Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 78 for “"startle"”.
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Motor preparation and the auditory startle response
… In light of this new research paradigm, the startle reflex may be used as a tool to investigate motor preparation. Here, six experiments were conducted that work towards the goals of understanding the mechanism of RT shortening due to startle, and motor preparation at a subcortical level. The …
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ANXIETY AND INITIAL VALUE DEPENDENCY IN STARTLE HABITUATION
… (CA) relate to habituation kinetics of the startle eyeblink response—initial value, linear slope, and the relationship between them (initial value dependency, or IVD). In study 1, participants (n=31; 15 control, 16 CA) were exposed to two blocks of acoustic startle stimuli, and CA …
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Examining the Interaction Between Startle and Response Inhibition
… the potentially interrupting effects of a startle response in a choice reaction time task. Participants completed a task similar to a Go/No- Go in which they were to press a button with their dominant thumb as quickly as possible whenever they saw a green circle (Go) and withhold a response …
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Evaluating Scenarios That Can Startle and Surprise Pilots
<p>Startle and surprise on the flight deck is a contributing factor in multiple aviation accidents that have been recognized by multiple aviation safety boards. This study identified the effects startle and surprise had on commercial pilots with single and multiengine ratings. Surprise is defined …
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Temperament and Character Correlates of the Startle Reflex
… individual temperament traits can modulate the startle reflex. There is evidence supporting Cloninger’s concept of Harm Avoidance as being predictive of individual differences in reactivity to aversive stimuli. (Corr, 1997). Since this finding, a new version Cloninger’s measure includes …
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Testing the "Interrupt Hypothesis": Does startle disrupt cognitive processing?
The startle response is an automatic, defensive reflex that occurs in response to sudden transient change in the environment, and is characterized by physiological activity including muscle contraction in the face, neck, and shoulders. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) occurs when a stimulus is presented …
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Examining the Relationships between Mindfulness, Anxiety, and the Startle Response
… Anxiety has been frequently measured via the startle response, an automatic reflex that serves defensive functions (Benke, Blumenthal, Modeß, Hamm, & Pané-Farré, 2015; Blumenthal, 2015). The literature is inconclusive in regards to the relationship between mindfulness and the startle response. …
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ASSESSMENT OF NEUROTENSIN RECEPTOR AGONIST EFFECTS ON FEAR-POTENTIATED STARTLE
… female C57BL/J6 mice using the fear-potentiated startle (FPS) paradigm. Startle chambers were equipped with a shock-grid floor, fluorescent light, and an acoustic startle speaker. Conditioning took place between the light and floor shock, and test sessions measured startle to a 90 dB noise burst …
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Individual differences of the startle response: implications of attention and arousal
… study investigated the electromyogram eyeblink startle response in relationship to individual differences in dimensions of attention and arousability as assessed by the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (Broadbent, Cooper, Fitzgerald & Parkes, 1982) and the Arousal Predisposition Scale (Coren, …
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Cued affective modulation of startle reflex as a measure of emotion regulation
… the past two decades the affective modulation of startle (AMS) has been proposed as a more objective measure of emotional regulation/processing. In the basic AMS paradigm, participants view positive, negative, and neutral images. While viewing the images a startle-eliciting noise is presented. …
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The impact of alcohol and social context on the startle eyeblink reflex
… integrated alcohol-administration procedures, startle methodology, and social context, this study examined the impact of alcohol and social context on startle eyeblink reflex among 40 social drinkers. Results indicated that there was a significant effect of group presence, indicating that …
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Examination of the Relationship between Startle Eyeblink Modulation and Perceived Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis
… fatigue in a sample of individuals with MS. Startle Eyeblink Modulation (SEM), a measure that has been reliably shown to reflect the functioning of the SMN, indexes both the efficiency and timing of sensorimotor processing within the network. SEM involves the examination of the size and the …
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The Influence of Behavioral Inhibition and Approach on Affective Modification of the Startle Response
Startle modification is a robust phenomenon that has been used as a tool in the research of emotion and motivation. In a picture viewing paradigm, valence of affective pictures modulates startle magnitude. There is a debate on whether emotional or attentional processes are the mechanism of startle …
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Exploring Distinct Aspects of Shame and Guilt: Can Startle Reflex Modification Differentiate Shame from Guilt?
… system yields attenuation of the defensive startle reflex, but that activation of the withdrawal motivation system augments the startle reflex. Thus, approach-related guilt and withdrawal-related shame should attenuate and augment the startle magnitude, respectively. To test this prediction, …
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Acoustic Startle Response in High and Low Hostiles Before And After A Cold Pressor Task
… control would also be evident in the Acoustic Startle Response (ASR). In this experiment, high- and low-hostile undergraduate men (N = 40) were exposed to a series of startle probes before and after a cold pressor (CP). Startle responses were measured using electromyography (EMG) recorded over …
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Prenatal stress alters fear-conditioned behaviors and the response to serotonergic drugs
… stressed (PS) rats, most notably the acoustic startle response and behavioral inhibition (i.e. freezing). PS rats do not differ in baseline peak startle responding, or in the habituation of the peak startle response when compared to the non-prenatally stressed (CON) rats. However, PS rats have …
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Studies of generalized worry in college students
… system was probed using the acoustic startle response, and startle modification by visually presented words was used to quantify threat perception across various stages of information processing. Chronic high worriers exhibited word-induced startle facilitation at all stages of …
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AN EXAMINATION OF CHANGES IN THE SOUND ENVIRONMENT AS MODULATORS OF THE HUMAN ACOUSTIC STARTLE RESPONSE IN CONTROL AND TINNITUS SAMPLES
… goal of this project was to determine whether a startle reflex paradigm could be used as a detector of tinnitus symptoms. The startle response is a brainstem reflex, initiated by sudden change in the environment. Responses can be facilitated by embedding a startle stimulus in background noise, or …
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