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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"prostanoid"”.
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The FP prostanoid receptor: Isoforms and functional studies
… number of species. Based on the cloning of other prostanoid receptors, we hypothesized that isoforms, or alternative splice variants of the FP receptor that differed in their functional coupling might exist. Using a corpus luteum library, we cloned a novel, truncated form of the FP prostanoid …
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Genetic Polymorphism of Prostanoid Receptors, CRTH2 and TBXA2R in Aspirin Hypersensitivity
… AIA and AIAU in an association with prostanoids receptor CRTH2 and TBXA2R. The human CRTH2 gene (official name GPR44) encodes a G protein-coupled chemoattractant receptor molecule which is expressed on Th2 cells including other allergy related cells like eosinophils, basophils and …
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Identification of the Pla2 Responsible For Prostanoid Synthesis in Response to Inflammatory Cytokines
… as well as regulating the basal levels of this prostanoid. Furthermore, cPLA2γ, cPLA2δ, and iPLA2 were found to also to regulate the basal levels of PGE2 production. On the other hand, cPLA2β was not involved in prostanoid synthesis in A549 cells either in the presence or absence of inflammatory …
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Prostanoid-mediated Inhibition of IL-6 Trans-Signalling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: a Role for Suppressor of Cytokine Signalling 3?
… also be induced by cAMP. This is interesting as prostanoids, a type of drug used in the treatment of PAH due to its vasodilator effects and the only type to show any efficacy improving the life expectancy of PAH patients, acts by mobilising cAMP. Thus, prostanoid stimulation of cAMP could …
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Regulation of Endogenous Excitatory Neurotransmitters by Isoprostanes
… in the vitreous humor.|To investigate whether prostanoid production is involved in the inhibitory effect of 8-isoPGE2, eyeballs were pretreated with either flurbiprofen, a nonselective COX inhibitor; NS-398, a selective COX-2 inhibitor or furegrelate, a thromboxane (Tx) synthase inhibitor. All …
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A synthesis of prostaglandins.
… intermediates (including one bearing an alpha-prostanoid side chain) were converted in high yield over two steps to the desired alpha-diketodithianes thus improving a dangerous non-flexible literature procedure. These compounds underwent a cyclization reaction with appropriate vinyl phosphonium …
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Symptom Burden and Healthcare Utilization in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
… these medications. Patients on intravenous prostanoid therapy had more emergency department visits (p < .001) and hospitalizations (p = .049) compared to patients not on intravenous prostanoid medications. Implications: Patients with PAH experience heavy SB. Patients with heavier reported SB …
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The influence of the hormonal milieu on eicosanoid and cytokine production in tissues from the female reproductive tract.
… PGF2¿ and Thromboxane A2 (TXA2), also termed prostanoids, are synthesised and deactivated to 15-keto PGE2, J2 metabolites, 6-keto-PGF1¿, 15-keto PGF2¿ and TXB2 respectively. However, not all metabolites have been analysed simultaneously within the same tissue. The primary objective of this …
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The effect of eicosapentaenoic acid on brain and platelet produced bioactive lipid mediators. The effect of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids on the eicosanoids and endocannabinoids produced by rat brain and human platelets using electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry-based analysis.
