Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 20 of 199 for “"tractability"”.
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Models for Improved Tractability and Accuracy in Dependency Parsing
Automatic syntactic analysis of natural language is one of the fundamental problems in natural language processing. Dependency parses (directed trees in which edges represent the syntactic relationships between the words in a sentence) have been found to be particularly useful for machine …
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Discrete Optimization in Early Vision - Model Tractability Versus Fidelity
… have high fidelity. This thesis improves the tractability-fidelity trade-off of the current state of the art by introducing new discrete methods for image segmentation and other problems of early vision. The first part studies pseudo-boolean optimization, both from a theoretical perspective as …
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Tractability through approximation : a study of two discrete optimization problems
(cont.) algorithm, at one extreme, and complete enumeration, at the other extreme. We derive worst-case approximation guarantees on the solution produced by such an algorithm for matroids. We then define a continuous relaxation of the original problem and show that some of the derived bounds apply …
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The prevalence of toxin-antitoxin systems and their tractability as novel antimicrobial targets
Large, low copy number plasmids, such as those harboring antibiotic resistance genes, often possess plasmid maintenance systems to ensure their persistence and inheritance in a bacterial population. One example is the proteic toxin-antitoxin (TA) system, consisting of a toxin and an antitoxin …
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Enhancing tractability of mixed-integer nonlinear programming models: case studies in energy and sports
We address three integer-programming models which are difficult to formulate and solve because, fundamentally, they are mixed-integer, nonlinear programs. These three applications are: (i) design of and dispatch for a forward operating base, or remote military installation, that possesses a …
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Constructive approaches to quasi-Monte Carlo methods for multiple integration
… space should be strongly tractable. Strong tractability means that the minimal number of quadrature points n needed to reduce the initial error by a factor of ε is bounded by a polynomial in ε⁻¹ independently of the dimension d. Several recent publications show the existence of lattice rules …
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Outlining the characteristics of tractable housing : a design of rowhouses
… characteristics of a place contribute to its tractability. The objective of this thesis is to outline design characteristics which contribute to the tractability of housing, using the rowhouse type as a spring point. This study is grounded in a behavioral perspective. Dimensional criteria are …
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Sensitivity of a general circulation inverse model to sub-grid scale parametrization coefficients
… models of the ocean they can solve. This tractability constraint forces ocean modellers to make choices. Naturally, they hope to make intelligent choices, but whenever a new model is being developed or an existing one extended, the issue of tractability lurks. The large-scale, basin-wide, …
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Empiricism versus apriorism in macroeconomic research : is the current research paradigm of economics inherently incapable of predicting recessions
… phenomena in the name of mathematical tractability. This tendancy to over-aggregate is inherent in the empiricist methodology that currently enjoys a near-exclusive monopoly in the discipline. An alternative methodology, the causal-realist approach of the Austrian school of economic …
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Contributions to Information-Based Complexity and to Quantum Computing
… In the first part of this thesis we study the tractability of multivariate problems in the worst and average case settings using the real number model with oracles. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for weak tractability for linear multivariate tensor product problems in those …
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Compact parametric models for efficient sequential decision making in high-dimensional, uncertain domains
… field is the tradeoff between optimality and tractability. To handle high-dimensional (many variables), large (many potential values per variable) domains, an algorithm must have a computational complexity that scales gracefully with the number of dimensions. However, many prior approaches …
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Making a grand challenge: the social-symbolic work of conserving nature
… and in doing so, how does SSW shape the tractability of these challenges? I conducted an in-depth, longitudinal ethnographic study of SSW in a state-run conservation agency as actors responded to two interlinked but separate challenges: an acute biodiversity crisis (rhino poaching) in its …
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Network Models In Evacuation Planning
… to the model formulation to enhance its tractability. A heuristic for generating a solution is also proposed, and its solution quality is analyzed. Finally, we discuss the hospital evacuation problem where we develop an integer programming model that integrates the building evacuation …
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Action-centered reasoning for probabilistic dynamic domains
… for logical progression and regression. The tractability of the algorithm results from the tractability of these underlying subroutines. Our theoretical and empirical results show significant improvement of our algorithm over previous approaches for reasoning. Our novel algorithm for …
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The stochastic air traffic flow management rerouting problem
… stochastically. To overcome problems with tractability, we apply a Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition and present an efficient method for solving it. The decomposed formulation is shown to be tractable for real-world problem, and it generates up to a ten percent reduction in cost when compared to …
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New optimization approaches to matrix factorization problems with connections to natural language processing
… and robust optimization, and demonstrate tractability and effectiveness in computational experiments. In Chapter 1, we develop a framework for matrix factorization problems and provide a technical introduction to topic modeling with examples. Chapter 2, Certifiably optimal sparse principal …
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A computational approach to understanding spatial and temporal granularities in agent-based modeling
… granularities influence both computational tractability and epidemic ABM processes. By focusing on the nexus of space, time, and process my dissertation improves understanding of the interrelationships and trade-offs between space and time as they relate to spatial processes using an …
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Information-rich path planning under general constraints using Rapidly-exploring Random Trees
… solution strategies by its computational tractability and general constraint characterization. A progression of simulation results demonstrates that this implementation can generate complex target-tracking behaviors from a simple model of the trade-off between information gathering and …
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The edge of large-scale optimization in transportation and machine learning
… novel optimization algorithms to overcome the tractability issues that arise in real world applications. We work towards the implementation of these algorithms, through software contributions, public policy work, and a formal study of machine learning interpretability. Our implementation in …
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Computer-aided space planning for residential layouts: case-based learning and designer-computer interaction
… process. However, such research was limited by tractability and knowledge extraction issues, and a lack of research into how designers use automated design tools in practice. To address the tractability and knowledge extraction issues, a general data-driven direction was adopted for this …
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