Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 73 for “"orbitofrontal"”.
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Orbitofrontal Cortex and Social Processing in Rodent Models
… altered resting state network activity in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and was associated with accumulation of neurotoxin marker, acrolein, in lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) (including OFC), indicating OFC as a brain region of interest that may contribute to social processing. Measuring GABA …
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Psychopathy Symptom Profiles and Neuropsychological Measures Sensitive to Orbitofrontal Functioning
This study analyzed the relationship between the OF functioning of 100 incarcerated male offenders and their psychopathy symptoms. The study's rejected hypothesis had predicted a significant relationship between measures of OF functioning and the Defective Affective Experience (DAE) and Impulsive …
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Roles of orbitofrontal and insular cortices in processing reward variables
… discounting in rats and to test the role of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in this process. Rats were trained in a novel intertemporal choice task in which the sequence of delay durations was randomized across trials. The animals tended to choose a small immediate reward more frequently as the …
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Representations of Relative Value Coding in the Orbitofrontal Cortex and Amygdala
… different contexts, neurons in the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) indeed rescale their calculation of the motivational significance of stimuli that predict rewards. We used a "contrast revaluation" task in which the reward associated with one stimulus is held constant while other rewards …
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Orbitofrontal Cortex Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder
… Recent evidence suggests that the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) plays a key role in ‘non-reward’ functions and shows hyperconnectivity in MDD. An initial case study by our group demonstrated that inhibitory OFC-rTMS was able to achieve remission in an MDD case nonresponsive to DLPFC- …
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Competitive and Noncompetitive Credit Assignment to Reward Cues in the Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex
… to reward cues, with a focus on the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC). The lOFC has long been implicated in signaling reward expectancies, with controversy as to whether it signals the economic value of future outcomes, their sensory features to guide behavior or both. However, whether the …
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Interactions Between Medical Prefrontal Cortex, Orbitofrontal Cortex and Motor Cortex in Value-based Decision Making
… choice, its outcome, and action value in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats performing a dynamic two-armed bandit (TAB) task. And we also examined neuronal activity in the lateral (AGl) and medial (AGm) agranular cortex, corresponding to the primary and …
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Age- and sex-specific effects of amphetamines on cognition and serotonin in the orbitofrontal cortex
… parvalbumin-immunoreactive interneurons in the orbitofrontal cortex. These studies revealed complex interactions of age and sex on drug-induced changes and heightened drug-seeking in adult rats. Taken together and in the context of broader literature, this work supports the assertion that …
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Systematic review of imaging studies in the lateral orbitofrontal circuit in bipolar type I disorder
… of a change in size of the structures in lateral orbitofrontal circuits relative to the conceptually unaffected motor circuit. Structures in the motor circuit will thus act as an internal control. We will additionally look at healthy controls as an external control.
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Optimism and the brain: trait optimism mediates the protective role of orbitofrontal cortex gray matter volume against anxiety
… anxiety. At the brain level, reduced volume in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) has been linked to increased vulnerability to anxiety, whereas intact functioning of the same region seems to promote resilience and is associated with trait optimism. However, so far it is not clear whether these two …
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Examining the role of the anterior and posterior orbitofrontal cortex in emotional regulation in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)
… dysfunction and structural abnormalities of the orbitofrontal cortex have been reported in a number of affective disorders, including depression and several anxiety disorders. However, research has largely centred around reward-guided decision-making and economic choice, as opposed to how it may …
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Neurochemical and Neuroanatomical Basis Of Reversal Learning In The Rat
… learning, focusing on the lateral and medial orbitofrontal cortex, as well as regions of the medial prefrontal cortex. Local temporary inactivation of these structures via infusion of a muscimol/baclofen mixture produced dissociable effects. Inactivation of the infralimbic cortex led to a …
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Morphological alterations in frontotemporal dementia:
… symptom appears related to the integrity of an orbitofrontal-temporal network, as opposed to the prevailing view of a degeneration of the orbitofrontal cortex. An important question in FTD is what constitutes the morphological link between the molecular pathologies and the characteristic …
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MEG coherence imaging in dyslexia: Activation of working memory pathways
… dyslexics). Coherence between the right lateral orbitofrontal gyrus and right middle orbitofrontal gyrus paired region substantially contributed to group membership. These findings deepen our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of dyslexia, highlighting the importance of working …
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Say cheese! Brain imaging of texture perception
… within the right oral somatosensory and left orbitofrontal cortex using representational similarity analysis. Multi-echo denoising successfully removed head-motion related signal changes without concurrently removing brain activity; but only if steps were taken to ensure head motion during the …
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Frontal Lobe Correlates in Hostile Men: Analysis of Facial Motor Tone and Cardiovascular Regulation
… the proposed relationship between right orbitofrontal functioning and hostility.
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The Dissociation of Valence and Intensity Using Alliesthesia and Thermal Stimulation
… with stimulus valence included the medial orbitofrontal cortex, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala, whereas stimulus intensity was correlated with activity in the insula, thalamus and striatum, among others. Our results suggest segregated patterns of neural activity underlying …
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Resting-State Functional Brain Networks in Bipolar Spectrum Disorder: A Graph Theoretical Investigation
… detection and processing of reward (bilateral orbitofrontal cortex), among participants at high risk for BSD. Participants with BSD showed increased inter-module connectivity of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Reward sensitivity was associated with decreased global and local …
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EXAMINING THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF NON-SUICIDAL SELF-INJURY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: THE ROLE OF REWARD RESPONSIVITY
… [VS, DS], anterior cingulate cortex [ACC], orbitofrontal cortex [OFC], ventrolateral and ventromedial prefrontal cortex [vlPFC; vmPFC], and insula) and whole-brain connectivity (utilizing bilateral DS, mPFC, and insula seed ROIs) in youth with and without NSSI. We used two reward tasks, in …
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