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Showing 1 to 20 of 52 for “"secretion systems"”.
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An analysis of selected secretion systems of Pseudomonas species
Direct secretion systems which deliver molecules from one cell to another have huge significance in shaping bacterial communities or in determining the outcome of bacterial associations with eukaryotic organisms. This work examines the roles of the Type III Secretion System (T3SS) and the Type VI …
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Contribution of Secretion Systems to Macrophage Polarization and Cell Death During Burkholderia pseudomallei Infection
… intracellular pathogen, B. pseudomallei uses secretion systems as primary virulence factors. The type 3 secretion system (T3SS) is used to escape the phagosome while the type 6 secretion system is responsible for cell-to-cell fusion and multinucleated giant cell (MNGC) formation. Both …
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Structural and Functional Characterization of SPOA Domains in Salmonella Typhimurium Type III Secretion Systems
… anti-infective therapeutic design. Type III secretion systems (T3SS) are employed by some gram-negative human pathogens to manipulate the host environment. One T3SS subtype, known as the "injectisome," delivers virulence factors directly into host cells. The other T3SS subtype secretes the …
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Development of Chimeric Type Iv Secretion Systems For Transfer of Heterologous Substrates Across The Gram-Negative Cell Envelope
<p>Many bacteria use Type IV Secretion Systems (T4SSs) to aid in pathogenesis by translocating virulence factors across the cell envelope and into eukaryotic cells. These systems are structurally and functionally diverse, but are often compared to the archetypal VirB/VirD4 T4SS of <em>Agrobacterium …
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Characterization of an exclusion mechanism in an integrative and conjugative element in Bacillus subtilis
… by mobile genetic elements encoding type IV secretion systems. Conjugative elements prevent redundant transfer by a mechanism known as exclusion that inhibits their cognate secretion systems. Exclusion is prevalent among conjugative elements, suggesting it is advantageous and potentially …
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The Role of Galectin-3 in Pathogen Sensing and Cell Autonomous Defense
… to subvert the host’s cell intrinsic defense systems. One common mechanism is the establishment of a pathogen vacuole (PV) which serves as a replicative niche for growth and shields the pathogen from many host surveillance systems. In order to effectively combat these pathogens, the host must …
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A Bioinformatics Analysis of Bacterial Type-III Secretion System Genes and Proteins
Type-III secretion systems (T3SSs) are responsible for the biosynthesis of flagella, and the interaction of many animal and plant pathogens with eukaryotic cells. T3SSs consist of multiple proteins which assemble to form an apparatus capable of exporting proteins through both membranes of …
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Secretion of the chitinolytic machinery in Serratia marcescens
There are six known secretion systems in Gram negative bacteria, referred to as Type 1 to Type 6 respectively, which are dedicated to moving substrate across the outer membrane. Secretion systems are broadly separated into those that move their substrate across the cell envelope in a single …
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Extracellular Contractile Injection Systems (eCIS) - Characterization of Conserved Phage Tail-like Structures in Streptomyces
Extracellular contractile injection systems (eCIS) are bacteriophage tail-like structures produced by bacteria that have been implicated in diverse interactions with eukaryotic cells. Despite their distribution across many bacteria and archaea they have been relatively understudied and are often …
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Small molecule inhibitors against enteric bacterial glycosyltransferases
… Pathogenic bacteria evolved to develop various secretion systems to deliver virulence proteins termed ‘effectors’. These virulence factors promote the invasion of pathogens as well as evasion of host innate immune response. Type III secretion system (T3SS) is one of the most complex secretion …
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Delivering Signal-Altering Bacterial Effector Proteins to Mammalian Cells Using Cell-Penetrating Peptide Technology
… evolved needle-like structures called Type III Secretion Systems (T3SS) that secrete signal-altering molecules into the host cell to interrupt signaling pathways that would otherwise lead to the elimination of the bacterial infection. These signal-altering molecules are known as bacterial …
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The structural characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha mating factor secretion signal for recombinant protein secretion in Pichia pastoris
… The most successful and commonly used secretion signal leader in Pichia pastoris has been the MAT α prepro secretion signal. However, limitations exist as some proteins cannot be secreted efficiently even with the MAT α prepro secretion signal. Some strategies to enhance secretion …
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Characterization of VIBRIO Parahaemolyticus-Induced Intestinal Inflammation in the Mouse
… V. parahaemolyticus utilizes a type III secretion system to inject effectors that disrupt signal transduction in eukaryotic hosts during infection. Herein, we describe an in vivo model of infection by V. parahaemolyticus using germfree mice. V. parahaemolyticus is recovered from the cecum …
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Use of an Inducible Promoter to Characterize Type IV Pili Homologues in Clostridium perfringens
… associated with type IV pili (TFP) and type II secretion systems. PilA2, PilA3, and PilA4 localized to the poles of the cells. PilA2 was expressed in the wildtype when <i>C. perfringens</i> was grown on agar plates, and the PilA3 mutant lacked a von Willebrand factor A domain-containing protein …
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Characterization of Novel Type VI Effectors of Acidovorax citrulli and Their Applicability to Biological Control of Plant Diseases
Bacterial secretion systems have been playing essential roles in modulating the microbiota of most ecological niches. Among a variety of secretion systems, the Type VI Secretion System (T6SS), a nanomachine widely distributed in Gram-negative bacteria, is gaining increasing attention due to its …
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Characterisation of the putative Type VII protein secretion system of <em>Streptomyces</em> spp
… encoding components of putative Type VII protein secretion systems (T7SSs). To investigate the role of these putative T7SSs in S. coelicolor and S. scabies, marked deletions were constructed in genes encoding core components of the machinery. Phenotypic analysis revealed that deletion of genes …
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Specificity and benefits of an exclusion mechanism for a mobile genetic element in Bacillus subtilis
… new hosts by conjugative transfer through Type 4 Secretion Systems (T4SSs) encoded in the ICE DNA, however unlike plasmids, ICEs are usually found integrated into the host chromosome except for immediately prior to, during and after conjugative transfer. Almost all plasmids and some ICEs have an …
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Virulence associated functions and vaccine potential of the burkholderia mallei type three secretion effector BopA
… of a polysaccharide capsule and presence of secretion systems as the only known mechanisms associated with virulence. Various gram-negative pathogens utilize a secretion system known as type III, which is used to deliver bacterial (effector) proteins into host cells to modulate immunological …
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