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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 for “"proactive interference"”.
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Proactive Interference and Directed Forgetting in Short-Term Motor Memory
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-12T01:12:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 7411962.pdf: 2960074 bytes, checksum: 4464c45c0464e383a817d2c722056fae (MD5) Previous issue date: 1973
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The Mechanisms of Proactive Interference and Their Relationship with Working Memory
… of WM capacity is the ability to resolve interference of previously encoded but no longer relevant information (proactive interference: PI). Four different mechanisms of PI resolution involving binding and inhibition have been proposed in the literature, although debate continues regarding …
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Effects of Emotional Content on Working Memory Updating: Proactive Interference and Resolution
… to be used for goal-directed behavior. Proactive interference (PI) is often experienced when information to be processed shares physical properties with information that is no longer relevant. The working memory system may then process such information less efficiently (i.e., slower …
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A dual-route model of proactive interference in working memory and its application in schizotypy
Proactive interference (PI), the negative impact of previously encoded information on the ability to represent current information that is similar in some way, has recently been shown to impair working memory (WM) performance. In this thesis, two types of interference were separated, one related to …
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Controlling memory and resolving interference : prefrontal contributions to flexible behavior
… that behavioral switch costs may derive from proactive interference due to the facilitated retrieval of irrelevant competitors from long-term memory and (2) the consistent finding of activation in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) during task switching. These observations motivate the …
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Inhibitory control mechanisms and their role in task switching: A multi-methodological approach
… inhibition, which involves resolving interference from dominant responses or distractors in the external environment, is different from resistance to proactive interference (PI), which involves overcoming interference from previously relevant representations in memory. Using aging, …
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Olfactory short term memory: understanding perceptual representations of odours and the role of encoding strategies in working memory.
… provided a first examination of item-specific proactive interference effects in a memory task, which showed absent proactive interference effects for low verbalisability odours and which supports mediation of an olfactory representation through odour verbalisability. It was suggested that a …
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Updating of representations in working memory
… that working memory contents are protected from proactive interference of long-term memory contents.
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ACT-R Based Models For Learning Interactive Layouts
… for the combined effect of practice, decay, proactive interference and mental effort on task completion time while practicing target acquisition on an interactive layout. The model can quantitatively compare a set of layouts in terms of the mental effort expended to learn them. My first model …
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Characterizing Task-Switching Performance in Adults with ADHD
… of task-set reconfiguration or the influence of proactive interference. To test this idea, performance on a voluntary task-switching paradigm that manipulated the response-to-stimulus interval (RSI) and an operation span task (OSPAN), as well as self-reported executive functioning deficits, were …
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The role of recursive remindings on memory updating of emotional stimuli
… memories are subject to greater levels of proactive interference. This explanation was questioned in this paper and another explanation – the recursive reminding hypothesis (Hintzman, 2004) was considered. This hypothesis was used to explain the previous findings by suggesting that the …
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Spatial Learning and Memory, Cognitive Flexibility, and Rule-Learning in Food-Caching Mountain Chickadees (Poecile gambeli) Across an Elevational Gradient
… in nonhuman animals in the wild. Moreover, proactive interference associated with learned associations from two cognitive tasks appeared to influence subsequent foraging decisions and varied with individual cognitive ability on two spatial tasks. Altogether, these results provide new insight …
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Age Differences in Proactive Facilitation and Interference: The Role of Remindings
… produce these differences are those in which proactive interference: PI) occurs. PI refers to impaired memory for new information as a result of previous learning of competing information. However, research has shown that PI situations can sometimes be facilitative to memory performance for …
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A Model of Scaffolded Encoding
… including list strength effect, output interference, proactive interference and proactive facilitation, from multiple retrieval tasks.</p>
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Dynamic Effects of Stress and Hostility: Group Differences in Cardiovascular Regulation and Learning
… that negative affective learning produced proactive interference for the learning or recall of subsequently presented information. Positive affective learning produced diametrically opposite effects with retroactive interference for the recall of previously presented information. Also, …
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Foraging memory: Retrieving words from one and from two semantic categories
… a production benefit driven by a release of proactive interference (time-out benefit); a production cost caused by the additional mental load of executing an autonomous switching strategy (executive-decision cost); and sub-optimal allocation of time between categories. Experiment 1 tested …
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Verbal Learning and Memory in Adults with Mild, Moderate and Severe Closed Head Injury
… after a delay. All groups were affected by proactive interference.</p> <p>On the WMS, head injured groups demonstrated a lower MQ than controls. On the Logical Memory subtest, moderate and severe groups recalled fewer idea units than controls. All groups showed sensitivity to the semantic …
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Predicting Future Age-Related Cognitive Delcine: Processing Speed and Frontal Lobe Functioning
… working memory, inhibitory processing, and interference RT measures in predicting future performance 6-16 years later (N=103) on (1) mental status (Blessed Information-Memory-Concentration, Mini-Mental State Examination), and prefrontal mediated neuropsychological tests (Trail Making A and …
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Cuing to forget and short-term organization
… be utilized in directing retrieval and reducing proactive interference. Unfortunately, none of the predictions of this hypothesis were supported, although a number of procedural and methodological criticisms may be entertained post hoc. Experiments 3 and 4 focussed on replicating the original …