Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 29 for “"multidrug efflux"”.
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Structural mechanism for multidrug efflux systems
… heavy metal ions, is the expression of membrane efflux transporters that recognize and actively export these toxic compounds out of bacterial cells, thereby allowing them to survive in extremely toxic conditions. Many of these transporters are multiple drug binding proteins which extrude …
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On the Structure and Function of Multidrug Efflux Pumps
Infections arising from multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria are spreading rapidly throughout the world and threaten to become untreatable. The origins of resistance are numerous and complex, but one underlying factor is the capacity of bacteria to rapidly export drugs through the intrinsic …
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Purification and characterisation of the Escherichia coli multidrug efflux protein MdtM
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the simultaneous acquisition of resistance by bacteria to a broad spectrum of structurally dissimilar compounds to which they have not been previously exposed. The principle cause of MDR has been identified as the efflux of antimicrobials from the cell by proteins …
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Mechanistic studies of a multidrug efflux protein from <i>Escherichia coli</i>
… a wide range of antimicrobial agents. These multidrug resistant (MDR) organisms pose a “catastrophic threat” to modern medical procedures which rely upon effective infection control. Therefore, there is great need to understand the mechanisms behind the MDR, including the efflux pumps which …
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Structure and Dynamics of AcrA, a Periplasmic Component of a Multidrug Efflux Pump
AcrA is the periplasmic component of an efflux system AcrA-AcrB-TolC, which can expel different classes of antibiotics. AcrB is the inner membrane (IM) pump that utilizes proton-motive force for the active transport, TolC is the outer membrane (OM) channel, and AcrA coordinates the actions of AcrB …
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Deciphering Multidrug Efflux: Substrate Interactions and Transport Mechanisms in PatAB and NorM-VC
Multidrug efflux transporters are ubiquitously expressed in all kingdoms of life. In bacteria, they participate in several innate physiological functions to aid survival and adaptation. Given their crucial roles in conferring antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the understanding of the structural and …
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Characterization of the MexT Regulator of the mexEF-oprN Multidrug Efflux Operon of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
… antibiotics and this is partly attributable to multidrug efflux systems in this organism. One of these, MexEF-OprN, exports chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones and trimethoprim and is positively regulated by MexT, encoded by the mexT gene that is located upstream of the efflux genes. MexT also …
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Molecular recognition, in- and out- of equilibrium, in the actions of bacterial multidrug efflux nanomachines
… drug resistance is through the expression of multidrug efflux transporters. Among the many efflux pumps present in bacterial lineages, the AcrAB-TolC assembly in Escherichia coli is one of the best studied efflux machines for conferring intrinsic multidrug resistance. This assembly is a …
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Molecular characterization of ABC-type multidrug efflux systems in Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longumT JCM 1217
… antibiotic resistance, genes which confer multidrug resistance by the active hydrolysis of ATP were studied here. These genes belong to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family of efflux transporters.
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The Role of Multidrug Efflux Pumps in the Stress Response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Organic Contamination
… physiological damage due to the upregulation of multidrug efflux pumps. Further study of this PCP-mediated induction of efflux pumps revealed a simultaneous increase in antibiotic resistance. It was discovered that the resistance nodulation-cell division (RND) efflux pump, MexAB-OprM, in …
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Regulation of the MexAB-OprM Multidrug Efflux System of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Involvement of Pentachlorophenol and Plant Chemicals
… to a variety of antimicrobials mediated by multidrug efflux systems. The MexAB-OprM efflux system is constitutively expressed in wildtype strains and contributes to innate antimicrobial resistance, while hyperexpression of the system results in acquired high levels of resistance. MexAB-OprM …
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Characterization of NfxB and PA4596, Two Repressors of the mexCD-oprJ Operon Encoding an RND-Type Multidrug Efflux Pump in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
MexCD-OprJ is an RND-type multidrug efflux pump present in P. aeruginosa and is capable of exporting, and as such providing resistance to, several clinically important antimicrobials including fluoroquinolones, cephems, macrolides, and several biocides including chlorhexidine (CHX). Expression of …
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Structural characterization of superbug proteins involved in regulating beta-lactam resistance
… for β-lactams and (3) overexpression of multidrug efflux pumps which actively expunge β-lactams and other toxic substances. The overall goal of this thesis is the structural characterization of bacterial proteins involved in regulating β-lactam resistance. The notorious resistance of …
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DNA repair in bacteroides fragilis
… oxidation/reduction enzymes, over-expression of multidrug efflux pumps and the conversion of metronidazole to non-toxic derivatives by nitroimidazole nitroreductases (encoded by nim genes). However, metronidazole resistance could also potentialIy be mediated by the over-expression or enhanced …
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Investigating antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Neisseria gonorrhoeae using peptide probes
… major cause of resistance is the expression of a multidrug efflux pump termed MtrCDE, which exports a wide range of antimicrobial agents. Efflux pumps are membrane-bound systems and consequently challenging to study and target with drugs. The transcriptional regulator (MtrR) of the efflux pump, …
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The impact of a single nucleotide polymorphism in fusA1 on biofilm formation and virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
… phenotypes, identifying the up-regulation of multidrug efflux systems and modulations to the chemotactic systems. This study also found links between several biological processes that were modulated in the mutant strain, such as crosstalk between sulfur metabolism, iron uptake and the …
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Influence of Membrane-Damaging Agents and the Sigma Factor AlgU on the Induction of the MexCD-OprJ Efflux System of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
The MexCD-OprJ multidrug efflux pump of Pseudomonas aeruginosa confers resistance to a range of antimicrobials. Although not expressed under normal laboratory conditions, exposure to the membrane-active biocides, chlorhexidine or benzalkonium chloride, results in mexCD-oprJ expression. This …
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Structural and Mechanistic Studies of Multidrug Resistance Efflux Pumps in Multiple Families
Multidrug resistance, whereby pathogens develop resistance to several antimicrobial agents, is a large and growing public health concern globally. In order to combat its continued spread, a better understanding of resistance mechanisms is necessary. One recurring mechanism of multidrug resistance …
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On the mechanisms of transport and energy coupling in ABC exporters
The rapid emergence of multidrug resistant bacterial strains represents a major global healthcare issue. Amongst five known classes of membrane transporters, which play a huge role in multidrug efflux, primary-active ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are ATP powered whilst secondary-active …
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Expression of the multi-drug efflux genes acrAB of Escherichia coli
The action of AcrAB-ToIC, a multidrug efflux system of Escherichia co/i, is largely responsible for the increased intrinsic resistance of this organism to many antimicrobial agents. The level of mRNA specific to the acrAB efflux genes is elevated by six-fold during exponential phase of growth in LB …
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