Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 28 for “"model bias"”.
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Improved integration of information to reduce subsurface model bias
Subsurface modeling deals with data-related issues like cognitive and sampling biases, and model-related challenges including statistical assumptions, misspecification, and algorithmic biases. These challenges introduce four critical implications during subsurface modeling. Firstly, subsurface …
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Advancing Precision in Prenatal Depression Prediction: Leveraging EMRs and Enhancing ML-Model Fairness
Machine learning models for predicting perinatal depression (PND) from electronic medical records (EMRs) show promise for early intervention, yet significant performance disparities (model bias) across sociodemographic groups limit their clinical utility for diverse populations. Current EMR-based …
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Reliability Analysis of the HEC-18 Scour Equation and AASHTO Deep Foundation Design Codes
… It was found that the uncertainty of the model bias for the HEC-18 equation has a significant impact on the reliability index; the reliability index is 1.47 in average when using the NCHRP 489 model bias, and 2.32 when using the NCHRP 24-34 model bias. The research found that the upper …
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INCORPORATING CLIMATE CHANGE PROJECTIONS INTO RISK MEASURES OF INDEX-BASED INSURANCE
… working example of using regional climate model projections to estimate the changing risks of temperature index-based insurance products defined for a series of locations in California. This region is a major agricultural producer for the US and the world. The climate model projections are …
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Explanation Alignment: Quantifying the Correctness of Model Reasoning At Scale
To improve the reliability of machine learning models, researchers have developed metrics to measure the alignment between model saliency and human explanations. Thus far, however, these saliency-based alignment metrics have been used to conduct descriptive analyses and instance-level evaluations …
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Quantitatively Motivated Model Development Framework: Downstream Analysis Effects of Normalization Strategies
… to be no consistent, quantitatively motivated model development framework in data science, and the downstream analysis effects of various modeling choices are not uniformly documented. Examples are provided which illustrate that analytic choices, even if justifiable and statistically valid, …
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Improving the Efficiency of Dairy Cattle Feeding
… (Mitchell and Block, 1946). Inaccuracies in models that predict nutrient supply and requirements of dairy cows result in inefficient feeding, as under-prediction of requirements results in deficiency, and over-prediction results in excess. To avoid limitations in production due to AA …
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Performance Reliability of Landfill Lining Systems
… facility. First, a numerical finite difference model is developed to simulate flow conditions within the lining system, and thus predict performance. This model is capable of simulating lining systems with complex configurations under transient flow conditions. Second, probabilistic procedures …
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On surface versus atmospheric forcing in regional climate simulations
… drifted downstream because of the positive model bias on wind speeds, implying the necessity of periodically reinitializing the model. The simulated domain-averaged variables were not sensitive to model reinitialization, suggesting the feasibility of dividing long regional climate …
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The use and application of performance metrics with regional climate models
… robust approaches to evaluate regional climate model (RCM) historical skill using performance metrics and to provide guidance to relevant groups as to how best utilise these metrics. Performance metrics are quantitative, scalar measures of the numerical distance, or ’error’, between historical …
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The climatology of Thailand and future climate change projections using the regional climate model precis
… This work facilitates the Regional Climate Model validation work which follows. The Providing REgional Climates for Impact Studies regional climate model, PRECIS, was run for the first time over Southeast Asia to specifically study the climate of Thailand. The first phase is model validation …
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Applications of Adjoint Modelling in Chemical Composition: Studies of Tropospheric Ozone at Middle and High Northern Latitudes
… The GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model and its adjoint are used to interpret the impacts of midlatitude precursor emissions and atmospheric transport on the tropospheric ozone distribution at middle and high northern latitudes. In the Arctic, the model reproduces seasonal cycles of …
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The Decorrelation Length and Time Scale - Diagnostic Tools to Visualize Spatial and Temporal Variability in Geophysical Fields
Atmospheric reanalyses and model data are becoming more commonly used. However, most reanalyses and global climate models have resolutions of ~50 km or lower --- scales too coarse to capture many topographic and coastal effects within various geophysical fields such as precipitation and wind speed. …
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Reliability analyses for foundation and soil reinforcement applications
… geotechnical parameters, such as pile resistance model bias, due to its non-negative property and mathematical simplicity. However, pile resistance bias data may exhibit multi-modal behaviour and complex tails not captured by lognormal distributions. This thesis uses the Kernel distribution to fit …
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Employment of Multi-Source Satellite-Based Observations in Air Quality Modeling over Asia
… particulate matter (PM) emissions to improve model accuracy in simulating aerosol optical depth (AOD), using nitrogen dioxide (NO2) columns and AOD data from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI), and Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI). While the …
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Colorism and Local Policing: Setting the Foundation for More Expansive Research on Racial Discrimination at the Local Level
… hindered our ability to adequately respond to biased criminal justice (CJ) outcomes; and 2) there are hidden patterns of biased behaviors that originate at the street-level, and these patterns have the propensity to impact every aspect of CJ. Colorism could serve as a more comprehensive …
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Pre-mining hydrologic analysis using modeling and geographic information system technology
… of mining. The Finite Element Storm Hydrograph Model (FESHM) was used to demonstrate the utility of hydrologic modeling concepts in simulating runoff volumes and peak flows. Guidelines were proposed for using this methodology to simulate selected pre-mining hydrologic conditions. The use of …
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Innovative water tracers and water isotopes enhance Antarctic research with climate models
… confounded by many influencing factors, climate models are instrumental in elucidating relevant processes. Here I aim to leverage climate models for Antarctic studies. Firstly, I developed innovative water tracing diagnostics in an isotope-enabled atmospheric general circulation model …
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Air quality and climate change in the greater Cape Town area
… with the SAHP system. The Global Circulation Models (GCMs) ECHAM5, CNRM-CM3 and CSIRO-MK3.5 are used to study the potential changes in the future climate of the area under the IPCC A2 emissions scenario. ECHAM5 shows a small increase in the synoptic states associated with anticyclonic …
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Essays in Empirical Asset Pricing
… a focus on cross-sectional anomalies, factor model evaluation, and information infrastructure in shaping cross-sectional returns and institutional investor demand. In the first chapter, co-authored with colleagues, I show that merger announcement returns account for virtually all of the …
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