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Showing 1 to 20 of 46 for “"salinization"”.
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Contextualization and Sodium Diet Implications of Occoquan Reservoir Salinization
Freshwater salinization syndrome is a rising threat globally which results in increased ion concentrations in inland freshwaters. This syndrome threatens healthy aquatic ecosystems and can alter the perception of the potability of finished drinking water. The Occoquan Reservoir, located in Northern …
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Upstream Population Gradient Drives Freshwater Salinization in the Occoquan Watershed
Increased salinization of inland freshwater resources is present on a global scale, but is pro- gressing rapidly in the densely populated Mid-Atlantic United States. This phenomenon threatens aquatic health, ecosystem services and functionality, and can alter the percep- tion of potable drinking …
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Toward improved assessment of freshwater salinization as a benthic macroinvertebrate stressor
Salinization of freshwaters by human activities is of growing concern globally. Salt pollution can cause adverse effects to aquatic biodiversity, ecosystem function, ecosystem services, and human health. In many regions of the world, and in coal-mining-influenced streams of the temperate forests of …
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Ionic Characterization of Laundry Detergents: Implications for Consumer Choice and Inland Freshwater Salinization
… freshwater systems – also called the Freshwater Salinization Syndrome (FSS) – can have far-ranging implications for the natural and built environment, agriculture, and public health at large. Such risks are clearly on display in the Occoquan Reservoir – a drinking water source for roughly one …
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Effects of Freshwater Salinization and Associated Base Cations on Bacterial Ecology and Water Quality
Anthropogenic freshwater salinization, which is caused by numerous human activities including agriculture, urbanization, and deicing, impacts an estimated 37% of the contiguous drainage area in the United States. High salt concentrations in brackish and marine environments (~1,500 – 60,000 µS cm-1) …
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Integrating Taxonomic Meta-Analysis and Mussel Physiology to Assess Secondary Salinization in Appalachian Headwaters and Urban Streams
Secondary salinization from fertilizer application, mining, urbanization, and de-icing salts like sodium chloride (NaCl), is elevating chloride (Cl⁻) and sodium (Na⁺) in streams. While Cl⁻ effects on streams are well-studied, Na⁺ effects are less known. Elevated Cl⁻ levels in the environment can …
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Unveiling Causal Links, Temporal Patterns, and System-Level Dynamics of Freshwater Salinization Using Transit Time Distribution Theory
… resources, a phenomenon called the freshwater salinization syndrome (FSS). Simultaneously, the practice of indirect potable reuse (IPR) that augments critical water supplies with treated wastewater to enhance water security presents complexities in water quality management. This dissertation …
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Characterizing the Impact of Freshwater Salinization on Engineered Ecosystems: Implications for Performance, Resilience, and Self-Repair Through Phytoremediation
… application, which contributes to Freshwater Salinization Syndrome (FSS). Since limited research has connected direct measurement of soil and stormwater salinities to biodiversity and phytoremediation potential of salt-tolerant plant species, this thesis aimed to fill this gap. We selected a …
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Quantifying changes in macroinvertebrate community composition, biomass, and emergence in response to mining-induced salinization in central Appalachian streams
… diversity declines in response to mining-induced salinization and resulting changes to ecosystem processes remain largely unknown, such as how the availability and movement of macroinvertebrate biomass is altered in stream food webs. However, taxa observed are dependent upon sampling effort that …
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Evaluating the role of flow and specific conductivity on stream metabolism across a mining-induced salinity gradient in the Appalachian Coalfield
Freshwater salinization is a notable concern for headwater streams in Appalachia with the history of resource extraction in the region. Mountaintop removal/valley fill mining techniques in Appalachia result in the burial of headwater streams and mobilization of ions, specifically SO42-, Ca, and Mg …
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Hydrologic-economic modeling of irrigated agriculture in the Lower Murrumbidgee Catchment : investigations into sustainability
… policies designed to manage irrigation-induced salinization. The model incorporates hydrologically realistic representations of groundwater flow and soil salinization into an economic optimization framework. The sum of discounted net revenues from irrigation over the planning horizon is …
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Using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps to Engage Stakeholders in the Search for Solutions to Emerging Environmental Challenges
Inland freshwater salinization is an emerging environmental problem that threatens freshwater ecosystem health, agricultural productivity, and the sustainability, reliability, and safety of drinking water supplies around the world. This body of work focuses on the Occoquan Reservoir in Northern …
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Economic assessment of water management in agriculture: managing salinity and waterlogging in the Arkansas River basin and environmental water shortages in the Platte River basin
… addressing irrigation induced waterlogging and salinization in the Arkansas River Basin. Each essay integrates hydrologic modeling into the economic analysis to evaluate the effects of water management alternatives on agricultural production. In the first essay, Discrete Sequential Stochastic …
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Long-term management and discounting of groundwater resources with a case study of KukioÌ HawaiiÌ
… In Part I a groundwater mining and a dryland salinization optimal management problem are solved analytically, and used to examine the implications of how one values the future through discounting. Exponential and hyperbolic discounting functions are tested with the full range of discount rates …
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Temporal and longitudinal extent of surface coal mining influences on water quality and benthic macroinvertebrate communities in central Appalachian headwater streams
Increased loading of dissolved ions (salinization) and trace elements from surface coal mining is a common alteration to headwater streams in the central Appalachian region. However, temporal and spatial trends of water quality and associated influences on biota in these stream systems have not …
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A geochemical investigation into the occurrence and fate of nitrogen and phosphorus in the lower Oliphants River, Western Cape
… cultivated areas where irrigation farming pose a salinization and eutrophication risk to water bodies. A range of water quality problems is associated with eutrophication, which is generally controlled by the nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus. The lower Olifants River is situated in an arid region …
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The chemical response of deep, leached and weathered soils of the Mpumalanga Highveld, South Africa, to irrigation with saline mine water
… mm/year) region. In order to avoid undesirable salinization of the regional groundwater, it is necessary that soils immobilize, at least partially, the dissolved salt load of irrigation water.
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Soil Salinity Study in Northern Great Plains Sodium Affected Soil
… of the Northern Great Plains have increased the salinization and sodification risks. The objectives of this dissertation were to compare three chemical amendments (calcium chloride, sulfuric acid and gypsum) remediation strategies on water permeability and sodium (Na) transport in undisturbed …
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Macroinvertebrate Community Response to Spatial Patterns of Water Quality and Habitat within Mining-influenced Headwater Streams of Appalachia
… mining in central Appalachia often results in salinization of headwater streams, with documented responses in macroinvertebrate communities across streams that vary in specific conductance (SC), an index of degree of salinization. Mining-influenced headwater streams can also exhibit …
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A Regional Chemical Characterization and Analysis of Groundwater in Eastern Ontario
… the relative effects of recharge, ion exchange, salinization and organic breakdown on groundwater chemistry. Anomalous chemistry east of Ottawa (brackish-to-saline TDS; elevated water δ18O; elevated Na, Cl, I, CH4, pH, F) coincides with a major buried bedrock depression. Here, groundwater …
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