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Showing 1 to 20 of 89 for “"the unfolded protein response"”.
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Stress-signal recognition in the unfolded protein response
The unfolded protein response (UPR) maintains protein folding homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by adjusting its folding capacity to the load of unfolded proteins in the compartment. This critical feedback mechanism governs the functioning of the secretory pathway, impacting various …
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Contribution of the Unfolded Protein Response to VEGF Expression
… to inadequate vascularization that can affect the normal functioning of intracellular organelles. In the case of the endoplasmic reticulum, the limiting environment is further exacerbated by the high metabolic demands of the tumor cells, which together interfere with the proper maturation of …
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Regulation of the unfolded protein response by GADD34 and CReP
<p>The regulation of protein synthesis and protein folding is crucial for normal cell function. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has crucial roles in safeguarding the correct folding and assembling of proteins through the use of ER molecular chaperones. Homeostasis disruption of the ER leads to …
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Modeling The Unfolded Protein Response And Its Connection To Cellular Stress
The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) plays a pivotal role in cellular functioning. Proteins undergo modifications in the ER. The cell monitors protein folding and has a quality control. The incorrectly folded proteins are tagged for degradation or sent back to the refolding cycle. Upon accumulation of …
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Translational Control by the Ribosome-Associated Complex in the Unfolded Protein Response
… chaperones are ubiquitous and highly conserved. There are two classes of ribosome-associated chaperones in eukaryotes, the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC) and the ribosome-associated complex (RAC). Mammalian RAC consists of Hsp70L1, an Hsp70 chaperone homologue, and Mpp11, a DnaJ …
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The unfolded protein response and HLA-B27 misfolding: implications for ankylosing spondylitis
The unfolded protein response (UPR) detects the presence of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and subsequently relieves ER stress by increasing the folding capacity of the ER. The secretory pathway substrate HLA-B27 is highly associated with the chronic inflammatory disease …
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Modulating The Unfolded Protein Response as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Disease
… thinking which interferes with daily life. It is the leading cause of death in the UK, and dementia was estimated to cost the health service in England £24.2 billion in 2015. As such it is one of the major clinical problems of our time. The most common form of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease. …
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Exploring the role of the unfolded protein response in C. elegans neurons
The nervous system of C. elegans plays a role in the orchestration of systemic stress responses. One of these stress responses, the unfolded protein response of the endoplasmic reticulum (UPRER), is activated to re-establish protein homeostasis (proteostasis) upon the detection of ER stress. …
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The unfolded protein response regulates hepatocellular injury during the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
… (NASH), which is characterized by the induction of hepatocellular death and inflammation, is associated with the activation of cellular stress pathways such as the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), an adaptive response to disruptions in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis. Because …
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The Unfolded Protein Response Increases Production of Pro-Angiogenic Factors by Tumor Cell Lines
<p>The rapid growth and proliferation of tumor cells will be limited at a stage when they encounter inadequate levels of oxygen and nutrient supply within the poorly vascularized tumor mass. These severe conditions negatively affect the proper folding of nascent proteins in the endoplasmic …
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Studies on the mechanisms that contribute to the endoplasmic reticulum quality control system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), which serves as a site for protein biogenesis in budding yeast, contains a quality control system that ensures that only proteins that have attained a native conformation are deployed to other destinations in the cell. In order to gain insight into the mechanisms …
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Protein degradation from the endoplasmic reticulum in yeast
The majority proteins that misfold in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are dislocated to the cytoplasm for degradation by the proteasome. This process of dislocation and degradation occurs in several steps. First, unfolded proteins need to be recognized in the ER. Following recognition, unfolded …
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Altered Responses to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In Pancreatic Cancer
… ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents the fourth most common cause of cancer-associated death in the United States. Little progress has been made in understanding how proteotoxic stress affects rapidly proliferating pancreatic tumor cells. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurs when …
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Genetic Analysis of Fic-Mediated BiP AMPylation in Photoreceptors
In response to environmental, developmental, and pathological stressors, cells engage homeostatic pathways to maintain their function. The Unfolded Protein Response protects cells from the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER. Depending on ER stress levels, the ER-resident Fic protein …
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N-Glycosylation Protects Host from Mycobacterial Infection
… *Mycobacterium tuberculosis* and restrict their growth. Through a zebrafish forward genetic screen, we have identified the early steps of N-glycosylation are required for the macrophage to resist mycobacterial infections. N-glycosylation attaches an oligosaccharide molecule to nascent …
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The Molecular Correlates of Sleep and Sleep Deprivation in vivo and in vitro
This thesis describes the use of in vivo and in vitro models to better understand the molecular correlates of sleep and sleep deprivation. Unlike previous studies, we utilise a timecourse based experimental design throughout, which has the advantage of identifying how the abundance of molecules …
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Modulation of the Magnetic Properties of Aqueous Metal Ions and the Bioelectrodynamic Effects on Cancerous and Noncancerous Cells
<p>Bioelectrodynamics is the study of how electromagnetism affects the biophysical functions of living organisms by examining the effects on biochemical processing at the cellular level. The Cellular Energy Transfer Science (CETS) system modulates the magnetic behavior of aqueous metal ions by …
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Targeting mdr1 and endocrine therapy-resistant cancers through estrogen receptor
… cell proliferation and are associated with the development of aggressive breast and ovarian cancers. Endoplasmic reticulum (EnR) stress signaling cascade, the unfolded protein response (UPR), has documented in various human cancers and diseases. However, the precise roles of UPR signaling in …
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Unveiling the Intercompartmental Signaling Axis: Mitochondrial to ER Stress Response (MERSR) and Its Impact on Proteostasis
<p>Maintaining protein homeostasis is essential for cellular health. During times of protein stress, cells deploy unique defense mechanisms to achieve resolution. Our previous research uncovered a cross-compartmental Mitochondrial to Cytosolic Stress Response (MCSR), a unique stress response …
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