Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 100 for “"mutation rate"”.
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An assessment of the mutation rate of human microsatellites
Örtungl samanstanda af 2-6 kirna endurteknum DNA röðum og eru með algengustu breytileikunum í erfðamengi mannsins. Skilningur á stökkbreytingar-mynstrum örtungla getur gefið okkur miklar upplýsingar um þróun mannsins og spilar því stórt hlutverk í stofnerfðafræði. Í þessari rannsókn reiknuðum við …
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Evolutionary Instability Of Genomic Mutation Rate In Rapidly Adapting Asexual Mutator Escherichia Coli Populations
Alleles conferring higher mutation rates (mutators) can fix in asexual populations through a process called ‘mutator hitchhiking’. Theory predicts that repeated mutator hitchhiking can occur in an adapting asexual mutator population. I tested this prediction in two settings: a mutL- population …
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Mutation Rate Analysis of the Human Mitochondrial D-loop and its Implications for Forensic Identity Testing
… identity testing, a better understanding of its mutation rate is needed. Prior to the middle 1990's the mutation rate applied to a forensic or evolutionary analysis was determined by phylogenetic means, This method involved calculating genetic distances as determined by amino acid or DNA sequence …
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Experimental and theoretical investigations of the relationship between fitness and mutation rate evolution in E. coli
The student, Nicholas Sherer, accepted the attached license on 2019-10-04 at 14:23.
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Dynamic Mutation Rates and Extinction in Sexual Organisms
I analyzed the dynamics of the mutation rate in both finite and infinite randomly-mating populations. Germ-line mutator alleles, alleles that increase the genomic mutation rate, frequently occur when mutations alter the structure or regulation of genes involved in DNA repair, a fraction of the …
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An exploration of mutation effect sizes in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
<p>Mutation rates vary within and among species, in part reflecting the variable input of the two main sources of mutation, DNA replication errors and DNA damage. In somatic tissues, oxidative damage resulting from free radical attacks on DNA is an important and well-characterized cause of …
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Self-adaptive evolution of model structures and parameters / by Jason John Bobbin.
… to establish the efficiency of the self-adaptive mutation scheme when compared to apriori settings of the mutation rate. The self-adaptive scheme is found to perform optimally, removing the trial-and-error experimentation often required to get satisfactory performance from fixed mutation-rate …
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Bioluminescence-Based High Precision Bacterial Growth Rate Measurements and Their Potential Application in Quantifying Deleterious Effects of High Mutation Rates
<p>The genomic mutation rate of wild-type Escherichia coli is 3E-3 per generation, a value that is shared by many DNA-based microbes and viruses. A majority of clinical isolates of E. coli also have a mutation rate that is close to the wild-type value. These findings raise the possibility that the …
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Dynamics of Competition using a Bit String Model with Age Structure and Mutations
… genetics [Fisher,Wright], is required. When mutations are allowed between the competing species, the dynamics becomes more interesting. The mutation rate becomes a parameter that dictates the steady state behavior. If the two species are not equally fit, the value of the mutation rate …
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The human molecular clock and mutation process : a characterization using microsatellite DNA
… data from populations around the world to demonstrate that microsatellites are accurate molecular clocks for coalescent times of at least two million years. These results raise the prospect of using microsatellite data sets to determine parameters of population history. In order to calibrate …
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Mathematical Modeling and Disease Related Applications: A New Method of Estimating Bacterial Mutation Rates, Dynamics of Killer Yeast in a Chemostat, and Other Problems
… we find adaptation, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, natural selection and speciation. The following thesis explores bacterial mutation rate, mutants, mutators, and how competition acts as a driving force of adaptation.</p> <p>In chapter 1, the system used in reference for mutation is the …
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Mathematical Modeling and Disease Related Applications: A New Method of Estimating Bacterial Mutation Rates, Dynamics of Killer Yeast in a Chemostat, and Other Problems
… we find adaptation, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, natural selection and speciation. The following thesis explores bacterial mutation rate, mutants, mutators, and how competition acts as a driving force of adaptation.</p> <p>In chapter 1, the system used in reference for mutation is the …
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Human Mutation/substitution Rate: Variability, Modeling And Applications
Mutation generates genetic variation, and in turn selection purges deleterious variants from the population. Understanding both is critical for discovering causal genes and variants behind diseases or making inferences about evolutionary processes. Human mutation rate varies significantly across …
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Collateral sensitivity and the evolution of drug resistance in Escherichia coli
… for designing new therapies that could reduce rates of evolution of antibiotic resistance in pathogens. To explore this idea, I tested the key assumption that collateral sensitivity should reduce the frequency of mutation to resistance. Ceftazidime resistant strains showed susceptibility to …
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The Effects of Dimethyl Sulfoxide on the Mutagenic Action of Ethyl Methanesulfonate in Drosophila Melanogaster
… a potent alkylating agent, capable of inducing mutations in Drosophila at frequencies as great as 70%. EMS is often referred to as a radiomimetic substance because of the similarities between the clinical manifestations of radiation damage and injury due to alkylating agents. Dimethyl sulfoxide …
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Empirical investigation of de novo mutations conferring herbicide resistance
… within the population, as well as, may immigrate via pollen or seeds from other populations. Moreover, because all natural populations are constantly subject to new mutant genotypes by de novo mutations, resistant mutants may arise spontaneously in any herbicide-sensitive weed population. …
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Spectroscopic analysis and synthesis of nucleoside analogs for lethal mutagenesis
The high mutation rate of HIV makes treatment of HIV/AIDS difficult, as the virus can develop resistance to existing therapeutics. A novel antiviral nucleoside analog, 5-Aza-5,6-dihydro-2'- deoxycytidine (KP1212), employs the mechanism of lethal mutagenesis to avoid the problem of drug resistance …
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Studies On The Determinants Of HIV Mutagenesis And Strategies For Its Enhancement
… evolving entities on earth, due in part to a mutation rate that is at least 10,000-fold higher than that of eukaryotic genomic DNA. The adaptability of HIV-1 prevents clearance of the virus by the immune system, promotes drug resistance, and has impeded development of effective vaccines. The …
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Modeling the Effects of Drugs of Abuse on HIV Infections with Two Viral Species
… the presence of morphine can decrease the viral mutation rate and cellular immune responses. This thesis presents a mathematical model to determine if the decrease in mutation and cellular immune response in the presence of morphine can account for the increased viral load. Two viral species are …
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Translesion synthesis and mutations: On the mutagenic properties of the two DNA lesions, 8-oxo-G and Pt-GG, and the functions of Y-family DNA polymerases and Rev3L on the bypass of each of the DNA lesions in mammalian cells
… crosslinked 1,2-d(GpG) or Pt-GG to cause mutations in mammalian cells. Using isogenic cell lines generated from mice with selective gene knockouts of distinct DNA polymerases as models, I deduced the biological functions of the translesion DNA polymerases Pol eta, Pol kappa, Pol iota, Rev1 …
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