Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 36 for “"negative reinforcement"”.
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Shaping Cows' Approach to Humans Using Positive and Negative Reinforcement
Negative reinforcement can be a powerful tool for behavior analysts, yet it is often overlooked as a treatment method. Pryor (1999) outlines a method for approaching a "timid" animal using a combination of negative reinforcement and positive reinforcement. When the animal stands still, the human …
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The Effects of Combining Positive and Negative Reinforcement During Training.
… was to compare the effects of combining negative reinforcement and positive reinforcement during teaching with the effects of using positive reinforcement alone. A behavior was trained under two stimulus conditions and procedures. One method involved presenting the cue ven and reinforcing …
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Assessing the effects of negative reinforcement on parent integrity when implementing time out
… to contribute to parent nonadherence is negative reinforcement. To further investigate, the current study first taught parents correct implementation of a time out procedure, then through a series of practice sessions, manipulated role-player behavior in an attempt to directly observe and …
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Negative Reinforcement by Timeout from Avoidance: The Roles of Discriminative Cues, Shock-Frequency Reduction, and Response-Effort Reduction
Timeout from avoidance is an effective reinforcer, but the reason is not firmly established. Rats responded on concurrent schedules of avoidance and timeout. Pressing the right lever postponed shocks according to a schedule with a response-shock interval of 30 s and a shock-shock interval of 5 s, …
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A Constructional Canine Aggression Treatment: Using a Negative Reinforcement Shaping Procedure With Dogs in Home and Community Settings.
… In this study the effects of the differential negative reinforcement of safe, alternative behaviors to aggression using distancing as the reinforcer were evaluated. The results demonstrated that even when the aggression was in evidence throughout most of the dog's lifetime, it responded quickly …
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Crayfish as a biomonitor for the algal toxin microcystin-LR
… to respond to a neutral scent using positive and negative reinforcement. They associated the scent with positive reinforcement (p < 0.001) but not negative reinforcement (p = 0.21), suggesting crayfish may be incapable of associating scents with negative tactile stimuli.</p>
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The Effect of Unrewarded Exploration Upon Maze Learning in Rats
… performance under condition of both positive and negative reinforcement.
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Impact of Training Method on Behavioral, Physiological, and Relationship Measures in Horses
… the equine world has started using positive reinforcement (R+); as such, horses often experience a combination of negative reinforcement (R-) and R+. I compared the effects of R- to a combination of positive and negative reinforcement (R-/R+) training. Horses were trained to walk across two …
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Predictors of practice approaches and activitives of Louisiana school social workers : toward a model of practice
… development and supervision, and more use of negative reinforcement. The more years of practice for school social workers the less direct services and less individual counseling were used. The younger the social worker, the less assessment and evaluation were used. The older the social worker, …
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Using functional analysis methodology to evaluate neuroleptic medication effects on positively and negatively reinforced severe problem behavior.
… by two behavioral mechanisms, positive or negative reinforcement. Functional analysis (FA) was conducted concurrent with the medication evaluation to determine how SPB is differentially affected by the medication under common environmental situations. Weekly rating scales were completed by …
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Reinforcement Learning and the Error -Related Negativity: A Computational and Neurophysiological Investigation
… behaviors: a mesencephalic dopamine system for reinforcement learning, and a ""generic"" error-processing system associated with anterior cingulate cortex. The existence of the error-processing system has been inferred from the ""Error-Related Negativity,"" a component of the event-related brain …
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The effect of a weighted checklist and weekly feedback on university housing staff performance
… control measures in the form of punishment and negative reinforcement are widely used in business and other organizations. The purpose of the present study was to systematically evaluate an alternative to aversive control. The effect of a package intervention consisting of a weighted checklist, …
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An exploratory study of deliberate self-harm in a South African student population
… on the FASM were conceptualised in light of the reinforcement mechanisms of social learning theory. PCA revealed a four-factor model for the reasons students engaged in DSH, constituent of the following components: social positive reinforcement, social negative reinforcement, automatic …
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Improving outpatient physical therapy
… assigned exercises utilizing both positive and negative reinforcement. PT Helper was developed with feedback from clinical physical therapists and evaluated by former patients, current patients, and an athletic trainer. These evaluations support the hypotheses that PT Helper is a useful tool in …
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Dopamine and the Temporal Dependence of Learning and Memory
… and avoidance of punishments. Positive or negative reinforcements, like a food reward or painful shock, impart meaningful valence onto sensory cues in the animal's environment. The ability of animals to form associations between a sensory cue and a rewarding or punishing reinforcement …
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Conjugate Reinforcement: The Effects of Stimulus Clarity
… schedules of covariation, specifically conjugate reinforcement. While less studied, conjugate reinforcement schedules have been used predominately in basic studies examining a variety of phenomena. Recent research (MacAleese et al., 2015) is beginning to examine the schedule, and its parameters, …
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Evaluation of a Functional Treatment for Binge Eating Associated with Bulimia Nervosa
… was hypothesized to be maintained by relief from negative emotional responding. The study involved four women who engaged in binge-eating behavior, one of whom met the diagnostic criteria for Bulimia Nervosa. The treatment was successful, with three of the four participants obtaining abstinence. …
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A Behavioral Syndrome in the Southern Red-Backed Salamander (Plethodon Serratus)
… Operant conditioning experiments tested whether negative reinforcement influenced the behavioral syndrome of females. Within-context changes in behavior were weak, but there were significant changes in cross-context behavior suggesting behavioral syndrome instability in these salamanders. These …
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Assessing the Potential Aversiveness of Vicarious Reinforcement Arrangements in Preschool Children
Vicarious reinforcement (VSR) refers to a change in behavior as a result of observing the delivery of reinforcement to another person (Kazdin, 1973). As such, VSR procedures would appear to be a viable teaching strategy for use in group settings (e.g., preschool classrooms) as it may prove to be an …
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Telehealth Training of Caregivers to Increase PAP Machine Use in Adults with Down syndrome
… up to 4 hours of PAP machine use), differential negative reinforcement (i.e., longer breaks following compliance, shorter breaks following noncompliance with the graduated exposure step), contingent positive reinforcement (i.e., rewards following compliance with the graduated exposure step) and …
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