Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 78 for “"neural processes"”.
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Convolutional Conditional Neural Processes
Neural processes are a family of models which use neural networks to directly parametrise a map from data sets to predictions. Directly parametrising this map enables the use of expressive neural networks in small-data problems where neural networks would traditionally overfit. Neural processes can …
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Neural processes underpinning episodic memory
… imaging (fMRI) studies investigating its neural basis have revealed a consistent and distributed network of associated brain regions, surprisingly little is known about the contributions individual brain areas make to the recollective experience. In this thesis I address this fundamental …
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Neural Processes Underlying the Intrusion of Unwanted Memories
… against our will, disrupting ongoing cognitive processes and causing distress. Intrusive memories are a hallmark of a variety of psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression. As such, understanding the attentional processes underlying the sudden …
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The Neural Processes Family: Translation Equivariance and Output Dependencies
… 2021; Schmidhuber, 1987) directly from data. Neural processes (Garnelo et al., 2018a,b) are a family of meta-learning models which combine the flexibility of deep learning with the uncertainty awareness of probabilistic models. Training using meta-learning allows neural processes to apply deep …
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Approximate Inference in Bayesian Neural Networks and Translation Equivariant Neural Processes
… probabilistic machine learning models: Bayesian neural networks and neural processes. Bayesian neural networks are a classical model that has been the subject of research since the 1990s. They rely on Bayesian inference to represent uncertainty in the weights of a neural network. On the other …
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Investigations of the cognitive and neural processes supporting memory for neutral and emotional words
The cognitive and neural processes underlying memory formation may differ depending on the vividness, or detail, of information encoded. In Chapter 1, a divided attention paradigm was used to examine memory formation when resources are (a) devoted primarily to encoding and (b) directed away from …
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Reinforcement Learning Describes the Computational and Neural Processes Underlying Flexible Learning of Values and Attentional Selection
Attention and learning are cognitive control processes that are closely related. This thesis investigates this inter-relatedness by using computational models to describe the mechanisms that are shared between these processes. Computational models describe the transformation of stimuli to …
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Comparative studies on the auditory systems of Ensifera
The neural processes of acoustic information was investigated in examples of Ensifera. Sound reception by these insects has two main functions: localization and recognition of the sound source. This study investigated aspects of each of these processes.
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A Discrete Holographic Model of Neural Memory in the Context of Invariant Perception and Recognition
… The scheme employs the well-established neural processes of spatiotemporal summation and Hebbian plasticity to perform the necessary operations. It is shown to be a content-addressable, associative memory whose output is pseudoinvariant with respect to spatial translations of the input. …
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A Novel Experimental Method for Measuring Proactive and Reactive Responses to Threat and an Examination of Their Personality and Neural Correlates
… to threat exposure, and to identify the neural and personality correlates of individual differences in these responses. Three specific studies are reported wherein participants completed a novel shock avoidance paradigm while concurrent measures of behavioral, muscular, and sympathetic …
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Transfer learning in small-molecule drug discovery: From physics-based in-silico scores to realistic preclinical endpoints
… chapters. 4. The fourth chapter introduces graph neural processes for molecules. Neural processes are a family of models for meta-learning which try to emulate desirable properties of Gaussian processes with a neural architecture. In this chapter we evaluate their application to molecular …
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Understanding The Role Of Nutritional Stress In The Adult And Developing Zebra Finch
… early in life on behavior, as well hormonal and neural processes, in both juvenile and adult zebra finches of both sexes.</p>
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A cognitive approach to spatial patterning in literary narrative
… record, survive translation through the neural processes that support narrative production. Reviewing these neurological processes, specifically, episodic future thinking and language production - it is further argued here that the patterns are not interfered with by memory and language - …
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Remembering the past : multimodal imaging of cortical contributions to episodic retrieval
What is the nature of the neural processes that allow humans to remember past events? The theoretical framework adopted in this thesis builds upon cognitive models that suggest that episodic retrieval can be decomposed into two classes of computations: (1) recovery processes that serve to …
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Medial Prefrontal Cortex fNIRS Activity while Viewing Nature and Urban Scenes: The Search for Neurological Evidence of Nature's Transcendent Self-Diminishment Effect
… attention to oneself. To better understand the neural processes behind this, this study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) which is related to the self-concept. Participants were shown 12 images divided into four blocks …
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Neural adaptive mechanisms in respiratory regulation : theory and experiments
… considerably less is understood about the neural centers in the brainstem that give rise to known varied respiratory responses. A more complete understanding of respiratory regulation necessitates better knowledge of these underling brain mechanisms. While the task of breathing may seem …
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From representation to recognition : MEG studies of face perception
… to characterize the sequence of cognitive and neural processes underlying this remarkable ability. This work is designed to answer several questions. First, how long does it take for the human visual system to recognize a stimulus as a face? Second, what are the stages of processing in face …
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Controlling memory and resolving interference : prefrontal contributions to flexible behavior
… this dissertation characterize the cognitive and neural processes by which flexible performance is enabled during task switching. Chapter 1 reviews major findings and controversies in the task switching literature, highlighting (1) evidence that behavioral switch costs may derive from proactive …
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HORROR-EVOKED AROUSAL AND AMYGDALA BIAS OF THE MEDIAL TEMPORAL LOBE
… the relationship between threat-related neural circuitry during encoding of short movie clips to test temporal order memory and temporal distance memory. We measured neural circuitry in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), including the amygdala sub-nuclei areas of the basolateral and the …
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Keep calm and age well: Behavioural and electrophysiological investigations into the effects of cumulative stress exposure on ageing cognition
… that cumulative stress affects the underlying neural processes related to successful task execution. As such, from a methodological standpoint, the current research strongly advocates the use of neuroscientific tools such as the electroencephalogram to gain an increased understanding of the …
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