven polyoma middle T (PyMT) and ErbB2/Her2 BC mouse models, respectively, with coordinate mammary epithelium-restricted deletion of the INSR. In both models, deletion of either one or both copies of the INSR …
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Characterization of molecular dynamic changes in tissue model systems using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging
… For instance, the endogenous changes within tumor tissues induced by interactions between tumor and stroma are not only indications of tumor initiation and progression for disease diagnosis and prevention purposes, but also an important piece of information for studying the underlying disease …
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Interrogation of Changes in Cell State during Tumor Evolution of a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Lung Adenocarcinoma
… mouse models of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), tumors become more heterogeneous and dysregulate cell identities as they progress and evolve. In this thesis, single-cell RNA-sequencing technology was utilized to understand dynamic changes that occur during tumor evolution both with respect to …
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Identification of Novel HIF1A Target Genes That Regulate Tumor Progression and Metastasis
<p>Hypoxia is a hallmark of most solid tumors. In response to hypoxic stress tumor cells adapt by regulating survival, metabolism and angiogenesis. The heterodimeric HypoxiaInducible Factor (HIF) transcription factors are the master regulators of this response. HIFs play key roles in many critical …
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