Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 44 for “"reproduction number"”.
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An SCIR Model of Meningococcal Meningitis
… of an endemic equilibrium and computation of the reproduction number, ℜ0 . Using a MATLAB program we simulate a time course of the model using parameters gathered from the World Health Organization. The numerical solution demonstrates that our reproduction number was correct. We thenconcluded that …
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Analyzing Cholera Dynamics in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Environments
… countries and the global increase in the number of reported outbreaks suggests that activities to control the diseases and surveillance programs to identify or predict the occurrence of the next outbreaks are not adequate. Mathematical models play a critical role in predicting and …
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Evaluating the Prevalence of Tick-Borne Viruses Circulating in Virginia Using a One-Health Approach
… estimate transmission parameters and the basic reproduction number underlying tick-borne virus distribution and prevalence via a mathematical model. Here, we discuss the known literature relevant to tick-borne virus emergence; we assessed the presence of specific neutralizing antibodies against …
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Using age of infection models to derive an explicit expression for Ro
… model, we derive an expression for the basic reproduction number, Ro. We apply this method to find Ro in analogous treatment models. We find, in the model without treatment, Ro depends only on the mean infective period, and not on the infective distribution. In treatment models, Ro depends on …
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Infectious Disease Surveillance Using Emerging Data Sources: Applications to Antimicrobial Resistance and COVID-19
… reductions with the COVID-19 growth rate and reproduction number during the first wave of the pandemic across 41 global cities. I found that a 10% decline in mobility was associated with a 12.2% reduction in weekly growth rate and a 0.058 decrease in the effective reproduction number. These …
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Structured deterministic models applied to malaria and other endemic diseases
… is reduced to an ODE model with aging. The basic reproduction number <em>R</em><sub>0</sub> is derived for both settings of the model. A novel assumption of the model based on biological evidence is that the infectiousness of chronic infected individuals can be triggered by bites from even …
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Incorporating the Pre-symptomatic Stage in the Discrete-Time Kermack-McKendrick Model
… models predicted lower peak sizes with the same reproduction number and initial growth rate than models in which the latent, pre-symptomatically infectious and symptomatically infectious periods have fixed duration.
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Mathematical model for tripledemic disease (COVID-19, RSV, and Influenza)
… estimate transmission rates, compute the basic reproduction number, forecast infections, and analyze seasonal variations and comparative transmission dynamics among the three diseases. Our models are applied to seasonal weekly rate cases reported by the CDC from fifteen sites across the United …
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A cholera model linking between-host, within-host and environmental disease dynamics
… Free Equilibrium) by calculation of the Basic Reproduction number R_0, when applicable, and the existence and uniqueness of a positive EE (Endemic Equilibrium) solution. We also discuss the conditions needed to achieve local and global stability in each system. Finally, we combine the three …
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Impact of lockdown on COVID-19 transmission dynamics in Botswana : a mathematical modeling study.
… Model simulations were conducted to estimate the number of cumulative cases without intervention, with lockdown alone as well as in combination with contact tracing. Furthermore, the model was used to estimate the impact of lockdown on reproduction number. According to the model projections, 4362 …
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Tuberkuliozės matematinis modelis su netiesine gydymo funkcija /
… if an infection can be eradicated. The basic reproduction number $R_0$ is the average number of new infections generated by one infectious individual. While in most epidemiological models it is sufficient to decrease $R_0$ to below unity, in the SEIR model bistability may occur and different …
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Multi-scale and multi-group modeling techniques applied to Cholera and COVID-19
… In particular, we find that the between-host reproduction number is shaped by the collection of the disease risk factors from all the individual host groups. These multi-patch techniques are used to present a model of the United States outbreak of COVID-19 during the summer of 2020. The …
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Mathematical Models and Stability Analysis of Cholera Dynamics
… [60] in 2010. We formally derive the basic reproduction number <em>R</em>0 for each model by computing the spectral radius of the next generation matrix. We focus our attention on the stability analysis at the disease-free equilibrium which determines the short-term epidemic behavior, and …
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A Stochastic Model for The Transmission Dynamics of Toxoplasma Gondii
… parameter analyses are conducted based on the reproduction number. The analyses based on the deterministic model are verified by stochastic simulation near the thresholds of the parameters.
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Mathematical models for Tuberculosis spread in humans
… policies for decision making. The basic reproduction number for each model is calculated by using the next generation method and conditions for disease elimination/persistence are determined. Numerical simulation results show that for the first model, R0 > 1; implying that the …
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Lyapunovfunctions in epidemiological modeling
… demonstrates the construction of the basic reproduction number for the SEIR model, and it is shown that the disease-free equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable ifR0 <1, but unstable ifR0 >1. Furthermore, a Lyapunov function is constructed for the Vector-Host model to study the global …
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Modelling HPV Vaccination and Screening Strategies to Optimize Treatment
… vaccination are essential in lowering the basic reproduction number.
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Modeling the Effects of Drugs of Abuse on HIV Infections with Two Viral Species
… Replication of HIV may result in a large number of mutant viruses that can escape recognition of the hosts immune response. Experimental results have shown that the presence of morphine can decrease the viral mutation rate and cellular immune responses. This thesis presents a mathematical …
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A Hybrid Modeling Approach to Assess the Efficacy of Control Measures on Paratuberculosis on U.S. Dairy Farms
… on the spread of disease. Using the basic reproduction number, the infection risk in cattle in each pen and the entire farm was calculated. It is shown that the overall infection risk is substantially reduced when the average residence time and the population size in high risk pens are …
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Fuel Shortages During Hurricanes: Epidemiological Modeling and Optimal Control
… of initial stages of the evacuation. The Basic Reproduction number (R0) value is then varied to produces predictive trends and the optimal refueling strategy is applied to these probable fuel shortage trends to demonstrate possible countermeasures.</p>
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