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Showing 1 to 20 of 68 for “"posttranslational modification"”.
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Novel Posttranslational Modification In Lkb1 Activation and Function
<p>Cancer cells display dramatic alterations in cellular metabolism to meet their needs of increased growth and proliferation. In the last decade, cancer research has brought these pathways into focus, and one emerging issue that has come to attention is that many oncogenes and tumor-suppressors …
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Expression And Characterization Of Mycobacterium Paratuberculosis 19kda With Posttranslational Modification
Despite the fact that E. coli supports limited posttranslational modification, this bacterium has been universally used as the expression system of choice. Expression of modified proteins in E. coli may lead to expression of recombinant proteins that lack essential immunomodulatory or catalytic …
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Dhhc5 Regulates Beta-Adrenergic Signaling In The Heart Through Palmitoylation of G Alpha Proteins
<p>S-palmitoylation is a reversible posttranslational modification that plays an important role in regulating protein localization, trafficking, and stability. Recent studies have shown that some proteins undergo extremely rapid palmitoylation/depalmitoylation cycles after cellular stimulation …
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New chemical and biosynthetic methodologies for the study of lanthipeptides
… products involves ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs). One of the largest classes of RiPPs is the lanthionine-containing peptides (lanthipeptides), which are characterized by intramolecular thioether crosslinks dubbed lanthionine (Lan) and methyllanthionine …
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Systemic analysis of changes in protein modification and gene coexpression networks in cancer
Perturbed posttranslational modification (PTM) landscapes and gene expression networks commonly cause pathological phenotypes. To elucidate altered PTM landscapes on a large scale, disease-associated mutations from TCGA, Uniprot, and dbSNP were integrated with PTM sites from PhosphoSitePlus. We …
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Regulation of the Heterochromatin Protein 1 by Phosphorylation of Histone H3 and the HP1 Hinge Domain
… of genetic information in all eukaryotic cells. Posttranslational modification of histones, such as acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation, regulates various DNA-dependent processes, ranging from transcription to replication, DNA repair, and apoptosis. A key mechanism by which histone …
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The isolation and characterisation of Transglutaminase 2 inhibitors from natural sources
… of different catalytic activities including; the posttranslational modification of proteins by the formation of ɛ-(ƴ-glutamyl) lysine cross links between two or more proteins, the incorporation of polyamine into proteins and the deamidation of protein bound glutamine to glutamate. In coeliac …
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Characterization of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Serine-600 Phosphorylation
… can be through protein-protein interactions and posttranslational modifications. A connection with eNOS and the cell cycle has begun to form with recent research identifying eNOS as a substrate of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK). CDKs are one of the regulatory elements in cell cycle progression …
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The Role of Tyrosine Phosphorylation In The Functions of The Tumor Suppressor Gprc5A
… that the GPRC5A protein may be inactivated by posttranslational modification(s) such as phosphorylation. It is well established that Serine/Threonine phosphorylation of G protein coupled receptors leads to their desensitization and in a few cases Tyrosine phosphorylation of GPCRs has been …
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The Effects of Chronic Ethanol on GABA Receptors in the Nonhuman Primate Brain
… but that its effects are dependent on circuitry. Posttranslational modification may occur to account for differences seen between gene expression and receptor binding density results seen here.
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Global identification of SUMO modification sites
Posttranslational modification by Small Ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) affects the behaviour of proteins involved in diverse cellular processes and is indispensable for cell survival. Proteomic studies have identified hundreds of putative targets of SUMO conjugation, but understanding the …
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Enhanced protein degradation by branched ubiquitin chains
Posttranslational modification of cell cycle regulators with ubiquitin chains is essential for eukaryotic cell division. Such chains can be connected through seven lysine residues or the amino-terminus of ubiquitin, thereby allowing the assembly of eight homogenous and multiple mixed or branched …
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Structural and Functional Insights into Ghrelin Acylation by Ghrelin O-Acyltransferase
… and immune systems. Ghrelin requires a unique posttranslational modification to be biological active. Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) is responsible for catalyzing octanoylation of the 3rd serine side chain of ghrelin to generate the active form of this hormone. Thus, GOAT is considered as a …
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Enzymology and inhibition of ghrelin acylation by ghrelin O-acyltransferase
… of ghrelin must be octanoylated. This unique posttranslational modification is catalyzed by the enzyme ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT), a topologically complex integral membrane protein. GOAT is an intriguing target for biochemical studies, as no other enzyme is known to catalyze …
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Synthesis of inhibitors of polysialyltransferases PST and STX. Development of routes to synthesis, preparation and purification of carbohydrate and carbacycle-based potential inhibitors of the polysialyltransferase enzymes PST and STX
… homopolymer of α- 2,8-linked sialic acids and a posttranslational modification of NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule), biosynthesized by combined action of two polysialyltransferase enzymes, ST8SiaIV(PST) and ST8SiaII(STX). PolySia alters NCAM-dependent cell adhesion that is crucial for the CNS …
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Gatekeeper Connexin43 Phosphorylation Events Regulate Cardiac Gap Junction Coupling During Stress
… and is therefore a topic of intense study. Posttranslational modification of Cx43 is understood to impact trafficking, conduction, and stability. Altered Cx43 phosphorylation is well described during pathological remodeling of gap junctions in response to cellular stress. Research has …
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Egfr Modulates Microrna Maturation In Response to Hypoxia Through Phosphorylation of Argonaute2
… to function as a regulator of Ago2 through novel posttranslational modification. These findings suggest that modulation of miRNA biogenesis is important for stress response in tumor cells and has potential clinical implications (<a title="Shen, 2013 #78">Shen et al., 2013</a>).<strong></strong></p>
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A Novel Cardiac Function of Sumo2/3 and Senp5 Dependent Pathway and Its Physiological Impact On Congestive Cardiomyopathy
… SUMO2/3 conjugation. Increased SUMO2/3-dependent modification leads to congestive heart disease such as cardiac hypertrophy by promoting cardiac cell death. Calpain2 and Calpastatin as a novel SUMO2 targets have been known to be involved in mitochondrial-independent cell death pathway in heart. …
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