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Showing 1 to 20 of 68 for “"polyploidy"”.
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Intraspecific plant polyploidy effects on goldenrod insect herbivores
<p>Polyploidy is a dynamic process underlying a significant component of angiosperm diversity. This thesis research explores ploidy level as a source of genetic variability within a plant species, Solidago altissima L. (Asteraceae) and how this variation influences its herbivore community. More …
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Colchicine-induced polyploidy in the azalea cultivar Coral Bells
… 2, 3, or 4 consecutive days. Colchicine-induced polyploidy was found in the first and second histogenic layers but not in the third layer and a completely polyploid shoot was not isolated. Evidence indicates the formation of sectorial and periclinal cytochimeras. Within the single and the …
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Multinuclear and Mononuclear Polyploidy in the Drosophila Hindgut and Heart
<p>A fundamental question of biology is how tissues are organized. Tissues can be composed of many small cells or comparatively fewer large cells that add nuclear content to facilitate tissue growth. The cells can be separate, discrete units or interconnected collectives. The nuclear composition of …
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Polyploidy evolution in Spartina pectinata L.: neopolyploid formation and cytogeographic distribution
Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf (zulauf@illinois.edu) on 2012-04-05T21:24:37Z Item was in collections: University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1) No. of bitstreams: 1 Kim_Su Min.pdf: 2278498 bytes, checksum: f7786714968fd2fec8a7293a22b28798 (MD5)
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Investigating the origins of polyploidy in Barretts oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma
Investigating the origin(s) of polyploidy in Barrett’s oesophagus and Oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OEAC) is preceded by the condition Barrett’s oesophagus (BE), in which the stratified squamous mucosa of the oesophagus becomes damaged from exposure to stomach acid, …
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The Role of Polyploidy in the Liver and Its Implications for Cancer Therapy
The description of liver polyploidy dates back to the 1940s, but its functional roles are still largely unknown. Numerous observations and studies have suggested that liver polyploidy may participate in multiple biological processes, including regeneration, stress response, and cancer. However, …
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The evolutionary history and impact of polyploidy in mustard crops and their relatives
… two primary mechanisms for gene duplication are polyploidy events, which result in whole genome duplications or triplications (WGD, WGT), and small-scale duplications (SSD). Together, these processes play a crucial role in plant evolution. Mustard crops (Brassica) such as bok choy, broccoli, …
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Polyploidy inference across time scales in the charismatic carnivorous plant genus Drosera L. (Droseraceae, Caryophyllales)
… a neopolyploid, and in Chapter 3, I explored polyploidy along the backbone of Drosera and inferred the backbone relationship in the genus. I found highly elevated rates of single chromosome change in Drosera subgenus Ergaleium compared to the rest of the genus. By using different phasing …
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Polyploidy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to the loss of cell cycle control in stationary phase
Advances in genome sequencing and comparative genomics have uncovered ancient duplications in the genomes of many extant organisms. Evidence for large regional duplications is observed in eukaryotic organisms that include yeast, plants, fish, and humans. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of …
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Polyploidy in Brodiaea Elegans Hoover (LILIACEAE, SENS. LAT.) and the geographic distribution of the chromosome races
<p>This investigation of <em>Brodiaea elegans</em> was undertaken to determine if there were any previously undetected chromosome races within the species and to map their distribution. Chromosome races with 2<em>n</em> = 12, 16, 24, 32, 40, 42, and 48 are reported. The new races 2<em>n</em> = 40, …
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The Role of Polyploidy in Phenotypic and Genomic Evolution in the Shy Monkeyflower, <i>Mimulus sookensis<i>
… a single fundamental medium: genetic variation. Polyploidy, or whole genome duplication, is a major mechanism for evolutionary change because it is both widespread across taxa and results in a proliferation of genetic material that evolution can act upon. The key questions addressed here are: (1) …
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Polyploidy and Mitotic Cell Death are Two Distinct HIV-1 Vpr-Driven Outcomes in Renal Tubule Epithelial Cells
… cells (RTECs) induces G2 arrest, apoptosis and polyploidy. The ability of a subset of cells to overcome the G2/M block and progress to polyploidy is not well understood. Polyploidy frequently associates with a bypass of cell death and disease pathogenesis. Given the ability of the kidney to …
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HeLa에서 K-ras 과발현시 활성산소 발생에 의한 핵모양의 이상의 발생과 이중핵/다핵 세포 증가 현상 연구
Polyploidy and abnormal nuclear shapes are well known characteristics of cancer cells. K-Ras is frequently mutated in many cancers. One of the oncogene mutants, K-RasV12 has been reported to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). We recently observed that increased ROS generates polyploidy and …
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Effects of maturation, polyploidy, and nutrition on growth, composition, and gene expression within fatty acid metabolism in rainbow trout
… the specific impacts of sexual maturation, polyploidy, and nutrition on growth responses, fillet quality attributes, and fatty acid content. Additionally, changes in gene expression of 35 genes within the regulatory pathways governing fatty acid metabolism of various energy stores were …
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Molecular evolution following allopolyploidization in Gossypium
Whole genome duplication (polyploidy) is an important mechanism of speciation and generator of novel genetic and phenotypic diversity, particularly in plants. While over 400 polyploidy events have been identified throughout the angiosperm phylogeny, many crops also have a recent episode of whole …
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Control of gene expression by cell size
Polyploidy, increased copy number of whole chromosome sets in the genome, is a common cellular state in evolution, development and disease. Polyploidy enlarges cell size and alters gene expression, producing novel phenotypes and functions. Although many polyploid cell types have been discovered, it …
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The influence of ploidy level on the hearing sensitivity of the sister species Hyla chrysoscelis and Hyla versicolor
<p>Polyploidy is the presence of more than two sets of chromosomes. Polyploidy can be fatal, but when tolerated it always results in increased cell size. Polyploid vertebrates are not larger than their diploid counterparts, despite having larger cells, due to cellular rearrangements. An anuran …
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