Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 23 for “"specificity and affinity"”.
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Leveraging Antibodies for Positron Emission Tomography and Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Cancer
<p>The high specificity and affinity of antibodies make them attractive for developing drugs to diagnose and treat cancer. The overarching goal of this work is to explore the synthesis and use of antibody-based imaging agents in preclinical models of cancer. This work can be described as two-fold. …
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The characterisation of the peanut agglutinin an evolved plant lectin, with improved specificity to the Thompson Freidenriech antigen
… binding protein, is able to recognise and bind a number of distinct carbohydrate structures that have been implicated in a number of disease pathologies in humans. In vitro studies of PNA have previously been shown to have some specificity for the Thomson Freidenriech antigen …
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How short, degenerate motifs across the human proteome recognize the actin remodeling factor ENAH
… that occur between short linear motifs (SLiMs) and structured domains. SLiMs are stretches of 3-10 residues found in intrinsically disordered regions of proteins. Given their degeneracy, short length, and weak affinities, it is not immediately clear how such low complexity interaction elements …
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Hapten Binding by Lymphocyte Surface Immunoglobulin and the Subsequent Implications for Affinity Maturation
… immunoglobulin (smIg) in the elicitation of affinity maturation has been approached from a number of possible considerations. The salient features are summarized. First, retention time of antigen by membrane associated smIg involves assessment of geometric and probabilistic arguments, in …
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Rational Design and Application of Antibodies for Amylin and Amyloid Beta
Misfolded proteins and polypeptides such as amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide, IAPP) and amyloid beta are associated with numerous age-related pathological conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and type II diabetes, but effective treatments for these diseases are currently lacking. …
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Engineering and targeting glycan receptor binding of influenza A virus hemagglutinin
… Glycans terminating in Neu5Ac that is a2-6 and a2-3 linked to the penultimate galactose serve as receptors for human- and avian- adapted influenza A virus respectively. This thesis focuses on studying HA, glycan receptors and their interactions both in a biochemical and physiological context …
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Selective targeting to glioma with nucleic acid aptamers
… glioma are characterised by a rapid growth rate and high capacity for invasive infiltration to surrounding brain tissue, hence diagnosis and treatment is difficult, and patient survival is poor. Aptamers are small molecular ligands composed of short oligonucleotides that bind to a target with …
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Primary Structure and Solution Conditions Determine Conformational Ensemble Properties of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
… which are characterized by low hydrophobicity and high net charge per residue compared to folded proteins. Contradicting the classic structure-function paradigm, IDPs are capable of interacting with high specificity and affinity, often acquiring order in complex with protein and nucleic acid …
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A Global Experimental Analysis of Protein Function: A Case Study in the PDZ Domain
A complete understanding of the energetic architecture of a protein can be achieved only with a comprehensive description of the interaction of every amino acid with every other amino acid. Many efforts to understand the apparent complexity of protein function have attempted to address this problem …
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Human adaptation of avian influenza viruses
… are strains belonging to H5N1, H7N7, H7N2 and H9N2 subtypes that continue to circulate in birds worldwide and have on occasions caused infections in humans. A key step in influenza human adaptation is the accumulation of substitutions/mutations in the viral coat glycoprotein, hemagglutinin …
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Identification of malaria parasite-infected red blood cell aptamers by inertial microfluidics SELEX
… of life threatening cerebral malaria and pregnancy-associated malaria. The expression of specific Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) variants on the RBC surface is associated with severe disease, such as VAR2CSA-mediated placental sequestration during …
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Aptamers that bind SARS-CoV-2 spike protein for COVID-19 rapid diagnostics and therapeutics
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to severely impact healthcare and socioeconomic circumstances despite advances in rapid diagnostics and vaccines. One hurdle is the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, including the Omicron variant, which has enhanced infectivity …
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Signals for B cell activation in antibody response
… (GCs) are the sites where V-gene hypermutation and B cell selection are taking place. Testing specificity and affinity of GC B cell receptor by interaction with antigen on follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) may be an important selection process to select high affinity B cell clone. As antigen on …
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Glycan receptor binding determinants of Influenza A virus hemagglutinin
An understanding of the factors involved in the human adaptation of influenza A viruses is critical for various aspects of influenza preparedness, including the development of appropriate surveillance measures, preventive strategies and effective treatments. A key step in influenza human adaptation …
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The structural basis of chemokine binding affinity and receptor selectivity: Role of receptor N-terminal domain
Chemokines recruit leukocytes by binding and activating 7-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors present on the cell surface. Ligand-receptor interaction is complex and involves a broad range of affinities and selectivities. Furthermore, receptor binding involves interaction of both monomeric …
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Modular design of coiled coils to target bZIP transcription factors
… tissue differentiation, stress responses and the unfolded protein response, the cell cycle, and apoptosis. Understanding the genes and processes regulated by bZIPs is imperative for understanding different diseases including diabetes and cancer, but there is still much unknown about how …
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Molecular transport properties of sodium/dicarboxylate cotransporters
… acid cycle intermediates from the intestinal and renal tubular lumen. NaDC1 influences the homeostasis of citrate, which may be associated with the formation of kidney stones. The studies in this dissertation focused on two aspects of NaDC1: the transport pathway of di-and tricarboxylates in …
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Rational design, characterization and in vivo studies of antibody mimics against HER2
… is a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase and plays a role in the signal pathways leading to cell proliferation and differentiation. Overexpression of HER2 is found in various cancers including breast, ovarian, gastric, colon, and non-small-cell lung cancers, which makes it an attractive …
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Aspects of autoantibody epitopes in type 1 diabetes
… (GADA), insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2A) and the most recently identified zinc T8 transporter (ZnT8A). Together or alone, they are important both to predict T1D and to classify diabetes at the time of clinical onset. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs13266634 in the SLC30A8 gene …
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Understanding and improving the anticancer activity of cisplatin
… purpose of this thesis is to further our understanding of the mechanism of action of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin), one of the most effective anticancer drugs. Since its serendipitous discovery in 1970, cisplatin has served to help cure testicular cancer and treat a variety of …
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