Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 15 of 15 for “"moment arm"”.
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Predicting off-axis bone strength of the distal radius using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography based finite element modeling
… The objective of this research was to identify moment arms in a HR-pQCT distal radius FE model that best predicted off-axis experimental failure load with highest explained variance and least error. We scanned the distal radius (9.5 mm site) of 21 fresh-frozen cadaveric forearms from female …
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Towards the development of a dynamic device for the evaluation of hypertonia of the upper extremity
… hypertonia of the finger flexors due to the moment arm that these muscles‟ tendons have at the wrist joint. As such, robotic wrist flexor evaluation devices that measure only the wrist joint torque cannot distinguish between wrist and finger flexor hypertonia. A robotic device measuring …
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Differences between adult and pediatric neck muscle stress due muscle recruitment patterns
… imaging was used to measure the muscle length, moment arm and cross-sectional area of the superficial flexor and extensor muscles of the neck. </p> <p>Two EMG studies were used to analyze the muscle force generated in the neck in response to static and dynamic loads. In the static study, …
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Adaptive, Anthropomorphic Robot Hands for Grasping and In-Hand Manipulation
… joint, by using two actuators. Moment arm pulleys are employed to drive the tendon laterally, such that an amplification on the abduction motion occurs, while also maintaining the flexion motion. Particular emphasis has been given to the modeling and the analysis of the actuation …
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Pelvic Shape, Hip Abductor Mechanics and Locomotor Energetics in Extinct Hominins and Modern Humans
… Using an inverse dynamics approach, joint moments, effective mechanical advantage, muscle force and active muscle volume of the hip abductors, hip extensors, knee extensors and ankle plantarflexors was determined. The results show that pelvic width: biacetabular) is poorly correlated with …
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Muscle responses to stretching and developing effective interventions in children with cerebral palsy
… We show that a smaller Achilles tendon moment arm leads to a decrease in muscle lengthening during joint rotation. Additionally, we show that the relative stiffness of the muscle to the tendon is increased in children with CP, which further limits lengthening of the muscle during joint …
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The effectiveness of a lateral wedge insole on knee pain, physical activity and joint loading in individuals with medial knee osteoarthritis
… Knee loading (i.e. External Knee Adduction Moment (EKAM)) is higher in individuals with medial knee OA compared with healthy subjects. Lateral wedge insoles (LWI) are designed to reduce the knee loading by altering the Ground Reaction Force (GRF) vector more laterally to be closer to the …
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Dynamic Analysis of Musculoskeletal System Performances during Human Standing and Walking
… The refined model generated reasonable muscle moment arm and net muscle moment data over a complete walking cycle. <br/><br/>Finally, a novel computational framework has been developed to evaluate the mechanical loadings at each individual skeletal muscle group during human walking by …
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Morphologische Grundlagen für ein Forward-Dynamik-Modell der Schultergliedmaße des Deutschen Schäferhundes und invers dynamische Untersuchungen zu den gelenkresultierenden Kräften der großen Gliedmaßengelenke
… as action lines, in order to calculate the moment arm of the muscles. The physiological cross-section areas of the according muscles of the investigated dogs were significantly different in size. This is probably due to the different constitution of the dogs, in both the nutritional status …
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Biomechanical assessment of RTSA functional outcomes towards optimising the prosthesis configuration
… outcome measures (deltoid elongation, deltoid moment arm, joint stability and impingement-free range of motion) were evaluated for each motion. The framework took anatomical variability into consideration by performing the simulations using a subject-specific reverse shoulder cohort. Further, …
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The Biomechanics of Spear Throwing: An Analysis of the Effects of Anatomical Variation on Throwing Performance, with Implications for the Fossil Record
… mechanical advantage: EMA, the ratio of moment arm to load arm) than Neandertals, as a result of selection for throwing, as this could provide increased joint angular velocity at the cost of strength. However the biomechanical principles underpinning this assertion had not been tested …
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Optimisation of insertion point during latissimus dorsi tendon transfer
… 2005) was used to simulate tendon transfers. The moment arms in flexion and rotation were measured and recorded at angles of 0° and 90° of forward ix elevation. The moment arms at each point were then projected onto humeral maps to display the results. Cadaver Trial Four fresh frozen cadaver …
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Neuromuscular adaptations of joint angle-specific force change after isometric training
… which peak muscle force (i.e. quadriceps torque/moment arm) was 80% of the peak force obtained at the optimum joint angle. Clear joint angle specificity was seen in SL (force increased 13.4 ± 2.4% at 40°), which was associated with an increase in VL EMG around the training (40°; 26.4 ± 15.5%) and …
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Laboratory measurements of the sound generated by breaking waves
Breaking waves dissipate energy, transfer momentum from the wind to surface currents and breaking enhances the transfer of gas and mass across the air-sea interface. Breaking waves are believed to be the dominant source of sea surface sound at frequencies greater than 500 Hz and the presence of …