Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 37 for “"startle response"”.
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Motor preparation and the auditory startle response
… In light of this new research paradigm, the startle reflex may be used as a tool to investigate motor preparation. Here, six experiments were conducted that work towards the goals of understanding the mechanism of RT shortening due to startle, and motor preparation at a subcortical level. The …
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Examining the Relationships between Mindfulness, Anxiety, and the Startle Response
… Anxiety has been frequently measured via the startle response, an automatic reflex that serves defensive functions (Benke, Blumenthal, Modeß, Hamm, & Pané-Farré, 2015; Blumenthal, 2015). The literature is inconclusive in regards to the relationship between mindfulness and the startle response. …
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Individual differences of the startle response: implications of attention and arousal
… study investigated the electromyogram eyeblink startle response in relationship to individual differences in dimensions of attention and arousability as assessed by the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (Broadbent, Cooper, Fitzgerald & Parkes, 1982) and the Arousal Predisposition Scale (Coren, …
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The Influence of Behavioral Inhibition and Approach on Affective Modification of the Startle Response
Startle modification is a robust phenomenon that has been used as a tool in the research of emotion and motivation. In a picture viewing paradigm, valence of affective pictures modulates startle magnitude. There is a debate on whether emotional or attentional processes are the mechanism of startle …
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Acoustic Startle Response in High and Low Hostiles Before And After A Cold Pressor Task
High-hostiles exhibit exaggerated physiological responses to stressors as seen by increased cardiovascular reactivity (BP & HR) (Rhodes, Harrison, & Demaree, 2002; Demaree & Harrison, 1997). This exaggerated physiological response style is associated with cardiovascular disease and premature death …
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AN EXAMINATION OF CHANGES IN THE SOUND ENVIRONMENT AS MODULATORS OF THE HUMAN ACOUSTIC STARTLE RESPONSE IN CONTROL AND TINNITUS SAMPLES
… goal of this project was to determine whether a startle reflex paradigm could be used as a detector of tinnitus symptoms. The startle response is a brainstem reflex, initiated by sudden change in the environment. Responses can be facilitated by embedding a startle stimulus in background noise, or …
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Exploring Distinct Aspects of Shame and Guilt: Can Startle Reflex Modification Differentiate Shame from Guilt?
… system yields attenuation of the defensive startle reflex, but that activation of the withdrawal motivation system augments the startle reflex. Thus, approach-related guilt and withdrawal-related shame should attenuate and augment the startle magnitude, respectively. To test this prediction, …
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Examining the Interaction Between Startle and Response Inhibition
… the potentially interrupting effects of a startle response in a choice reaction time task. Participants completed a task similar to a Go/No- Go in which they were to press a button with their dominant thumb as quickly as possible whenever they saw a green circle (Go) and withhold a response …
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Prenatal stress alters fear-conditioned behaviors and the response to serotonergic drugs
… stressed (PS) rats, most notably the acoustic startle response and behavioral inhibition (i.e. freezing). PS rats do not differ in baseline peak startle responding, or in the habituation of the peak startle response when compared to the non-prenatally stressed (CON) rats. However, PS rats have …
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Testing the "Interrupt Hypothesis": Does startle disrupt cognitive processing?
The startle response is an automatic, defensive reflex that occurs in response to sudden transient change in the environment, and is characterized by physiological activity including muscle contraction in the face, neck, and shoulders. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) occurs when a stimulus is presented …
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The Effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on development and hyperekplexia in embryonic zebrafish model
… characterized by hypertonia and exaggerated startle response. In Hyperekplexia, there is a decrease in inhibitory synapse caused by a loss of glycine receptors. Because previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of THC in disorders similar to hyperekplexia, it should be investigated as a …
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The impact of serotonergic and dopaminergic genetic variation on endophenotypes of emotional processing
… two well established paradigms – the acoustic startle reflex and the cortisol stress response – were employed. Both show considerable interindividual variation which has been found in quantitative genetic studies to be at least partly based on genetic factors. In addition, the neural circuits …
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The Effect of Gonadal Steroids and Altered Tryptophan Metabolism on behaviour
… manifested as reduced locomotor activity and startle response magnitude. A paradoxical effect of tryptophan on behaviour was discovered. Increasing doses of l-tryptophan were found to induce heightened startle response magnitude while reducing spontaneous locomotor activity. It was concluded …
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Impacts of developmental exposures to the harmful algal bloom toxin domoic acid on neural development and behavior
… 2 days post fertilization (dpf) led to altered startle response behavior, myelination defects, and the downregulation of axonal and myelin structural genes. Using vital dyes and immunolabeling, I assessed DomA-induced alterations in cells required for the startle response. I found no differences …
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An investigation into temperament, production, and their physical indicators in Bos taurus beef and Holstein dairy cattle
… the squeeze chute, and 3) activity level and startle response to intermittent stimuli of auction cattle. Production measures were I) heifer carcass characteristics, and Warner-Bratzler shear force values of steaks, and 2) dairy cow milk production. Physical attributes investigated for all …
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Disruption of Prepulse Inhibition by Apomorphine Across Modalities
… a dopamine agonist, disrupts PPI of the auditory startle response at low prepulse intensities (5-10 dB above baseline noise) at an interstimulus interval (ISI, time between the prepulse and the startle stimulus) of 100msec. In the present study, it was hypothesized that disruption of PPI by APO …
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Impacts of developmental exposures to the harmful algal bloom toxin domoic acid on neural development and behavior
… 2 days post fertilization (dpf) led to altered startle response behavior, myelination defects, and the downregulation of axonal and myelin structural genes.
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mGluR5 Involvement in Methamphetamine Reward and the Co-Morbidity of Schizophrenia and Stimulant Use Disorders
… of pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response. PPI is defined as a normal suppression of the startle response when a weaker acoustic stimulus is presented before a louder startling acoustic stimulus. The current dissertation project utilized Meth-induced CPP, motor …
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