Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 20 of 175 for “"neural circuits"”.
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Analysis of neural circuits in vitro
… of manuscripts addressing connectivity of neural circuits in cultured hippocampal neurons. These studies begin with an investigation of dopaminergic modulation of excitatory synapses in small circuits of neurons grown on glial micro islands. We found that dopamine transiently depressed …
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Identification of Dendritic Processing in Spiking Neural Circuits
… to understanding the underlying principles of neural computation. In this thesis, we develop a novel theoretical framework for the identification of dendritic processing directly from spike times produced by spiking neurons. The problem setting of spiking neurons is necessary since such neurons …
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Models of neural circuits as optimally driven dynamical systems
… set of values they can take. When combined with neural or behavioural observations, these constraints allow to formulate unobserved inputs driving a neural population as the solution to an optimal control problem -- which here we solve using the iLQR algorithm. We first use this framework to …
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Genetic Dissection of Neural Circuits Underlying Value Based Decision Making
… objectives in everyday lives. To understand the neural substrates of this process, we developed a behavioral task for mice that required repetition of the processes of action initiation, action selection, and learning. The task is a two-option choice task with stochastic reward delivery and …
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Activity Dependent Trans-synaptic Tracing Of Neural Circuits In Drosophila
… system to study the mechanisms that translate neural circuits to meaningful behavioral responses. Delineation of neural circuits requires development of approaches that trace functional synaptic connections. We have developed HA-Tango-trace, an activity-dependent trans-synaptic tracer to define …
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Identifying key nodes in brain neural circuits controlling glucose homeostasis
… to evaluate the identity and role of these circuits in controlling physiological and behavioural responses to blood glucose changes. I first examined a group of neurons located on the floor of the brain, that we hypothesised might have this exact function: the glucokinase (Gck) -expressing …
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Neuromodulation and neural circuits underlying cognitive flexibility in the rat
… activity in the mesoaccumbal and nigrostriatal circuits during reversal learning. Here, activation of the mesoaccumbal, not nigrostriatal, circuit modulated reversal learning on trials when the expected reward was omitted. Taken together, these original results provide support for a dissociable …
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Tasting light through hydrogen peroxide : molecular mechanisms and neural circuits
… vision, I investigated the molecular and neural mechanisms that control this behavioral response. I identified the I2 pharyngeal neuron as a cellular light sensor required for the speed of feeding inhibition. Hydrogen peroxide elicited behavioral and cellular responses strikingly similar …
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Dynamical Systems Analysis of Neural Circuits with Applications to Physiological Processes
… for understanding how perturbations to neuronal circuits induce qualitative changes in activity. In terms of the MePD circuit, this framework helps explain how targeted experimental perturbations may reshape activity patterns and influence the downstream GnRH pulse generator dynamics, and hence …
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Advanced technologies for spatio-temporal control of neural circuits using optogenetics
… able to interface with the complexity of neural circuitry. Remarkable advances in this direction have been achieved in the past decades and it is now possible to optically control the neural activity of genetically targeted cells with techniques known as optogenetic stimulation. The …
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Augmenting Wiring Diagrams of Neural Circuits with Activity in Larval Drosophila
Neural circuit models explain an animal's behavior as evoked activity of different circuit elements of its nervous system. Synaptic wiring diagrams mapped from structural imaging of nervous systems guide modeling of neural circuits on the basis of connectivity. However, connectivity alone may not …
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Neural circuits for solving the cocktail party problem in mouse auditory cortex
Neural circuits that mediate complex behaviors contain several cell types, yet little is known about the role of each cell type within these circuits. An example problem in the auditory domain is how cortical circuits process complex natural sounds amidst competing stimuli from different spatial …
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Optimizing the neuromodulation of pathological neural circuits: multiparametric approaches and biomarker prediction
… approaches directly targeting specific brain circuits, offering new possibilities for effective interventions and therapeutic strategies. The modification of brain functioning derived from these devices or surgically based neuromodulations, in turn, has refined and deepened our understanding …
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The design and assembly of neural circuits for vocal communication in songbirds
… engineered retroviruses. Multiple populations of neural progenitors appear to exist in the juvenile zebra finch brain, and each produces different types of neurons. At least three cell types appear to be added to the postnatal finch brain. Homology between neurogenesis in the postnatal finch and …
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Mapping the neural circuits that underlie metabolic vs. emotional regulation of food-seeking behavior
… to obesity and eating disorders. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the modulation of cued food-seeking behaviors by distinct metabolic and threat states remain elusive. Using an approach-food vs. avoid-predator threat conflict test in rats, we identified a subpopulation of neurons in …
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The computations of neural circuits underlying flexible cognition and how they come to be
… constraints. To do so efficiently, the brain’s neural circuits and inner computations need to be tightly intertwined, forming a highly optimised entity. This thesis is going to highlight the circuit dynamics underlying the brain’s flexible problem solving in primate prefrontal cortex and how the …
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Molecular mechanisms of memory formation : using activity regulated genes to identify active neural circuits
… by behavioral experience in a variety of neural circuits in mice, rats, and Drosophila. We believe that the tools developed in this thesis can provide a major advancement in the field, and will allow researchers to target any neural circuit activated by experience in a variety of species.
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Cognition in healthy aging and Parkinson's disease : structural and functional integrity of neural circuits
… brain anatomy and physiology and how these neural changes relate to measures of cognition and perception. While healthy aging and PD are both accompanied by a wide-range of cognitive impairments, the neural underpinnings of cognitive decline in each is likely mediated by deterioration of …
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