Global ETD Search
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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"phytoliths"”.
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Reconstruction of late Holocene vegetation and climate of Hluhluwe Mfolozi area using phytoliths
… the oldest sediments to be from 23 80 ± 40 BP. Phytoliths are present throughout the record. There was a high degree of unclassifiable phytoliths (>79% per sub-sample), but preliminary trends identified include a dominance of C₄ grasses throughout (Chloridoideae and Panicoideae; adapted to …
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Can phytoliths from Sorghum bicolor, a C4 plant, be indicators of past water availability?
… water availability. Research has proven that phytoliths from C3 plants can indicate past water availability (Madella et al. 2009; Weiskopf et al. 2014; Jenkins et al. 2016). However there has not been a study focusing on phytoliths in C4 plants such as sorghum. This study will determine …
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A reconstruction of the mid-to late Pleistocene plant community along the southwestern coast of South Africa using phytolith evidence
… In response to this need, I analysed plant phytoliths extracted from sediments sampled at EFT and DFT. The results of this analysis are reported and interpreted in this thesis. To assist with the interpretation of the EFT and DFT phytolith assemblages, I established a modern phytolith …
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The Compilation of a British Lowland Heathland and Agricultural Grassland Phytolith Reference Database and its application at the archaeological site of Wytch Farm, Poole Harbour, Dorset
Phytoliths are inorganic, microscopic silica bodies formed within and between living plant cells. They can be used to identify plants to different taxonomic levels and have been utilised to address archaeobotanical and palaeoecological questions in multiple regions of the world. Phytoliths are …
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A multi-proxy approach to investigating the latest Holocene (~4,500 yrs. BP) vegetational history of Catahoula Lake, Louisiana
… and climate. This study integrates data from phytoliths, pollen, stable isotopes, magnetic susceptibility, and core sediment analysis. A modern phytolith analog assessed the phytoliths production in local plants and their modern soil sample distribution within the established lake vegetation …
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Phytolith Analysis as a Palaeoecological Tool for Reconstructing Mid-to Late-Pleistocene Environments in the Olorgesailie Basin, Kenya
… epidermal silicified appendages and sedge phytoliths. The identification and classification was based on the International Code for Phytolith Nomenclature and other existing literature. In order to determine the significance of the identified morphotypes in interpreting fossil data, two …
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The Ecological Drivers and Consequences of Grass Silicon Accumulation
… silicon into their leaves as SiO2 bodies called phytoliths, and this biomineralization affords grasses numerous benefits. Researchers have long presumed that phytolith accumulation evolved to deter herbivory, as modern studies show that phytoliths abrade grazer mouthparts and interfere with …
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The Shape of Seeing: An Ethnography of Phytolith Analysis
… thesis proposes that in order to understand the phytoliths’ original plant context, researchers conduct cycles of phytolith analysis consisting of six stages – collection, processing, microscopy, analysis, interpretation, and inscription. However, there is not one consistent object of inquiry …
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The early inhabitants of the Upemba depression, the Democratic Republic of Congo
… nitrogen and oxygen stable isotopes as well as phytoliths demonstrate that the diets and behaviours varied amongst these Iron Age communities. This may have been related to differences in food preparation and hygiene.
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Archaeobotanical and palaeoecological assessment of three freshwater shell middens dating to the early Holocene, Yongjiang River, Guangxi, southern China
… parenchyma, microcharcoal, starch grains, and phytoliths, as well as radiocarbon dating. Two AMS radiocarbon dating programs have refined the chronology of freshwater shell middens in the Yongjiang River Basin. The studied shell middens were all used during the early Holocene between c. …
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Archaeobotanical and palaeoecological assessment of three freshwater shell middens dating to the early Holocene, Yongjiang River, Guangxi, southern China
… parenchyma, microcharcoal, starch grains, and phytoliths, as well as radiocarbon dating. Two AMS radiocarbon dating programs have refined the chronology of freshwater shell middens in the Yongjiang River Basin. The studied shell middens were all used during the early Holocene between c. …
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Paleosols as Holocene proxy climate indicators, McLean County, North Dakota
… texture, stable carbon, radiocarbon, pollen, and phytoliths. The variations in these properties between individual soil horizons served to reconstruct the former environments of each soil horizon. </p> <p> The paleosols were developed in a sequence of deposits in a mile-long tributary to the …
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Late Quaternary palaeoenvironments and Middle-Late Stone Age habitat preferences in the Nakuru-Naivasha Basin, Kenya: phytolith-based evidence from the site of Prospect Farm
… Basin. For this new reference set, phytoliths were extracted from little-studied non-grass plants (mainly ligneous and herbaceous dicotyledons [n = 87]) identified as indicator species of different vegetation communities within the study area. Highly diagnostic phytoliths, variation …
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Late Quaternary landscape evolution and environmental change in Charwell Basin, South Island, New Zealand
… or soil moisture. A post-KOT peak in gully tree phytoliths corresponds to the eLGM interstadial, and a shift to grass-dominated vegetation occurred during the LGM sensu stricto. Diatoms indicated the site became considerably wetter from ca. 36 ka, with peak wetness at ca. 30, 25 and 21 ka, …
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Archaeological investigations in Ulu Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia
… of food animals, plant remains in the form of phytoliths (tiny silica bodies from stems and leaves), riverine shellfish, locally manufactured stone tools made from river pebbles and crystalline limestone. Radiocarbon dates on shells started at over 10,000 years ago at both sites, although true …
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Archaeological investigations in Ulu Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia
… of food animals, plant remains in the form of phytoliths (tiny silica bodies from stems and leaves), riverine shellfish, locally manufactured stone tools made from river pebbles and crystalline limestone. Radiocarbon dates on shells started at over 10,000 years ago at both sites, although true …
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High Resolution Paleothermometry Using Biogenic Silica: A Feasibility Study
… Experimental work on plant-derived opaline phytoliths by Elbaum et al. suggests that the refractive indices (R.I.) of these microfossils increase in response to heating during combustion of their surrounding organic matter (2003). Other work has sought to use phytolith discoloration as an …
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Assessing carbonized archaeological cooking residues : evaluation of maize phytolith taphonomy and density through experimental residue analysis
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Anthropology, 2010