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Showing 1 to 20 of 79 for “"osteoclasts"”.
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Role of the ARF Tumor Suppressor in Osteoclasts
The ARF tumor suppressor is upregulated upon oncogenic stress. ARF can suppress cell proliferation in both p53-dependent and -independent mechanisms. We have focused on ARF's ability to suppress protein synthesis in a p53-independent manner. Given that protein synthesis and the cell cycle are …
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The Functions of Autophagy Genes in Lymphocytes and Osteoclasts
… genes in B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and osteoclasts. We found that the essential autophagy gene <italic>Atg5</italic> was important for B cell development and for the maintenance of B-1a B cell numbers but not peripheral B-2 B cell numbers. In T cells, deletion of the essential autophagy …
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The significance of cell-surface α2,3-linked Sialic Acid in Osteoclasts
<p>Osteoclasts are giant, multinucleated cells that, alongside osteoblasts, are central to maintaining physiologically healthy bone. The functions of osteoclasts and osteoblasts-degrading and depositing bone matrix, respectively-are paired in healthy bone tissue, thereby yielding no net bone loss …
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The Role of Rac and Filamin A in Osteoclast Function and Osteoclast Heterogeneity
Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that resorb bone and carry out their function via a dynamic actin cytoskeleton that is regulated by Rho GTPases. Rho GTPases function as molecular switches that regulate the actin cytoskeleton in osteoclasts and many other cell types. A Rac GTPase validation …
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Sex-specific gene expression and its effect on osteoclast maturation
<p>Osteoclasts lie at the root of abnormal bone loss associated with osteoporosis. Osteoporosis primarily affects women and develops when estrogen, a negative regulator of osteoclast life cycle, plummets with menopause. In addition to the role of estrogen, the existence of inherent differences …
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Expression of Capn6 During Osteoclast Differentiation In Wild-Type and Hdac4 Knockout Mice
… of Capn6 in wild-type and HDAC4 knockout osteoclasts. Methods: qRT-PCR was preformed to assess Capn6 expression in wild-type and HDAC4 knockout mice over days 0-4 of osteoclast differentiation. Results: Levels of Capn6 expression increased later in osteoclast differentiation in the …
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Étude de l’expression et du rôle du ligand du co-stimulateur inductible des cellules T (ICOSL) dans les ostéoclastes humains
… cells present in the adjacent bone marrow. Osteoclasts, which degrade the bone matrix, express costimulatory molecules on their surface, like antigen-presenting cells, which enable them to interact with immune and cancer cells, exerting an immunosuppressive effect on the bone …
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Involvement of Histone Deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) in Osteoclast Function
… via complex coupled actions of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. Loss of coupling between bone formation and bone resorption leads to pathogenesis of bone metabolic diseases including osteoporosis or osteopetrosis. Defects in osteoclast activity, whether increased …
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Mechanically-Induced Osteocyte-Th17-Cell Signaling and Osteoclastogenesis
… and the localization of bone resorbing osteoclasts. However, the extracellular signals involved in the initiation of targeted bone remodeling are still unknown. While apoptosis is commonly referred to as a non-inflammatory event, inflammatory cytokines have been shown to be mediators of …
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Effects of Dietary Calcium and Fasting on Osteoclast Recession and Recruitment in Calcium Deficient Rats
… The development, activation, and inhibition of osteoclasts are influenced by a number of systemic and local factors. The release of these factors is influenced by changes in the dietary status of the animal. Calcium deficiency is known to stimulate the recruitment and activity of large numbers …
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Myeloma-osteoclast interactions as a therapeutic target for multiple myeloma bone disease
… abundance of these cells in the bone marrow. Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells formed from the fusion of macrophages in a process known as osteoclastogenesis. Herein, we hypothesized that multiple myeloma cells promote osteoclastogenesis through direct mechanisms by secreting RANKL, the …
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The in vitro effects of diallyl trisulfide on osteoclast formation and function in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages
Osteoclasts are large multinucleated cells that resorb or degrade bone. Over-active osteoclasts result in fragile bones that fracture easily, causing bone degenerative disorders such as osteoporosis. Inhibiting osteoclast activity represents a viable strategy to combat bone degeneration. When the …
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Effect of blueberry polyphenols on osteoclast
Bone is a dynamic tissue with osteoblasts and osteoclasts participating concomitantly in its remodeling process. Blueberries are a rich source of polyphenolic compounds and have been shown to be effective in decreasing incidence/symptoms of chronic inflammatory conditions. The purpose of this study …
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Kinetics of notch signaling during osteoclastogenesis
… many cell types including the differentiation of osteoclasts from bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). Osteoclastogenesis is initiated in BMMs by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) in the presence of Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (M-CSF). This pathway consists of four …
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Mathematical modelling of bone remodelling at the cellular level and the interaction between myeloma cells and the bone microenvironment
… is the coordinated processes of resorption by osteoclasts and formation by osteoblasts, where old bone is replaced by new bone. Disorder of bone remodelling cycle can result in metabolic bone diseases, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis, hypothyroidism and primary hyperparathyroidism. Due to …
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SirT1 regulates bone mass in vivo through regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation
… for the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, respectively. Here, we show that SirT1 is an important regulator of bone mass in vivo: SirT1 whole-body knockout mice display significant bone deficiencies that are associated with decreased osteoblast and increased osteoclast numbers. …
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The Role of IKKβ in Osteoclastogenesis and Inflammatory Osteolysis
… of osteoblasts: bone-building cells) and osteoclasts: boneresorbing cells) determines the state of bone metabolism, and a tip in this balance toward either cell type is detrimental to health. In clinical settings, the most common bone diseases favor increased osteoclast activity and …
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Early Osteoclast Responses to a Calcium Supplemented Meal in Calcium Deficient Rats
<p>Osteoclasts are large, irregularly-shaped, multinucleated cells. They are the primary cells responsible for the mobilization of calcium from bone (bone resorption). It is a well known fact that bone diseases (i.e. osteoporosis and osteopetrosis) occur as a result of unbalanced cellular activity. …
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Combination of Dasatinib and Dexamethasone targets the myeloma plasma cell through its interaction with the bone marrow microenvironment
… inhibited adhesion of PC on stromal cells and osteoclasts. Dasatinib disrupted the organisation of actin cytoskeleton in osteoclasts and blocked osteoclast maturation. Similar effect was observed with PP2 a Src inhibitor, confirming that the effects were mediated at least in part through Src …
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