Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 50 for “"pancreatic beta cells"”.
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Microfluidic Assessment of Stem Cell-Derived Pancreatic Beta Cells
… traditional methods of perifusional analysis of cells, pancreatic β cells in particular, involve the utilization of costly equipment exhibiting difficulties in setup and inflexibilities in operation and application. Microfluidic devices in general are inexpensive, easy to fabricate and are …
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Molecular Dissection of Interferon-Gamma Treated Pancreatic Beta-Cells
… has a direct pathogenic role on the pancreatic $\beta$-cell. Early expression of IFN-$\alpha$ by the $\beta$-cell may contribute to insulitis whereas IFN-$\gamma,$ a product of islet infiltrating leukocytes, may mediate characteristic decreases in glucose sensitivity and increased …
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Regulation of Insulin and CHOP Gene Expression in Pancreatic Beta Cells
… by which insulin gene expression is regulated in pancreatic beta cells. In addition to examining histone modifications on the insulin gene promoter, I focused on the effect of MafA modification on insulin expression. MafA is a transcriptional activator of the insulin gene via binding to the …
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Pyruvate Cycling Pathways and Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion in Pancreatic Beta Cells
Pancreatic β-cells secrete insulin in response to glucose. Intracellular glucose metabolism drives a cascade of events, including ATP production, calcium influx, and insulin processing, culminating in insulin granule exocytosis. However, insulin secretory mechanisms are incompletely understood. …
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Development of orthogonally crosslinked thiol-ene hydrogels for encapsulation of pancreatic beta-cells
… destruction of insulin-producing β-cells. Effective encapsulation strategies can protect the transplanted islets from direct attack by host immune cells while maintaining insulin secretion. To achieve this goal, I have developed a hydrogel conformal coating using a visible …
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Erythropoietin Signaling in Pancreatic Beta Cells in Homeostasis and in Models of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
… exerts cytoprotective effects on non-erythroid cells. However, the in vivo role of EPO on the pancreatic β cells has not been evaluated to date. We hypothesized that EPO would have direct cytoprotective effects on the pancreatic β cells and provide protection against experimental models of …
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Heat shock protein 90, a potential biomarker for type I diabetes: mechanisms of release from pancreatic beta cells
… is known to be associated with various forms of beta cell stress, including endoplasmic reticulum stress, insulitis, and hyperglycemia. Therefore, to test the hypothesis that HSP90 is released by these cells in response to stress, human pancreatic beta cells were subjected to various forms of …
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Glycemic control and pancreatic beta cells protective effect of a lanosteryl triterpene from Protorhus longifolia in hyperlipidemic and STZ-induced diabetic rats
… further aggravates insult to insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas, thereby worsening the diabetic state. Current treatment regimen for DM comprises self-care and anti-diabetic drugs such as biguanides (metformin), thiazolidinediones and sulfonylureas. Metformin is currently the most …
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IL-1β Amplification of Nitric Oxide Production and Its Inhibitory Effects on Glucose Induced Early Growth Response-1 Expression in INS-1 Cells
… cytokines released by infiltrating white blood cells upon pancreatic beta cells is not fully understood. Early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1) expression is specifically and transiently up regulated in pancreatic beta cells in response to glucose. We hypothesized that interleukin-1 beta (IL-1▀) …
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Studies of Non-Classical Antigen Presentation Molecules: Functional Analysis of Mouse Qa-1 and Characterization of the Porcine CD1 Gene Family
… CD1. First, Qa-1 expression was examined in pancreatic $\beta$-cells. The demonstration of interferon-$\gamma$-regulated Qa-1$\rm\sp{b}$ expression in $\beta$-cells along with the identification of a putative Qa-1$\rm\sp{b}$ peptide (Ins II; ALWMRFLPL) in the insulin leader sequence indicates …
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Defining Ankyrin-b Syndrome: Characterization of Ankyrin-b Variants in Mice and Men and the Discovery of a Role for Ankyrin-b in Parasympathetic Control of Insulin Release
… control of insulin secretion. Stimulation of pancreatic beta cells by acetylcholine augments glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by inducing inositol-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R)-mediated Ca2+ release. We report that ankyrin-B is also enriched in pancreatic beta cells. Ankyrin-B-deficient …
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Insulin based inhibitors of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) and their effect on hIAPP- mediated membrane damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus
… acid polypeptide, co-secreted with insulin from pancreatic beta cells, that plays a role in the damage of cell membranes by forming amyloid fibrils in Type 2 diabetes. Insulin has been found to inhibit hIAPP (Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide) aggregation. The HLVEALYLVC amino acid region of …
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Recombinant Expression of Preptin Analogs for Alanine Scanning Mutagenesis of Residues 27-29
… factor E-peptide. Preptin has been isolated from pancreatic beta cells, and it has been found to exhibit both metabolic and mitogenic activities. This makes preptin an attractive candidate to treat insulin-independent diabetes and osteoporosis. Alanine scanning mutagenesis was utilized to …
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EXAMINATION OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENCES IN DISEASE ARCHITECTURE AND EPISTASIS TO TYPE 2 DIABETES RISK IN AFRICAN AMERICANS
… resulting from defects in insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells and defects in insulin action in hepatic, skeletal muscle, and other peripheral tissues. The most recent data shows that the prevalence of diabetes is much higher among African Americans (13.2%) compared to European Americans …
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Search for Insulin Secretion Modulators, Novel Functions of WNK Signaling and Intramolecular Signal Transduction in ERK2
… the regulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, WNK1 pathway involvement in cell migration, angiogenesis, breast cancer, and other processes, as well as ERK2 intradomain communication are discussed. Each chapter is dedicated to a separate project, but the common …
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Experimental simulation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP)-pancreatic beta cell membrane interactions: Inferences and implications in the etiopathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type II
<p>Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, an endocrine hormone that regulates blood glucose levels and maintains normal physiological activity in humans and animals. Diabetes mellitus type II is a consequence of the gradual destruction of these important cells, likely by human islet amyloid …
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Membrane fragmentation by a 20-29 fragment of human islet amyloid polypeptide and rat amyloid polypeptide
… II diabetes is the loss of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. The amyloidogenic human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (hIAPP, also known as human amylin) is believed to play a crucial role in this biological process. Previous studies have shown that hIAPP forms small aggregates that kill …
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Insulin based analogs HLVEALYLV and LVEALYLV to inhibit the formation of amyloid fibrils in beta cells
… with insulin in the islets of Langerhans of pancreatic beta cells. Aggregation of hIAPP fibrils is believed to be toxic to beta cells and responsible for beta cell dysfunction and death associated with type 2 diabetes. Insulin has been found to act against the actions of hIAPP. The internal …
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