Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 50 for “"stem cell fate"”.
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Systems Engineering of Stem Cell Fate
Recent advances in the derivation of functional cells from pluripotent stem cells have raised hope for cell therapy to treat liver ailments. They have enhanced the prospects of developing reliable in vitro models for liver diseases and drug toxicity screening. A differentiation protocol mimicking …
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Feedback Regulation of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Fate
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate decisions at least in part determine cellular composition of the hematopoietic system. It is known that differentiated blood cells produce ligands that act on HSCs to influence HSC fate. However, fundamentals underlying the feedback regulation of HSC fate are …
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Identifying regulators of neural stem cell fate and tumourigenesis
The proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) must be regulated precisely in order to generate a functional nervous system. Mis-regulated NSC division can lead to the inadequate production of differentiated progeny or to ectopic NSCs and tumour formation. As such, genes that promote the …
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Prostate cancer stem cell fate: β-catenin and the Wnt pathway
… presence of a small number of prostate cancer stem cells within a tumour. Tumour initiation, maintenance and spreading have been attributed to this subpopulation of tumour cells. Wnt activity and β-catenin signalling have been associated with different types of cancer and microarray data from …
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Translational mechanisms of stem cell fate regulation in epidermal oncogene tolerance
… we find that oncogenic RAS-induced progenitor cell hyperproliferation is coordinated with differentiation to restrain aberrant growth and preserve epidermal development. We uncover a novel translation mechanism mediated by initiation factor eIF2B5 that co-regulates RAS proliferation and …
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The Wnt Casade and Stem Cell Fate in a Basic Metazoan
… of the anterior-posterior axis and in cell differentiation, and is the only pathway known to play a role in stem cell fate and maintenance within many of the chordate metazoans. This work served to establish if such a role has already evolved early in metazoan phylogeny by using …
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Multigradient hydrogels to decode extrinsic regulation of hematopoietic stem cell fate
… for the generation of all the blood and immune cells of the body. The cells responsible for this process are the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), primarily located within the bone marrow. They are housed in specific microenvironments (niches) that provide stochastically and temporally mutable …
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The role of mechanotransduction in signalling and pluripotent stem cell fate
… development is a dynamic process in which cells are exposed to soluble and mechanical cues in the microenvironment in a spatially and temporally organised manner. Although increasing evidence suggests that the regulation of pluripotent stem cell fate is strongly influenced by external …
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Metabolic Coordination of Stem Cell Fate Controls Tumor Initiation and Tissue Repair
<p>Tissue stem cells balance fate decisions of self-renewal and differentiation to maintain homeostasis over the lifetime of an organism, as well as to repair tissues upon injury and wounding. Disrupting the balance between self-renewal and differentiation results in pathology: excessive …
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Roles for cell surface glycans in guiding human pluripotent stem cell fate
Cell-surface polysaccharides are a fundamental component of the stem cell microenvironment. They are known to modulate developmental signals- critical for pluripotency and differentiation. Nevertheless, the architecture of the cellular glycocalyx and how these structures direct the fate of human …
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Serine Metabolism Leverages the Integrated Stress Response to Direct Stem Cell Fate During Tissue Regeneration
<p>Epidermal stem cells constantly rejuvenate the skin's barrier, which excludes harmful microbes and prevents dehydration. While hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) normally regenerate hair, they must also reconstruct and thereafter maintain the overlying epidermis upon a barrier breach, such as a …
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THE HYPOXIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL NICHE Consequences of Hypoxia-induced Transcription on Stem Cell Fate
… formation that originates with the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), a cell type that is responsible for the life-long supply of mature blood cells. HSCs are defined by their ability to self-renew as well as giving rise to differentiated cells of all blood lineages. Because of these features, HSCs …
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Role of Fam60a in the Regulation of HIF-2α and Determination of Stem Cell Fate
… is an important signalling cue for many cell types. The study of its effects has direct relevance to surgery since hypoxic gradients are generated with every cut. On a cellular level, changes in molecular oxygen are sensed by the Hypoxia-Inducible Factors (HIFs). The HIFs are a family of …
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Hydrogel platform to investigate the coordinated impact of niche signals on hematopoietic stem cell fate
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) regulate the process of hematopoiesis, which is the formation and development of all the body’s blood and immune cells. The HSCs ability to either self-renew or differentiate in order to produce these populations is determined by a number of known as well as …
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Mechanotransduction at the nuclear envelope: the role of forces in facilitating embryonic stem cell fate decisions
… has focused on the transcriptional regulation of cellular identity, the role of the mechanical properties of cells and the importance of their physical interactions with the local environment remains less well understood. In this project, we explored the impact of cytoskeleton-generated forces …
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Exploring Dystrophin-Mediated Control of Neural Stem Cell Fate Associated with Intellectual Disability In Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patients
… I investigated the hippocampal and amygdala cellular and behavioural phenotypes of the mdx mouse. I show that post-natal neural stem-like cell division in the SGZ is altered in the absence of Dp427 resulting in enhanced symmetric division. I show in vitro that primary mdx cultures are fewer …
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Investigating the coordination of germline stem cell fate by ecdysone signaling and BMP signaling in the Drosophila ovary
Germline stem cells (GSCs) receive multiple secreted signals that regulate their fate. How these signals are integrated to balance self-renewal with differentiation are not well understood. Here, we use the Drosophila ovary as a model to understand how signal convergence is achieved. Ecdysone …
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Identification of Novel Drivers of Haematopoietic Stem Cell Fate Using Low Cell Number Proteomics and Single Cell Profiling
The abrogation and de-regulation of cellular decisions in adult haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have been widely recognised as key contributing factors in ageing and disease. In particular, acquired mutations altering HSC self-renewal contribute to the formation of pre-leukaemic disorders, such as …
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SGK196 controls stem cell fates by promoting the degradation of TGFβ family receptors
… regarding the molecular mechanisms controlling stem cell fate. Through studies in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), I have identified SGK196, an atypical kinase of relatively unknown function, as a novel regulator of cell fate and the TGFβ family signaling pathway. SGK196 depletion in human …
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Bioengineering of a TAT-conjugated Peptide to Modulate the Activity of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 in Adult and Embryonic Stem Cells
The intracellular delivery of molecules to modulate signaling pathways and gene expression is a powerful approach to control stem cell fate decision. For applications in gene therapy and regenerative medicine, the use of genetic material and viral vectors raise concerns because stem cells persist …
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