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Showing 1 to 20 of 223 for “"phospholipase"”.
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Phospholipase D Signaling in T Cells
… of T lymphocytes induces the activation of phospholipase D (PLD) signaling. Phospholipase D (PLD) is a phosphodiesterase that catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidyl choline (PC) to phosphatidic acid (PA). PA is an important lipid second messenger and is known to mediate a variety of …
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Phospholipase A2 Induced Monocyte Chemotaxis to Apoptotic Cells
… Products of the reaction catalyzed by the phospholipases A2 (PLA2) have been shown to induce monocyte chemotaxis either directly or indirectly. Some investigators have implicated a cytosolic calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) in the production of these products during apoptosis. However, a …
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Regulation of Secretory Phospholipase A2 by Thyroid Hormone
… hepatic steatosis and atherosclerosis. Secretory phospholipase A2 group IIA (PLA2g2a) enhances the progression of several chronic inflammatory diseases including arthritis and atherosclerosis. The potential linkage of hypothyroidism with inflammation led us to examine the modulation of sPLA2 …
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Tobacco Phospholipase D β1: Molecular Cloning and Biochemical Characterization
Transgenic tobacco plants were developed containing a partial PLD clone in antisense orientation. The PLD isoform targeted by the insertion was identified. A PLD clone was isolated from a cDNA library using the partial PLD as a probe: Nt10B1 shares 92% identity with PLDβ1 from tomato but lacks the …
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Dual Regulation of Phospholipase C-beta by G betagamma
… betagamma subunits of the Gi family stimulate phospholipase C-beta (PLC-b) isoforms to catalyze hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-1,2-bisphosphate (PIP2) generating the second messengers, inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). PLC-b isoforms are also GTPase activating proteins …
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Phospholipase A 2 in der Parvovirus MVMp induzierten Zelllyse
… zu identifizieren. Es wurde vermutet, dass Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) Enzyme, die in sekretorische sPLA2, zytosolische cPLA2 und Ca2+-unabhängige iPLA2 unterteilt werden, aus den folgenden Gründen für diesen Zusammenhang von Bedeutung sein könnten. Zum einen sind sie als Phospholipidhydrolasen, …
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Mechanism Governing the Cellular Susceptibility to Secretory Phospholipase A2
Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) is an important part of apoptosis and disposal of damaged and dying cells. However, healthy cells are not susceptible to attack by sPLA2. Recent studies have focused on membrane properties necessary to induce susceptibility in both artificial and biological …
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Phospholipase D as a Factor in Lipid Oxidation of Milk
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-10T22:38:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 7511720.pdf: 3611139 bytes, checksum: f51ff253d9c3228384d46d1bc09826a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1974
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Identifying the Role of Phospholipase D1 and Phosphatidic Acid in Exocytosis
… these processes. One protein in particular, phospholipase D1 (PLD1), and its product, the lipid phosphatidic acid (PA), are involved in multiple exocytic processes. However, PLD1 and PA’s role in this process has remained unclear. In this work, PLD1 and the production of PA were visualized …
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Mechanisms by Which Apoptotic Membranes Become Susceptible to Secretory Phospholipase A2
… them susceptible to hydrolysis by secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2). To study the relevant mechanisms, a simplified model of apoptosis using a calcium ionophore was first applied. Kinetic and flow cytometry experiments provided key observations regarding ionophore treatment: initial …
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Localisation and function of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C in Sacchromyces cerevisiae
Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C enzymes (PLCs) cleave the plasma membrane phospholipid PtdIns(4,5)P\(_2\) to generate two messengers, inositol (1,4,5) trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P\(_3\)] and diacylglycerol (DAG). Ins(1,4,5)P\(_3\) is an important second messenger in animal cells. It …
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The Role of Secretory Phospholipase A2 Group IIA in Obesity and Metabolism
<p>Secretory phospholipase A2 group IIA (PLA2G2A) is a member of a family of secretory phospholipases previously implicated in inflammation, atherogenesis, and antibacterial actions. These enzymes hydrolyze glycerophospholipids at the sn-2 position releasing lysophospholipids and fatty acids. …
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The role of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in microglial signaling pathways during neuroinflammation
… a contributor of neuronal cell death. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) belongs to a family of phospholipases that act as the principle producers of arachidonic acid (AA) in cells. During the process of inflammation, AA released from phospholipids is metabolized by cyclooxygenase-1[slash]2 …
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DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF CHEMOENZYMATIC TOOLS TO VISUALIZE MAMMALIAN PHOSPHOLIPASE D SIGNALING
… regulation of signal transduction pathways. Phospholipase D (PLD) enzymes are a critical signaling node responsible for production of the pleiotropic lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid via hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine. It remains a mystery how this one lipid signal can cause such …
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Attenuation of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis by targeted mutagenesis of the phospholipase D gene.
A toxic phospholipase D (PLD), is thought to be an essential virulence determinant of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, an animal pathogen which causes chronic, suppurative infections. In this study, PLD was purified from C. pseudotuberculosis biovar equi isolate 155 and the gene encoding PLD …
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Roles of Phospholipase A/Acyltransferase Enzymes in Membrane Remodelling and Organelle Degradation
… of phospholipids. This process is coordinated by phospholipase A (PLA) and acyltransferases (AT). PLA/AT are a family of 5 enzymes evolutionarily conserved in vertebrates. Recently, they have been implicated in processes from organelle degradation during lens differentiation to host immune …
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Molecular genetics of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 and chronic liver disease
… The genetic variant rs738409 in the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene associates with increased susceptibility to the entire spectrum of chronic liver disease, and in particular with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The variant results in an isoleucine to methionine …
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