Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 38 for “"pancreatic beta cell"”.
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Mitochondrial Involvement in Pancreatic Beta Cell Glucolipotoxicity
… free fatty acid (NEFA) levels can cause pancreatic β-cell failure. The molecular mechanisms of this β-cell glucolipotoxicity are yet to be established conclusively. In this thesis by exploring mitochondrial energy metabolism in INS-1E insulinoma cells and isolated pancreatic islets, a …
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Role of PARK2Gene in Maintenance of Pancreatic Beta Cell Functions
… a close relationship between the PARK2 gene and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction-related T2D. In order to prove this finding experimentally, I first investigated whether the PARK2 gene is expressed in the pancreatic tissues. Gene expression profiling of the Park2 gene in rats showed its predominant …
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Mechanisms Of Cytokine-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction Of The Pancreatic Beta-Cell
… OF CYTOKINE-INDUCED METABOLIC DYSFUNCTION OF THE PANCREATIC BETA-CELL</p> <p> by</p> <p>ABIY MUSSA MOHAMMED</p> <p>August 2013</p> <p>Advisor: Dr. Anjaneyulu Kowluru</p> <p>Major: Pharmaceutical Sciences</p> <p>Degree: Doctor of Philosophy</p> <p>Type I diabetes is characterized by an absolute …
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Lipid metabolism in the pancreatic beta-cell. Implications for insulin secretion.
… the role of lipid metabolism with regard to beta-cell function and insulin secretion. Lipids are known to play a crucial functional role in the pancreatic beta-cell, where they are essential for adequate hormone release, but may also exert a long-term toxic effect, leading to beta-cell …
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Molecular Adaptation of Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function During Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Pancreatic beta-cells may balance glucose-stimulated insulin synthesis and secretion with the proteasome activity to regulate protein concentrations in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). During this process, reactive oxygen species (ROS) may originate as byproducts from the oxidative protein folding …
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Mechanism of genistein in the regulation of pancreatic beta-cell proliferation
… a botanical derived primarily from legumes, on pancreatic β-cell proliferation and the related molecular mechanisms. Diabetes mellitus is a major and growing public health problem worldwide. Both in type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), the deterioration of glycemic control over time is …
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Estrogen and Serotonin – old dogs, new tricks, Implications for pancreatic beta-cell function
… factors can activate different receptors on the pancreatic islet cells, for instance G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). When activated, these receptors are able to fine-tune islet hormone secretion and regulate overall β-cell function. Estrogen and serotonin are circulating factors that bind to …
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Stress-inducible Mig6 promotes pancreatic beta cell destruction in the pathogenesis of diabetes
Pancreatic insulin-secreting beta cell failure is central to the development of diabetes. Therapeutic applications targeted at understanding and manipulating beta cell destruction mechanisms should enhance the preservation of functional beta cell mass and prevent diabetes. To this end, we have …
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TMEM27: A Cleaved and Shed Plasma Membrane Protein That Stimulates Pancreatic Beta Cell Proliferation
… the replication of terminally differentiated β cells are unclear. In this thesis I report the identification of a gene encoding transmembrane protein 27 (TMEM27) in pancreatic β cells. Expression of Tmem27 is reduced in Tcf1-/- mice, which exhibit defects in proliferation, and is increased in …
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The effects of the adipocyte-secreted proteins resistin and visfatin on the pancreatic beta-cell
… been previously suggested as having roles in the pancreatic islet. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the regulatory role of the adipokines resistin and visfatin in the pancreatic beta-cell. In order to do this, pancreatic β-cell lines from rat (BRIN-BD11) and mouse (βTC-6) were …
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Identifying Genes in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function using a Novel High-Thoughput Cell-Based Screening Assay
… and/or impaired insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cells. It is a global epidemic affecting millions of people around the world, bringing serious economic burden to health care systems. Thus, the underlying components of this disorder are under extensive investigation. The interest …
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Investigation of pancreatic beta cell differentiation and function, and global profiling analysis of diabetes serum for the identification of disease biomarkers
… compared to glucose responsive MIN6 cells. Functional investigations involving knockdown of mir-200a, mir-130a and mir-410 in MIN6 cells exhibiting GSIS resulted in reduced GSIS. This suggested that these three miRNAs functioned in supporting the capability of MIN6 cells to secrete …
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Experimental simulation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP)-pancreatic beta cell membrane interactions: Inferences and implications in the etiopathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type II
<p>Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, an endocrine hormone that regulates blood glucose levels and maintains normal physiological activity in humans and animals. Diabetes mellitus type II is a consequence of the gradual destruction of these important cells, likely by human islet amyloid …
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Molecular Dissection of Interferon-Gamma Treated Pancreatic Beta-Cells
… has a direct pathogenic role on the pancreatic $\beta$-cell. Early expression of IFN-$\alpha$ by the $\beta$-cell may contribute to insulitis whereas IFN-$\gamma,$ a product of islet infiltrating leukocytes, may mediate characteristic decreases in glucose sensitivity and increased …
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Islet Dysfunction In Diabetes
… condition resulting from gradual failure of pancreatic beta cells to synthesize and secrete sufficient insulin to meet the metabolic demands and the inability of tissues [muscle, adipose and liver] to efficiently utilize the secreted insulin leading to an overall increase in blood glucose …
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IL-1β Amplification of Nitric Oxide Production and Its Inhibitory Effects on Glucose Induced Early Growth Response-1 Expression in INS-1 Cells
… cytokines released by infiltrating white blood cells upon pancreatic beta cells is not fully understood. Early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1) expression is specifically and transiently up regulated in pancreatic beta cells in response to glucose. We hypothesized that interleukin-1 beta (IL-1▀) …
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Glycemic control and pancreatic beta cells protective effect of a lanosteryl triterpene from Protorhus longifolia in hyperlipidemic and STZ-induced diabetic rats
… further aggravates insult to insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas, thereby worsening the diabetic state. Current treatment regimen for DM comprises self-care and anti-diabetic drugs such as biguanides (metformin), thiazolidinediones and sulfonylureas. Metformin is currently the most …
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Molecular Genetic Analysis of Rodent Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
… affecting glucose transport, production and pancreatic beta cell function. Due to these complexities, only a small number of the genes, usually in rare sub-types of NIDDM, have been identified in humans. Because inbred rodent strains are inherently more tractable genetically and can be …
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Spinophilin Signaling: Impacts on Body Weight, Obesity, and Beta-Cell Function
… caused by dysfunction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. However, mechanisms that promote obesity and the mechanisms by which obesity leads to beta cell dysfunction are not fully known. Spinophilin is a filamentous (F)-actin binding, protein scaffolding, and protein phosphatase …
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