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Showing 1 to 20 of 37 for “"throughfall"”.
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Throughfall variation in a mixed deciduous forest
Gross rainfall and throughfall were measured in an uneven-aged, mixed deciduous forest in western Virginia from August 6, 1972 to June 19, 1973. Storms were grouped according to leafy (growing) season and leafless (dormant) season for analysis of gross rainfall and throughfall. Average leafy season …
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Measuring the Momentum of Throughfall Drops and Raindrops
… to determine the momentum and kinetic energy of throughfall drops in the field do not account for the drop's shape at impact or for the variations of the drop's velocity caused by chaotic air currents. The drop's shape at impact is critical because it influences the drop's measurable momentum, …
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Rainfall redistribution and change of water quality in tropical forest canopies : patterns and persistence
… surfaces results in a large variability of both throughfall and its chemical composition. Since throughfall and its chemistry influence a range of physical, chemical and biological processes at or below the forest floor the understanding of throughfall variability and the prediction of …
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Branch, crown, tree and stand water flux in an 180-year-old loblolly pine plantation after thinning, fertilization, and throughfall exclusion treatments
… the effects of thinning, fertilization, and throughfall exclusion treatments on water use by loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees. Variations in SFD at different radial xylem depths were also examined to improve estimates of tree water use from sap flux density measured in the outer sapwood. …
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Urban Rainfall Interception of Evergreen and Deciduous Trees for the Southeastern United States
… southeastern U.S. describe the need for standard throughfall collection methods, a general lack of information for common species, and a weak understanding of differences in evergreen and deciduous trees. Parallel experiments at six sites were compared for evergreen and deciduous trees during 235 …
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Using motes for high resolution hydrological measurement
… measuring air and soil temperature, humidity, throughfall, soil moisture content, overland flow and groundwater head. The foundation of each cluster was a data box containing a MDA300 data acquisition board and a MICA2 processor board from Crossbow Technologies, Inc.™ that allowed for short …
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Nutrient fluxes and soil microbial processes
… microbial biomass (c) nutrient input fluxes from throughfall and litterfall (d) foliar nutrient status. This investigation was carried out in south-eastern Belgium at a site converted in 1998 to a mixed deciduous stand, after two spruce generations. Plantations of common alder (Alnus glutinosa …
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Impact of Isotopic Heterogeneity in Shallow Systems on Modeling of Stormflow Generation
… of temporal and spatial variability in rain and throughfall has determined that average throughfall is enriched by 0.5% in 0^18O and 3.0% in 0D relative to rain; site-specific differences in canopy cause up to 1.2 % variation in 0^18O among collectors for the same storm; and throughfall ^18O …
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Partitioning soil respiration in response to drought and fertilization in loblolly pine: laboratory and field approaches
… of fertilization (0 and 100.9 kg N ha-1 ) and throughfall reduction (0 and -30%) on total soil respiration (RS) as well as the heterotrophic contribution to RS, in a fully replicated (n=4), 2x2 factorial design. In the controlled lab experiment RS and RA declined by 86% and 95% respectively by …
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Effects of Western Spruce Budworm Herbivory on Forest Soils and Litter Decomposition in Central Washington
… influence nutrient availability in forest throughfall, decomposition rate on the floor, and soil nutrient concentrations by sampling 4 sites with low budworm activity and 4 sites with high budworm activity from September 2015 through November 2016. Budworms appeared to accelerate ammonium …
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Chemical interactions between rainfall and northern red oak (Quercus rubra l.) foliage
… ions were measured in bulk rainfall and bulk throughfall collected beneath northern red oak trees growing on the fertile and less fertile sites. Rainfall passing through crowns at both sites was enriched with S0₄²⁻, P0₄³⁻, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, Mn²⁺, and Fe²⁺, but lost NH₄⁺ to the crowns. There was …
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Gross N turnover and soil solution chemistry as influenced by fluctuations of soil water potential and water table in a Podzol and a fen soil
… and field experiments. Soil solutions and throughfall were collected and the cumulative in situ fluxes of DIN, DON and DOC with forest floor percolates were calculated. In a minerotrophic fen, we studied the response of N and C mineralization and soil solution chemistry to water table …
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Effects of land-use changes on the properties of a Nitisol and hydrological and biogeochemical processes in different forest ecosystems at Munesa, south-eastern Ethiopia
… cm depths from the mineral soil. Rainfall and throughfall were collected using plastic funnels mounted 1 m above the ground. Soil solutions were collected with zero-tension (organic layer) and tension (mineral soil at the depth of 20, 50 and 100 cm) lysimeters. After 26 years of cultivation, …
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Hydrologic significance of stand density variations in Alberta lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. (Moench) Voss. var. latifolia Engelm.) forests
… forest stands, the utility of trough gauges in throughfall estimation, and sample numbers required in soil moisture sampling. Snowpack was ephemeral, and no definitive results on snow accumulation were obtained.
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Biogeochemical Investigations in Old Growth and Disturbed Forest Sites at Mount Kilimanjaro
… soil properties, soil water tension, rainfall, throughfall, litter percolate and soil solution were determined on twelve study sites in mature forest, secondary forest and elder clearings between 2100 and 2300 m a.s.l. on the southwestern slopes of the mountain. The soil water tension was …
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Snowfall Interception and Ablation in Needleleaf Canopies: Observations and Model Development
… observations of initial snow interception and throughfall, collected across a range of canopy densities and meteorological conditions when ablation processes were minimal, revealed new relationships for predicting initial snow interception and throughfall. Observations of canopy density and …
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The combined effects of fertilization and relative water limitation on tissue water relations, hydraulic parameters and shallow root distribution in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.)
… Finally, we tested the validity of throughfall exclusion for simulating reduced rainfall using a greenhouse 'split-pot' study, which applied spatially fixed heterogeneous soil moisture to young, well-watered loblolly pines. The 'split-pot' experiments demonstrated that spatially …
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Biogeochemical Consequences of Hydrologic Conditions in a Tropical Montane Rain Forest in Ecuador
… to different air-masses. The delta 18O values of throughfall and lateral flow are similar to those in rainfall. Variations in delta 18O values of the soil solution and the stream water are smaller (-9.1 to -3.0 and -5.8 to -8.7 per mil) than those of rainfall, throughfall, and lateral flow. The …
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NATURALLY ACIDIC OR ANTHROPOGENICALLY ACIDIFIED? UNCOVERING THE DRIVERS OF STREAM ACIDITY DURING STORMFLOW IN THE NEE SOON CATCHMENT, SINGAPORE
… the NSC. The pH and major ions in precipitation, throughfall and shallow groundwater and streamwater samples were analysed. Soil cores were collected for analysis of pH, particle size distribution, organic matter content, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) and base saturation (BS). During …
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Nitrogen deposition and nitrification in coniferous forests’
… and high deposition in rainfall and throughfall. In forest ecosystem, where N is no longer limiting to primary production due to high inputs, the excess N is thought to be related to forest decline and a concept of ‘N saturation ‘ has been developed. In particular, N in the form of …
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