Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 116 for “"tissue homeostasis"”.
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Mechanisms of Genome Buffering and Cell Fate Coordination in Adult Tissue Homeostasis
… competency of adult stem cells is essential for tissue homeostasis. The corruption of genes essential for genome preservation or for niche-stem cell interactions frequently results in loss of stem cell viability and disease. The two components of my thesis focus on understanding adult stem cell …
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Mechanical injury and inflammatory cytokines affect cartilage integrity and tissue homeostasis : a mass spectrometric analysis of proteins with relevance to arthritis
… damage to cartilage, meniscus and synovial tissues, and tissue degradation associated with cytokine-induced inflammation. While the role of inflammatory cytokines in OA is still controversial, their role in rheumatoid arthritis is evidenced by the successful use of anti-TNF-ca and anti-IL-1 …
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Characterization of Stem Cell Turnover In A Living Epithelial Bilayer
… our knowledge of cell turnover within living tissues remains largely restricted to static images due to the limited ability to study epithelia in their native context. Here we report that clearance of damaged basal stem cells promotes compensatory proliferation of neighboring stem cells to …
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The instructive roles of muscle cells in planarian regeneration
… patterning information to correctly place new tissue. Planarians are flatworms with remarkable capacity to regenerate after nearly any injury and to indefinitely maintain tissue homeostasis. Dividing cells, neoblasts, are the source of all new tissue, whereas positional information is …
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EFFECTS OF OSTEOARTHRITIS AND INFLAMMATION ON MENISCUS CELL RESPONSE TO OSTEOGENIC PROTEIN 1 (OP1)
… We have focused on the meniscus, because this tissue is highly susceptable to injuries which often fail to heal and lead to osteoarthritis (OA). OA is driven by molecular inflammation which disrupts tissue homeostasis through the upregulation of catabolism (extracellular matrix breakdown) which …
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The Tissue Specific Role of Endosome Associated Protein SNX27 in Colonic Inflammation and Tumorigenesis
… SNX27 is variably expressed in different tissues, its role specifically in the intestines and the development of intestinal disorders remains to be unexplored. Epithelial barrier integrity, regulated by junction proteins, is critical for the maintenance of intestinal tissue homeostasis. …
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Genetic Analysis of Hox Transcription Factors and Cofactors in the Regulation of Programmed Cell Death in C Elegans
… ways to ensure proper development and tissue homeostasis. In many cases, transcriptional pathways carry out this regulation by mechanisms that are not completely understood. Studies of programmed cell death in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans provided an essential foundation for …
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Novel roles of ADF/cofilins in maintenance of homeostasis in normal and malignant epithelial cells
… little is known about their collective roles in tissue homeostasis. By employing genetic knock-outs of ADF, in conjunction with conditional depletion of CFL1 using a Cre-LoxP system under the control of the keratin 14 promoter, we were able to study the effects of ADF/CFL1 loss in vivo in the …
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Ischemia Impairs Vasodilation in Skeletal Muscle Resistance Artery
… the experimental preparation while maintaining tissue homeostasis. Endothelial and smooth muscle dependent vasodilation were impaired with ischemia, 39.6 ± 13.6% vs. 80.5 ± 11.4% and 43.0 ± 11.7% vs. 85.1 ± 10.5%, respectively. From this data, it can be supported that smooth muscle dysfunction …
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Defining Epithelial Cell Fate Dynamics of the Oesophagus during Postnatal Development and Homeostasis
Epithelial cells can respond rapidly to changing tissue demands to ensure organism survival. However, the mechanisms that finely control how cells adapt their behaviour remain largely unknown. To uncover the rules that govern epithelial cell fate, it is critical to understand their dynamic nature …
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The interplay of matrix rigidity and mechanical stretching for the development of artificial skin
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine provides the possibility for generating organs in laboratorial settings as an off-the-shelf-technology that can provide an alternative therapeutic pathway for transplantations and replace non-functional organs. Many engineered tissues have been attempted …
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Host-Defense Function of Anuclear Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil in Lung Injury
… bactericidal efficiency, and prevented lung tissue injury were observed upon mitochondrial transplantation. These results identify a pivotal role of PMNcyto generation following PMN NETosis as a fundamental host defense mechanism and restoration of tissue homeostasis.
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Quantitative Single-Cell Imaging Reveals Insulation of Morphogenic Signal Transduction
… problem of cell biology. In development and in tissue-homeostasis, cell-fate decisions are made by the integration of multiple morphogenic signals, but how cells convert such combinations of signals into distinct behaviors is not well understood. A major complication is our incomplete knowledge …
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Identification of Molecular Targets for the Treatment of the Skeletal Phenotype in Lysosomal Storage Disorders
… Regulation of autophagy is essential for tissue homeostasis. The mTORC1 kinase tunes autophagy according to nutrient levels and environmental factors. Recently the laboratory in which I performed the experiments used for my thesis has demonstrated that autophagy, by controlling collagen …
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An insulin-like peptide regulates size and adult stem cells in planarians
… for regulation of adult animal size and tissue homeostasis in an organism with plastic adult size. Importantly, insulin signaling continues to affect stem cell and germline populations in a mature organism. Furthermore, we show that adult organisms can differentially regulate specific …
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Interrogating the molecular mechanism of signal transduction in the TGF-β receptor superfamily
… processes, from embryonic development to adult tissue homeostasis and immune responses. Over 30 dimeric growth factor ligands compete for binding to 7 type I receptors and 5 type II receptors, with the combinatorial nature of signalling complex formation enabling finely tuned signal integration. …
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Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Development of Unconventional T Cells
… ‘unconventional’ T cells have emerging roles in tissue homeostasis and disease, but the molecular mechanisms underpinning their development remain elusive. In this study, we uncovered the roles of the molecules RAPTOR and PTEN in the thymic development of unconventional T cells. Capitalizing on …
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Sensory Primary Cilium is a Distinct Signaling Compartment
… factor (PDGF) pathways during development and tissue homeostasis. The primary cilium has been established as a mechano, chemo- and osmosensing unit that transmits extracellular cues to the cell, which supports the importance of the primary cilium. As an important organelle involved in sensory …
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Mechanism Determination of the Effects of Pancratistatin on Model Mitochondrial Membranes
… is essential for physiological development and tissue homeostasis. From a biochemical standpoint, this process can be exploited to target and eliminate specific cell types, such as cancer cells. Pancratistatin (PST) is an antiviral alkaloid metabolite that has demonstrated directed apoptotic …
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PERICYTE SUBTYPES AT THE INTERSECTION BETWEEN TISSUE REGENERATION AND PATHOLOGY
Normal tissue homeostasis as well as tissue regeneration and repair after damage rely on resident stem cells. Incomplete regeneration in mammals has been attributed to an insufficient number of stem cells and a rapid fibro/adipocytic infiltration after wounding. Excessive scar formation compromises …
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