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Showing 1 to 20 of 22 for “"oxaloacetate"”.
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Structural and functional studies of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
… that catalyses the reversible conversion of oxaloacetate and ATP into phosphoenolpyruvate, ADP and CO2. PCK is made up of about 500 to 600 amino acid residues and is divided into two roughly equal domains. Upon binding of substrates, the two domains of PCK move towards each other. PCK is well …
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The role of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase in glucose and ketone body metabolism
… which limited the availability of pyruvate for oxaloacetate synthesis. Low oxaloacetate resulted in overproduction of ketone bodies by the liver and inhibition of ketone body and fatty acid oxidation by peripheral tissues, culminating in ketoacidosis and hypothermia. Furthermore, when fed a …
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A Mutant of Arabidopsis Thaliana Deficient in Chloroplast Dicarboxylate Transport Activity
… were assayed. Glutamate synthase and glutamate-oxaloacetate aminotransferase were assayed on intact chloroplasts and found missing in the mutant. Transport activity was also measured directly using the silicone oil filter centrifugation technique. Malate, 2-oxoglutarate, glutamate and aspartate …
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Insights into substrate utilization and transcriptional regulation in methanosarcina
… the enzyme responsible for synthesis of oxaloacetate in the cells. Biochemical and transcriptomic experiments revealed that in order to make the central metabolite oxaloacetate this mutant was using an alternative reaction catalyzed by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase. Surprisingly, our …
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Control of bovine Pyruvate Carboxylase Expression by Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Impact on Fatty Acid Metabolism
… carbohydrate and lipid metabolism by supplying oxaloacetate (OAA) from the carboxylation of pyruvate. The OAA pool is necessary in maintaining the anaplerotic supply of carbons to the TCA cycle, and to promote the complete oxidation, to CO2, of acetyl-CoA. The actions of PC in supplying OAA are …
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Studies within Fragment-Based Drug Discovery: Library Synthesis and Hit-to-Lead Optimisation
… growing the indole fragment towards the nearby oxaloacetate binding pocket and occupying it with a fragment mimicking its natural substrate. This approach yielded a compound with an in vitro half maximal inhibitory concentration of 130 µM against the enzymatic activity of PrpC.
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Enzymology and Physiology of a New Type of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase and the Development of a Pyruvate Carboxylase Expression System
… and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase. All produce oxaloacetate (OAA) for the cell. OAA production is critical for cell carbon synthesis in the methanogenic archaea. Therefore OAA-generating enzymes are essential for the survival of methanogens. In part of this study we investigated archaeal-type …
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Atp-Citrate Lyase Links Cyclin E to Cellular Metabolism In Breast Cancer
… catalyzes cytoplasmic citrate to acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate in the <em>de novo</em> lipogenesis pathway. End products of this pathway consist of complex fatty acids that fuel membrane production of highly proliferating cells and lipid-based post-translational modifications that mediate …
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Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines: Pathogenicity genes, races, and soybean yield
… considerable homology with the gamma subunit of oxaloacetate decarboxylase of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Five races were identified from nine isolates of X. campestris pv. glycines, and five cultivars, 'Chippewa', 'Harosoy', 'Mukden', 'Pella', and 'Williams' were selected to differentiate five races. …
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Developing drugs to attenuate succinate accumulation and oxidation
… malonate. Interestingly, only malonate and oxaloacetate showed potent SDH inhibition, thus were selected for further development. Malonate ester prodrugs with different properties were characterised. Hydrolysis rates of the esters differed greatly, with tuned, labile, malonate esters …
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Metabolic flux, transport activity, and subcellular communication in intact hearts from dynamic ¹³C NMR spectroscopy
… Rates were compared to flux through glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT). Despite similar oxygen use, hearts oxidizing butyrate showed delayed incorporation of 13C label into glutamate and lower TCA cycle flux due to the influence of [beta]-oxidation: 8.0±0.2 [mu]moles/min/g dry weight …
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Multiple origins of 'Senecio cambrensis' Rosser and related evolutionary studies of British 'Senecio'
… addition, isozyme banding patterns for glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) indicated that populations of S. cambrensis from Wrexham and Mochdre in N. Wales also represent independent origins of the species in Britain. Extending the isozyme survey to include other populations of the two …
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Macromolecular organization of flavonoid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
… that facilitates the direct transfer of oxaloacetate from MDH to CS through a molecular channel. During these studies it was determined that A. thaliana does not encode stilbene synthase (STS), which catalyzes the first step in a pathway that competes with flavonoid biosynthesis in other …
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Metabolic flux analysis of Escherichia coli MG1655 under octanoic acid (C8) stress
… pyruvate node, alpha-ketoglutarate node and oxaloacetate node changed. By comparing the metabolic flux maps of E. coli MG1655 grown at different conditions, pathways that have flux change under stress were identified. Inhibition effect for several pathways, resulting in a reduction in carbon …
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Proteomic analysis of cellular models of neurodegeneration and mitochondrial dysfunction
… shock cognate 71 kDa protein (Hsc70), glutamate oxaloacetate 2 (GOT2) and voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) were validated as potential markers of MPTP-induced toxicity using western blot analysis. In parallel, a study of the mitochondrial phosphoproteome was undertaken. Despite the …
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Investigation of the mechanism of action of pep carboxylase
… but rather had a stabilizing effect on the oxaloacetate formed. Higher concentrations of hydroxylamine produced some inhibition of the reaction. It was, however, concluded that the inhibition was nonspecific. The possibility of the formation of an anhydride linkage between substrates or …
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Metabolic engineering of C. glutamicum for amino acid production improvement
… anaplerotic pathway responsible for replenishing oxaloacetate, namely pyruvate carboxylase was targeted. After fruitless attempts to establish an in vitro enzymatic activity for this enzyme, our efforts were directed towards its gene identification. This was achieved by designing PCR primers …
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Mechanistic characterization of acetic acid resistance enzymes of Acetobacer aceti
… a Claisen/aldol condensation of AcCoA and oxaloacetate (OAA) that forms citryl-CoA (CitCoA), and CitCoA hydrolysis. Protein conformational changes that close the active site assemble a catalytically competent condensation active site. The 2.2 Å resolution crystal structure of CS from the …
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Structural and biochemical studies on enzymes involved in natural product biosynthesis and cellular respiration
… proposed to catalyze an aldol reaction between oxaloacetate and phosphonoacetaldehyde to form a reactive hydroxyl intermediate (2-keto-4-hydroxy-5-phosphonopentanoic acid), with a chance to form an irreversible, non-enzymatic dehydration reaction which forms an off pathway end product. In …
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Propionate induces gluconeogenesis in dairy cattle through direct activation of the bovine cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene promoter
… GTP; EC4.1.1.32) catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), a critical reaction for gluconeogenesis. The two isoforms of PCK, namely cytosolic PCK (PCK1), and the mitochondrial PCK (PCK2) are abundantly expressed in liver and kidney. Increased PCK1 activity …
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