Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 22 for “"mixed-effects modelling"”.
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Population pharmacokinetics: model-free approach and nonlinear mixed-effects modelling
… range of variability in the data. The non-linear mixed effect modelling is used to confirm the results of the model-free investigation. Model-free approach is successfully applied to several drugs. Non-linear Mixed Effects population models developed for the same data agree with its results. …
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Population/ Nonlinear mixed-effects modelling of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tuberculosis treatment
… in RAFA study) were described using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling. Concentration-time data for rifampicin (TB-HAART study) was used to develop a semimechanistic pharmacokinetic model incorporating autoinduction and saturable pharmacokinetics. A model describing the pharmacokinetics of …
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Nonlinear mixed-effects modelling of drug-drug interactions between antiretroviral therapy and tuberculosis treatment
… In this thesis, we utilized non-linear mixed effects modelling and data from studies in PWH and healthy volunteers to characterize DDIs between first- and second-line antiretroviral (ARV) and anti-TB drugs. Additionally, we performed simulations to assess treatment target attainment …
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Characterizing population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships in pulmonary tuberculosis infected adults using nonlinear mixed effects modelling
… at first dose and steady-state using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling, and individual exposures were summarised as area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-24) and peak concentration. Autoinduction of rifampicin metabolism was characterized with a semi-mechanistic enzyme turn-over model. …
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The determination and validation of population pharmacokinetic parameters of phenytoin in adult epileptic patients in the Western Cape using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling
… The data were analyzed using NONMEM (nonlinear mixed-effects modelling), a computer programme designed for population pharmacokinetic analysis that allows pooling of data from many individuals. The Michaelis-Menten and the parallel Michaelis-Menten and first-order elimination models were fitted …
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The relationship between various risk factors and the cost of equity premium implied by analysts' forecasts on the New York Stock Exchange
… for the second part of the methodology, in which mixed effects modelling and optimisation using the Akaike information criterion was used to find a parsimonious model linking the statistically most significant factors to the implied cost of equity. The final model could explain 40% of the …
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Chronic kidney disease : comparing trends in primary and secondary care
… done via simple linear and multiple regression modelling. Longitudinal trends were described using linear mixed effects modelling and chi-squared tests were used to compare differences in all-cause mortality and end-stage renal disease rates. Results The overall trend was an improvement in renal …
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Examining the Associations Between Puberty and Social Reorientation at the Neural Level
… of pubertal development (early or late). Linear mixed-effects modelling revealed that adolescents rated their parents’ happy expressions as significantly more positive compared to their friends’ happy expressions. A multivariate, whole-brain analysis found a significant main effect of puberty in …
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Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modelling to improve tuberculosis treatment
… In this thesis, we employed nonlinear mixed-effects modelling to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of first-line tuberculosis drugs isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol in pregnancy. We assessed the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pretomanid, clofazimine, and linezolid in …
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Globalisation versus internal development: the reverse short front vowel shift in South African English
… testing via R was performed, including linear mixed-effects modelling, random forest analyses, conditional inference trees, Euclidean Distance measures, Welch's Two Sample t-tests and Pillai Scores. The analysis finds evidence of the reversal of the South African Chain Shift in the speech of …
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Dementia Subtypes, Cognitive Decline and Survival Among Older Adults Attending a Memory Clinic in Cape Town, South Africa: A Retrospective Study
… year. Changes in MMSE scores were derived using mixed effects modelling to curvilinear models of cognitive change, with time as the dependent variable. Multivariable cox survival analysis was used to determine factors at baseline that predicted mortality. Results: Of the 165 patients who met …
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Pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenetics and optimisation of treatment with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in HIV-infected African children
… CHAPAS-3 (aged 0.3-1.5 years) using non-linear mixed effects modelling and identified predictors of treatment outcome and PK thresholds most predictive of increased risk of nonsuppression using Cox proportional hazards regression models and likelihood profiling. Efavirenz PK was described by …
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A scoping review on the use of telerehabilitation in physiotherapy in low and middle income countries
… anti-TB drugs and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Modelling and simulation was performed using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling in the software NONMEM®. Results: A two-compartment disposition model with transit absorption best fitted the pharmacokinetic data. Allometry using fat-free mass and …
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The influence of individual differences on reading in readers of consistent compared to inconsistent orthographies
… differences were taken into account, and how effects of individual differences may vary between languages. The comparison necessitated a number of preparatory tasks to facilitate cross-language comparison. This included the computation of spelling-sound consistencies for both languages, the …
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Exploring metabolomics through NMR: from early life to aging
… metabolites and time-structured remodelling in urinary profiles, supporting cross-layer triangulation while underscoring limitations typical of neonatal omics (small cohorts and high interindividual variability). Chapter 4 focuses on a longitudinal neonatal urinary metabolomics …
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Population pharmacokinetic modelling to address the gaps in knowledge of commonly used HIV and TB drugs in children
… across different studies using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling. The models developed were used to estimate area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and maximum concentrations (Cmax) achieved with the currently-recommended weight-adjusted doses. A web-based paediatric dosing tool, …
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Multivariate Analysis of Dietary Data in the Presence of Excess Zeros and Measurement Error
… of contemporary statistical methods, based on mixed-distributions and mixed-effects modelling approaches, for the analysis of a single and multiple correlated habitually and occasionally-consumed food intakes. These methods are complex due to the need to evaluate intractable integrals for …
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Population pharmacokinetic modelling for dose optimization of esomeprazole to treat early-onset preeclampsia
… pregnant patients was performed using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling with allometric scaling on clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (Vd). Metabolite to parent area under the time-concentration curve (AUCsulf/AUCeso and AUChyd/AUCeso) ratios were compared between pregnant and non-pregnant …
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Pharmacogenomics and pharmacokinetics of dolutegravir and tenofovir in Southern Africans living with HIV
… for dolutegravir and tenofovir using non-linear mixed-effects modelling. Genome-wide genotyping followed by imputation was performed. Linear regression models examined associations between genetic polymorphisms and unexplained variability in dolutegravir area under the concentration-time curve …
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Optimising linezolid use for drug-resistant tuberculosis: pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and resistance
… described using non-compartmental analysis and mixed effects modelling was used to analyse toxicity outcomes. For the resistance aims, we did a separate retrospective cohort study of patients with RR-TB and linezolid-based treatment failure at two TB referral hospitals in South Africa. Clinical …
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