Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 134 for “"sputum"”.
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Newer and novel sputum versus non-sputum-based tools for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis in different patient sub-populations
… cost-efficient diagnostic strategy incorporating sputum and LAM (lipoarabinomannan) for the detection of TB (chapter 1). 2) Smear-negative TB: Independent confirmation on the performance of the more sensitive Xpert Ultra (Cepheid MTB/RIF Ultra) in sputum archived samples (chapter 2). 3) …
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A novel cough aerosol sampling device for sputum-scarce individuals with tuberculosis
… a 50% mortality rate. TB diagnostics require a sputum sample to conduct tests to confirm the presence of Mtb but more than 15% of patients have difficulty producing this sample. A cough aerosol sampling system (CASS) can collect aerosol droplet samples for testing when sputum sampling is not …
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Image segmentation and object classification for automatic detection of tuberculosis in sputum smears
… the workload of laboratory technicians screening sputum smears for tuberculosis (TB), in order to improve screening in countries with a heavy burden of TB. As a step in the development of such a microscope, the project described here was concerned with the extraction and identification of TB …
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Autofocusing and image segmentation in microscopy for automatic detection of tuberculosis in sputum smears
… of TB bacilli in Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stained sputum smears. The microscope consists of a digital camera, motorised stages, and will have an on-board processor containing the algorithms for autofocusing the microscope and for automatically identifying TB bacteria on the slides. This thesis …
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The Microbiome of Cystic Fibrosis Sputum and its Association with Incident Lower Airway Infections
… decline. This thesis aimed to explore the CF sputum microbiome of persons with CF (pwCF) uninfected with these pathogens and to determine if the risk of future acquisition and persistence of these pathogens is linked to microbiome structure and composition. Individuals who experienced an …
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Airway inflammation, diagnosis, perception of asthma, and sputum zinc levels in a community cohort.
Induced sputum examination (IS), an established research tool to measure airway inflammation (AI), is normally confined to specialised institutions and selected populations with airway disease, especially asthma. This thesis examines the role of IS in the diagnosis of asthma in a community. The …
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Approaches to the diagnosis of smear-negative and sputum-scarce TB in South Africa
… setting, the burden of smear-negative (SN) and sputum-scarce (SS) TB is a major public health catastrophe. Diagnostic delay or failure is a key bottleneck. We hypothesised that i) assisted sputum smpling using sputum induction (SI), and ii) the use of the newer diagnostic tools (Xpert MTB/RIF …
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Outcome of Tuberculosis treatment in sputum positive patients after eight months of anti-tuberculosis therapy
… out the outcome of tuberculosis treatment in Sputum Positive Patients after eight months anti-tuberculosis treatment. Observation and literature review has shown that there has been an increase in the number of tuberculosis patients since 1980 .A large proportion of this increase has been …
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Outcome of Tuberculosis treatment in sputum positive patients after eight months of anti-tuberculosis therapy
… out the outcome of tuberculosis treatment in Sputum Positive Patients after eight months anti-tuberculosis treatment. Observation and literature review has shown that there has been an increase in the number of tuberculosis patients since 1980 .A large proportion of this increase has been …
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Detection of Pepsin in the Sputum/Saliva for Diagnosing Atypical Manifestations of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
… determine whether measurement of pepsin in the sputum/saliva could be useful for diagnosing atypical GERD manifestations. METHODS: Patients with clinically suspected atypical GERD symptoms provided sputum/saliva collected before bed,at the time of symptoms,and after awakening for pepsin …
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Segmentation of candidate bacillus objects in images of Ziehl-Neelsen-stained sputum smears using deformable models
… for the detection of tuberculosis (TB) in sputum smears seeks to address the strain on technicians and to achieve faster diagnosis in order to cope with the rising number of TB cases. Image processing techniques provide a useful alternative to the conventional, manual analysis of sputum …
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Nutritional modeling of bacterial infections : physiology and metabolism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa during growth in cystic fibrosis sputum
… chronic infection within the CF lung, where the sputum accumulation characteristic of CF provides a complex and copious growth substrate. P. aeruginosa can grow to high densities in vivo (>10⁹ cells/ml lung sputum), and exacerbations associated with P. aeruginosa high density in vivo growth are …
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Autophagy mechanisms in sputum and peripheral blood cells of patients with severe asthma: a new therapeutic target
… asthma. Objective: We compared autophagy in the sputum granulocytes, peripheral blood cells (PBCs), and peripheral blood eosinophils (PBEs) between patients with severe asthma and those with non-severe asthma and investigated the functional effects of autophagy. Methods: We enrolled 36 patients …
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Creating a virtual slide map from sputum smear images for region-of-interest localisation in automated microscopy
… for the detection of tuberculosis (TB) in sputum smears seeks to address the strain on technicians in busy TB laboratories and to achieve faster diagnosis in countries with a heavy TB burden. As a step in the development of an automated microscope, the project described here was concerned …
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Experiences of registered nurses of their role in carrying out the induced sputum procedure in diagnosing childhood Tuberculosis
… of their role with regard to the induced sputum procedure to diagnose childhood TB.
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Identification of potential pathogens of pneumonia in sputum samples from adult patients at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka
… from March 2014 to August 2014. A total of 312 sputum samples from adults suspected of pneumonia were cultured and of which 146 samples were also analysed by PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done on bacterial isolates according to Clinical Laboratory Standards International guidelines. …
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Identification of potential pathogens of pneumonia in sputum samples from adult patients at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka
… from March 2014 to August 2014. A total of 312 sputum samples from adults suspected of pneumonia were cultured and of which 146 samples were also analysed by PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done on bacterial isolates according to Clinical Laboratory Standards International guidelines. …
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A cost effectiveness analysis of different ways of analyzing sputum for turberculosis diagnosis: direct smear microscopy, natural sedimentation and centrifugation
In Malawi, sputum smear microscopy (Ziehl-Neelsen) is a major diagnostic technique for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Though relatively rapid, it tends to be poorly sensitive since it requires a large number of organisms to be present in the specimen before they can be detected. Two approaches that …
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MACROPHAGE IRON CONTENT AND EXACERBATIONS OF COPD
… study showed that higher iron content in sputum macrophages was associated with infectious exacerbations. Objectives: The thesis aimed to assess the mechanisms of pulmonary macrophage iron sequestration, test the effect of macrophage iron-loading on bacterial uptake and killing, and …
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