Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 23 for “"relative biological effectiveness"”.
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Modeling Proton Relative Biological Effectiveness Using Monte Carlo Simulations of Microdosimetry
… therapy is also known to offer an enhanced relative biological effectiveness (RBE) compared to photons. In the current clinical standard, RBE is fixed at 1.1 at all points along the proton beam, meaning protons are assumed to require 10% less dose than photons to achieve target coverage and …
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Fast neutron relative biological effectiveness determination via proton bombardment of V79 cells
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 1999.
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Towards measuring the relative biological effectiveness of high-energy neutrons at iThemba LABS
… exploration requires the quantification of the biological effects of neutrons, and in the current radiation protection framework this is achieved via measure-ments of the neutron Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE). The current deficiency of experimental data regarding the biological effects …
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Uncertainty In The Physical Basis of Estimates of Relative Biological Effectiveness In Carbon Radiotherapy
… A unique benefit of this therapy is the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of the beam (i.e., how biologically potent carbon ions are as compared to x-rays), which is significantly elevated. This RBE also varies as a function of many parameters, and there are currently several models …
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Quantifying Uncertainty In A Measurement-Based Assessment of Relative Biological Effectiveness In Carbon Ion Radiotherapy
… carbon ion therapy is due to uncertainties in relative biological effectiveness (RBE), a value that is calculated via one of several clinically implemented algorithms. This study investigates the uncertainty in measured microdosimetric parameters for RBE calculation by the Microdosimetric …
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Establishment of the Physical and Technical Prerequisites for the Determination of the Relative Biological Effectiveness of Low-energy Monochromatic X-rays
… importance of soft X-rays for fundamental radiobiological research is based on the fact, that all species of ionizing radiation produce a wide spectrum of secondary electrons, mainly responsible for the primary damage to be transformed into an observable radiobiological effect. By variation of …
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Challenging the Rigor of Alpha/Beta and Relative Biological Effectiveness in Tumor Contorl [sic] Probability Determinations via In Silico Modeling That Incorporates Individualized Biological and Physiological Data
… radiotherapy. Furthermore, the determination of relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values for charged particles is based upon the survival response of a very limited number of mammalian cell lines. Such potential discrepancies in the determination, or even the utility of, the LQ parameters …
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Biological dosimetry of neutron beams for neutron capture therapies
… This thesis presents the first combined biological and physical dosimetry interbeam comparison data of three neutron beams used in boron neutron capture therapies: the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Brookhaven National Laboratory epithermal neutron beam facilities …
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Evaluation of Radiobiological Effects in Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy : New Strategies for Inverse Treatment Planning
… (IMPT) usually disregards variations of the relative biological effectiveness (RBE). To investigate the potential clinical relevance of a variable RBE for beam scanning techniques, new strategies for the evaluation of radiobiological effects and for the incorporation of the RBE into the …
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Radiobiology of normal rat lung in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
… Energy Transfer (LET) radiation with differing biological effectiveness. This project investigated the radiobiology of normal rat lung in BNCT and measured the relative biological effectiveness factors for the lung. Rat thorax irradiations were carried out with x-rays and neutrons with or …
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Dosimetric characterization of a miniature x-ray source for biophysics studies
… X-Ray beams with the aim of investigating the relative biological effectiveness of low energy electrons. The scope of this study is to design and characterize low energy X-Ray beams, suitable for biophysical experiments using Gafchromic’s XR-QA2 radiochromic film and Standard Imaging’s A-20 …
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Irradiators for measuring the biological effects of low dose-rate ionizing radiation fields
Biological response to ionizing radiation differs with radiation field. Particle type, energy spectrum, and dose-rate all affect biological response per unit dose. This thesis describes methods of spectral analysis, dosimetry, biological assays, and mathematical modeling for determining the …
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Assessing The Potential Clinical Impact of Variable Biological Effectiveness In Proton Radiotherapy
… known that proton radiotherapy has an increased biological effectiveness compared to traditional x-ray radiotherapy. This arises from the clustered nature of DNA damage produced by the energy deposition of protons along their tracks in medium. This effect is currently quantified in clinical …
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The Importance of Dna Repair Capacity to (And A Model to Predict) Cell Radiosensitivity to Ions
… favorable depth-dose distributions, greater relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and a lesser dependence on a number of biological factors known to affect radiosensitivity to photons, including DNA repair capacity. Thus, it is expected that an additional benefit of using ions is that they …
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Radiogenic Second Cancer Risk Differences In Female Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Treated With Proton Versus Photon Radiotherapies
… the healthy tissue surrounding the tumor volume relative to the general population. These RSCs are the leading cause of death among long-term HL survivors. Proton therapy has been shown to reduce the therapeutic dose, and therefore, the risk of developing a RSC, to healthy tissue relative to HL …
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High-Throughput Mapping of The Biological Effects of Particle Therapy
… to have linear energy transfer (LET) specific relative biological effectiveness (RBE) when compared to photons. It is essential to employ accurate biophysical models for particle beams in order to maximize the therapeutic potential of particle therapy through the introduction of biologically …
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Scanned Ion Beam Therapy For Thoracic Tumors
… carbon-ion therapy can sometimes provide greater relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for cell sterilization in a target but nearly equivalent RBE in tissue upstream of the target, compared to proton therapy. Thus, we expected that for some patients with Hodgkin lymphoma, carbon-ion therapy …
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Monte Carlo simulations, in vitro and in vivo experimental verifications for preclinical studies
… up such small animal experiments, various biological, technical and methodical aspects have to be considered. Development and standardization of in vitro and in vivo models can increase the predictability of the antitumoral drug or radiation response and be used as a good tool for …
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Development of Lineal Energy Spectrum-Based Biological Effects Models for Protons
… mathematical formulation of a mathematical radiobiological model for the prediction of the biological effects of protons began. Using previously gathered clonogenic cell survival response data of H460, H1437, U87, and AGO cell lines following proton irradiation, mathematical models describing the …
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Improving Dose-Response Correlations For Locally Advanced Nsclc Patients Treated With Imrt Or Pspt
… We hypothesized that more accurate estimates of biologically effective dose distributions actually delivered, achieved through (a) dose accumulation using deformable registration of weekly 4DCT images acquired over the course or radiotherapy and (b) the incorporation of variable relative …
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