… AA can be converted by cyclooxygenase (COX) to prostanoids and by lipoxygenase (LOX) to hydroxy fatty acids. PUFA can also be converted to ethanolamides in the brain. These mediators are involved in physiological and pathological processes in many bodily systems. The purpose of this study was to …
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Effect of Prostaglandin E2 on the Expression of Adhesion Molecules in Mouse Cerebrovascular Endothelial Cells
… is known to be the principal pro-inflammatory prostanoid and play an important role in brain disease through binding to four G protein-coupled receptor (EP1-4). However, there have been contradictory reports on its actions in inflammation processes. For instance, PGE2 inhibits or stimulates …
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Production of prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane A2 by rat liver macrophages and involvement of nitric oxide and cytokines in mediator pathways under inflammatory conditions
… mediators in the liver. Among them there are prostanoids (prostaglandin (PG) E2 and thromboxane (Tx) A2), cytokines (e.g. interleukin (IL)-1,-6, -10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α) and inorganic mediators like nitric oxide (NO). Macrophages-derived products play opposing roles in the …
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The Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Prostaglandin E₂ in Myogenesis
… PGE₂ signaling through its G protein-coupled E prostanoid (EP) receptors is essential for skeletal muscle development or regeneration. Murine skeletal muscle cell line C2C12 was used as a model to test this hypothesis. The first part of the project is concerned with the role of PGE₂ in myogenic …
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Characterization of the airway epithelial bioelectric mechanisms associated with the effects of epithelium-derived relaxing factor in guinea pig-isolated trachea
… epithelium releases the non-nitric oxide, non-prostanoid, epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF), which subsequently diffuses to the underlying airway smooth muscle to initiate relaxation. Hypertonicity-induced smooth muscle relaxation via EpDRF involves epithelial Na+ and Cl- channels and …
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Expression von pro- und antiinflammatorischen Zytokinen in Kupfferzellen der Rattenleber unter Normal- und Entzündungsbedingungen
… beobachtet werden. Auch das proinflammatorische Prostanoid PGD2 wurde in der LPS-Ratte unter der langfristigen in-vitro-LPS-Behandlung geringer als in der Kontrollratte exprimiert.Eine Endotoxintoleranz von Makrophagen und Monozyten nach repetitiven LPS-Reizen wurde beschrieben. Während ein …
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The Prostaglandin E2 Receptor Subtype 3E and its involvement in tauopathies
… models of disease. PGE2 signals via 4 E-prostanoid (EP) receptors, EP1-EP4, all G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR). The EP3 receptor, the most abundant PGE2 receptor in the brain, is unique in that it is alternatively spliced giving rise to species specific isoforms. One of the EP3 …
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Cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandins in human endometrial function
… enzyme products on expression of prostanoid receptors such as EP2/EP3. During the course of my PhD, numerous reports were published implicating cyclooxygenase-2 and its products in angiogenesis through the expression of angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, …
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Charakterisierung von Prostanoidrezeptoren an Podozyten der Maus
Prostaglandine sind an der Regulation wichtiger glomerulärer Funktionen beteiligt und spielen eine Rolle in der Pathogenese glomerulärer Erkrankungen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit sollte der Einfluss verschiedener Prostaglandine auf das Membranpotential, die Ionenleitfähigkeit, cAMP Akkumulation und …
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A Missing link between lipid metabolism, inflammation and apoptosis: Phospholipase A2-activating protein (PLAA)
Phospholipase A2-Activating Protein (PLAA) is a novel signaling molecule that regulates the production of arachidonic acid (AA), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and TNF-¦Á. Literature suggests that PLAA could be involved in inflammatory responses and apoptosis. However, the in situ function of PLAA is …
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Characterization of signalling cross-talk between the EP2 and FP receptors in endometrial epithelial cells
… the expression of COX enzymes, EP1, EP2 and EP4 prostanoid receptors and prolactin were not significantly altered while the EP3 subtype receptor was significantly down-regulated in fibroids compared to adjacent myometrium samples. The EP3 receptor has a protective role in tumor development …
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Einschränkung hepatischer Abwehrreaktionen während einer Entzündung durch Prostaglandin E2 über Gs-Protein-gekoppelte Prostaglandin E2-Rezeptoren
… Kupfferzellen setzen neben Cytokinen auch Prostanoide frei, die an der Modulation der Akutphase-Antwort beteiligt sind. Prostanoide vermitteln ihre Effekte auf die Zielzellen über heptahelikale Transmembran-Rezeptoren. Prostanoidrezeptoren werden differentiell in den verschiedenen Zelltypen …