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Showing 1 to 20 of 72 for “"motor proteins"”.
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Cooperative behavior of motor proteins
The cytoskeletal motor protein kinesin-1 (conventional kinesin) is the fast carrier for intracellular cargo transport along microtubules. So far most studies aimed at investigating the transport properties of individual motor molecules. However, the transport in cells usually involves the …
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Phenomenological models of motor proteins
Motor proteins produce directional movement and mechanical output in cells by converting chemical energy into mechanical work. Innovative applications of physics experimental techniques to the study of motor proteins have generated a wealth of data. By careful analysis and modeling of this data, we …
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Role of Microtubule Motor Proteins in Adenoviral Infections
… The adenoviral capsid mainly consists of three proteins (fiber, penton base, hexon) that form a rigid shell to protect the viral genome outside of host cells. However, they are able to orchestrate a precise disassembly program initiated once the next susceptible cell is reached, leading to …
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Characterization and cooperative dynamics of kinesin motor proteins in intracellular transport
… transport is typically carried out by teams of motor proteins rather than by isolated molecules, yet the rules governing multi-motor coordination remain poorly understood because motor number, spacing, and composition are difficult to control experimentally. In this dissertation, I developed …
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Patterning planar surfaces with motor proteins: Towards spatial control over motile microtubules
… a nanoscale transport system based on molecular motors and filaments of the cytoskeleton proved as a promising approach to this problem. Therefore, the objective of this work was to pattern planar surfaces with motor proteins in a way that allows controlled and guided movement of …
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Identification of a Novel Link between the Motor Proteins Dynein and Kinesin-1
The motor proteins dynein and kinesin are fascinating biological machines which, like vehicles in a city, move various cellular cargoes along cytoskeletal microtubules (MT). In filamentous fungi, these motors are important for the hyphal growth, which is characterized by localized extension at the …
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Studying Processive Molecular Motors Inside Live Cells
Processive molecular motors are the proteins that transport various kinds of cargos within a cell. All processive motors have two motor domains that let the protein proceed by taking steps. These motor proteins can carry their cargos for microns by taking hundreds of steps before detaching form the …
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Theoretical aspects of motor protein induced filament depolymerisation
… in cells are driven by highly specialised motor proteins, which interact with the cytoskeleton: a network of filamentous structures, e.~g.~ actin filaments and microtubules, which organises intracellular transport and largely determines the cell shape. These motor proteins are able to …
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In vitro reconstitution of Central Spindle Motility
… specific attachment, often involving dedicated motor proteins, to cytoskeletal network. While much is known about the biophysics of motors on isolated tracks, how the complex cytoskeleton topologies found in cells, such as antiparallel microtubule (MT) overlaps, can influence the steady state …
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Non-equilibrium dynamics of adsorbed polymers and filaments
… filament motion in motility assays for motor proteins, where filaments glide over a motor-coated substrate. The model for the simulation of the filament dynamics contains interactive deformable filaments that move under the influence of forces from molecular motors and thermal noise. …
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Adaptive Control of an Optical Trap for Single Molecule and Motor Protein Research
… of the mechanics of single molecules and motor proteins. This instrument provides a more precise means of manipulating biological specimen as well as a tool for nanofabrication and has the potential to expand the knowledge base of DNA, chromosomes, biomotors, motor proteins, reversible …
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Regulation of Organelle Transport by Myosin v in the Cell Cycle
Eukaryotic cells utilize motor proteins to transport cargo to their correct intracellular destinations and compartmentalize the cytoplasm. While the list of motor proteins and their cargo continues to expand, little is known about the regulation of motor-cargo association. Xenopus laevis …
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Site-directed mutagenesis of the ncd microtubule motor protein
Ncd is a member of the kinesin family of motor proteins. Ncd is involved in the processes of meiosis and early mitosis in <i>D. melanogaster</i>. PCR-mediated site-directed mutagenesis was utilized to introduce specific mutations into pET/MC6, a construct containing the motor domain of ncd. Six …
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Effects of cross-link and myosin motor concentrations on active muscle gel contraction time and extent
… of the cytoskeleton. Utilizing myosin II motor proteins to initiate contraction events in actin networks, active muscle gels have the unique potential of acting as microscopic actuators. Two challenges currently faced by active muscle gels are their slow contraction time and weak …
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Stochastic Modeling and Simulations of Biological Transport
… of both experiments and theory are necessary. Motor proteins constitute a major portion of the active transport in the living cell. However, the actual mechanism of how chemical energy is converted into their directed motion has still remained obscure. Recent experiments on motor proteins have …
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Regulation of Bidirectional Microtubule-Dependent Organelle Transport in Xenopus Laevis Melanophores
… or dispersed throughout the cytoplasm by the motor proteins kinesin-2, cytoplasmic dynein, and myosin V. While the motor proteins responsible for melanosome transport have been identified, the regulatory mechanisms that control melanosome transport are less known. The following dissertation …
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Signals Regulating Organelle Transport in Melanophores
To investigate the mechanisms of regulation of motor proteins driving melanosome transport, the phosphorylation states of the motors and the levels of motors on the organelles were examined. Immunoprecipitation of myosin V showed that the motor subunit is more heavily phosphorylated in cells …
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Microtubule Dynamics in Neuronal Morphogenesis
… a transport route for cellular cargo carried by motor proteins. Exactly how microtubules are organized and maintained in neurons is not clear, but microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) in neurons are not required as in non-neuronal cells. Assembly of microtubules within neurons is a major factor …
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The characterisation of family-13 kinesins in Trypanosoma brucei
Kinesins are motor proteins involved in the movement of organelles and sub-organelles along microtubule tracks within the cell. Phylogenetic analysis of the 46 kinesin genes coded by the Trypanosoma brucei genome resulted in the grouping of seven kinesin sequences into the Kinesin-13 family. …
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Regulation of chromosome attachment and dynamics by Saccharomyces cerevisiae kinetochores
… movement throughout the cell cycle. The proteins that regulate both force generation at kinetochores as well as and the cell-cycle-dependent changes in kinetochore architecture are largely unknown. The relative simplicity of centromere specification and kinetochore-microtubule attachment …
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