Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 32 for “"pathogen transmission"”.
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Effects of ambient temperature on mechanisms of pathogen transmission in house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus)
… important abiotic factor shaping the process of pathogen transmission because of its effects on hosts, pathogens, and interactions between them. However, most experimental studies demonstrating the effects of temperature on transmission remain correlative and often exclude endothermic taxa, which …
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Tracking Pathogen Transmission at the Human-Wildlife Interface: Banded Mongoose (Mungos mungo) and Escherichia coli as a Model System in Chobe, Botswana
… defined as infectious diseases caused by pathogens transmitted from humans to wildlife, pose a significant health threat to wildlife populations. Many of these pathogens are also able to move from wildlife reservoirs to humans, termed zoonotic diseases, creating the possibility for …
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Determining the role of density-dependent effects in disease induced population impacts
… in wildlife, often due to the complex nature of pathogen transmission in muti-host systems that can lead to varied decline and recovery patterns. Common disease management strategies focus on the reduction of pathogen transmission at low host densities to be effective. Density-dependent contact …
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Shifting disease dynamics following the invasion of an emerging wildlife pathogen
The introduction of pathogens to new regions can have significant impacts to human, agricultural and wildlife health. Introduced pathogens can change and adapt to new hosts (i.e. the species that they infect) and to new habitats. These factors can ultimately influence their impact on host …
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The Influence of Heterogeneous Landscapes on Banded Mongoose (Mungos mungo) Behavior in Northern Botswana: Inferences about Infectious Disease Transmission
Infectious disease transmission is driven by a complex suite of drivers with behavior and landscape dynamics contributing to epidemics across host-pathogen systems. However, our understanding of the interaction between landscape, behavior, and infectious disease remains limited. In the banded …
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Factors Influencing Sugar Feeding in Invasive Mosquitoes
… been concentrated on host-seeking behavior and pathogen transmission. As mosquitoes are the deadliest animals on earth and because challenges, such as the rise of insecticide resistance, arise, there is an urgent need for developing effective and ecologically friendly disease vector control …
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Interactions Between the Odorous House Ant (Tapinoma sessile) and RNA Viruses: a Multi-Faceted Approach
… areas, yet the understanding of how viral pathogens shape its behavior, management, and interactions with other insects remains limited. Over the course of my thesis, I characterized four novel viruses in T. sessile using metatranscriptomic analysis, investigated their infectivity, and …
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Association of Campylobacter spp. Levels between Chicken Grow-Out Environmental Samples and Processed Carcasses
… assessment of Campylobacter contamination and transmission. Air samples, fecal/litter samples, and feed pan/drink line samples were collected from four commercial chicken grow-out houses. Birds from the sampled house were the first flock slaughtered the following day, and were sampled by …
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Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella spp. Detection in Chicken Grow Out Houses by Environmental Sampling Methods
Campylobacter and Salmonella are foodborne pathogens commonly associated with raw poultry. Although there has been much research done on isolating these pathogens from poultry production environments using cloacal swabs, fecal samples, intestinal tract contents and dissection, research involving …
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Characterization of rickettsial infection dynamics within Dermacentor variabilis and Amblyomma maculatum
… is a key component of vector competence and pathogen transmission to the mammalian host. Contemporary detection of novel tick hosts for rickettsial species, combined with an unprecedented rise in human cases of SFG rickettsiosis, necessitates a deeper understanding of tick/Rickettsia …
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Insights from serological surveillance in infectious disease epidemiology
… epidemiological questions relating to the transmission and immune dynamics of human pathogens. Using SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies and age-specific COVID-19 death data, I refined estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality ratios and inferred infected population proportions in multiple …
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Linking mosquito midgut and virus population biology at the molecular and cellular level
… competence (VC) refers to the efficiency of pathogen transmission by vectors. Each step in infection of a mosquito vector constitutes a barrier to transmission that may impose bottlenecks on virus populations. West Nile virus (WNV) is maintained by multiple mosquito species with varying VC. …
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Harm reduction in the context of drug use in Malaysia, a critical analysis of its justification and its compatibility with the criminal justice approach
… in decreasing drug use and HIV pathogen transmission. This thesis also argues that any alleged unintended adverse consequences of harm reduction are limited or absental together. Moreover, with regard to the issue of compatibility between the harm reduction and criminal justice …
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Modeling host responses to tick feeding and tick-borne flavivirus evolution and dispersal
… for an extremely broad range of human and animal pathogens. Many tick-borne pathogens are significant public health risks throughout the world. In addition, even un-infected ticks cause significant economic losses in the livestock industry. Seminal studies have shown that animals with prior …
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Approaches for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection, control, and molecular characterization
… Insight in the detection and rate of pathogen spread is essential to guide surveillance and control efforts. Therefore, the detection and transmission of M. hyopneumoniae were evaluated under natural conditions. Bacterial transmission and clinical signs were not evident until several …
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Determining the Prevalence and Distribution of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Southeastern Virginia and Exploring the Transmission Dynamics of Rickettsia Parkeri in Amblyomma Maculatum
<p>Tick-borne pathogens are an increasing threat to human and animal health worldwide. In the United States, cases of Lyme disease, spotted fever rickettsioses, ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis are on the rise. Factors related to emergence include appearance of a new pathogen, recognition of an …
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An Ecological, Molecular, and Biochemical Comparison of Aedes Triseriatus (Say), the Vector of LaCrosse Virus, With Its Sibling Species, Aedes Hendersoni Cockerell
… the salivary glands of a vector are important to pathogen transmission, the biochemical studies of my thesis identified the apyrase, an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, of Ae. triseriatus and Ae. hendersoni . Apyrase activity was characterized from both species, but no difference in activities …
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A complex, high-performance agent-based model used to explore tuberculosis and COVID-19 case-finding interventions
… With both these infectious diseases substantial pathogen transmission takes place before people report to health facilities. Diagnosing more people more quickly and placing them on treatment and/or isolating them is thus critical to achieving epidemiological control. Early diagnosis interventions …
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A community modeling approach to understanding the ecology of Lyme disease
… is responsible for transmitting the Lyme disease pathogen (Borrelia burgdorferi) to humans in eastern North America. Since the 1970s, the geographic distributions of both the pathogen and the black-legged tick have expanded throughout the US. This expansion is thought to be primarily due to highly …
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Agent-based and contact network modeling applications for Escherichia coli transmission in commercial feedlot settings
… coli (STEC) are recognized as a major food-borne pathogens with outbreaks, human infections, and occasional deaths associated with the consumption of contaminated foods. Cattle are recognized as a primary reservoir for STEC, though the transmission dynamics of STEC in feedlot cattle are not fully …
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