Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 31 for “"mitochondrial ROS"”.
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Targeting Mitochondrial ROS Production in Kidney Transplantation
… Recently, a specific mechanism of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, thought to initiate many of the downstream pathways resulting in IRI, has been described. This mechanism has identified a number of new therapeutic targets within mitochondria, including the …
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Increased Mitochondrial Calpain-1 Is an Important Mechanism Contributing to Mitochondrial ROS Generation in Cardiac Diseases
Both calpain activation and excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases. We investigated whether and how calpain regulates mtROS generation in mediating cardiac diseases. In mouse models of streptozotocin-induced type-1 …
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Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Fingolimod (FTY720) Regulate ICl,swell In HL-1 Cardiac Myocytes via Intracellular Binding And Mitochondrial ROS Production
… volume-sensitive Cl- current (ICl,swell) by ROS-dependent signaling. S1P and its analog, FTY720 (fingolimod), primarily act via G-protein coupled receptors (S1PR; S1PR1-3 in heart), but several intracellular S1P ligands are known. We investigated how these agents regulate ICl,swell. ICl,swell …
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How cellular ATP/ADP ratios and reactive oxygen species affect AMPK signalling
… ATP, vital to complex life. Historically, mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was considered to be an unregulated process, produced by dysfunctional mitochondria. More recently, mitochondrial ROS generated by complex I, particularly by the process of reverse electron …
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Mitochondrial Involvement in Pancreatic Beta Cell Glucolipotoxicity
… conclusively. In this thesis by exploring mitochondrial energy metabolism in INS-1E insulinoma cells and isolated pancreatic islets, a role of mitochondria in pancreatic β-cell glucolipotoxicity is uncovered. It is reported that prolonged palmitate exposure at high glucose attenuates …
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Mitochondrial respiratory defects induces claudin 1 expression via ROS-mediated HSF1 activation
… we found that SNU human hepatoma cells with mitochondrial dysfunction have high level of Cln-1 expression. In those HCC cells, Cln-1 played a key role in regulating invasiveness. Cln-1 expression was also observed in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. In this study, we aimed to elucidate …
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REEP5-MFN1/2 tethering in ER-mitochondria crosstalk
… lipid biosynthesis, calcium transfer, and mitochondrial dynamics, via specific protein complexes. Dysregulation of MERCs has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Mitofusin 2 (MFN2), proposed to reside on the ER, is hypothesized to form heterotypic …
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Study of biological phenomena implicated in neuromuscular ageing
… nerve and muscle. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked to pathological denervation in multiple neurodegenerative diseases, but whether and how ROS causes denervation is unclear. Our main hypothesis was that ROS recapitulates the signalling pathways of developmental denervation to cause …
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The role of lactate in CD4+ T cell differentiation and function
… to upregulate cytokine production. Differential ROS regulation upon D- or L-lactate treatment was the source of the observed phenotypical differences. D-lactate reduced mitochondrial ROS levels by increasing the activity of the glyoxalase’s pathway. Conversely, L-lactate metabolization increased …
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NLRP3 in Renal Injury and Inflammation
… chronically damage renal tissue resulting in fibrosis and kidney failure. The Nlrp3 inflammasome has been implicated in the innate immune response to cellular injury and represents a potentially important pathway in the pathogenesis of CKD. The central hypothesis of this thesis is that NLRP3 …
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Defect of Mitochondrial Translation Machinery Enhances Hepatoma Cell Invasiveness
… rate 5 4. Estimation of intracellular and mitochondrial ROS level 5 5. Total genomic DNA isolation and sequencing of mitochondrial DNA fragments 5 6. Western blot analysis 6 7. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) 7 8. Gene expression profiling and data analysis …
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Reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial metabolism in acute myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury: measurement and modulation
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to play a central role in the pathology of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), where their production is driven by the metabolism of the citric acid cyclic intermediate succinate that accumulates during ischaemia. This is a major driver of damage upon …
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ROLE OF ENDOTHELIN-1 IN THE REGULATION OF THE SWELLING-ACTIVATED Cl- CURRENT IN ATRIAL MYOCYTES
… (AngII) signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidase (NOX) are involved in the activation of ICl, swell by both beta1-integrin stretch and osmotic swelling. Because endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potential downstream mediator of AngII and ETA receptor blockade abrogates …
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The Role of Mitochondrial Alternative Oxidase in Plant-pathogen Interactions
… (AOX) is a non-energy conserving branch of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) which has been hypothesized to modulate the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in plant mitochondria. The aim of the research presented herein is to provide direct …
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Disruption of mitochondrial redox homeostasis as a cellular signal.
… also a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are by-products of aerobic respiration and recently recognised as important signalling molecules that control various cellular functions. To avoid the potential damaging effects of ROS, mitochondria contain protein antioxidant systems to …
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Investigating the Anti-Melanoma Activity of Combinatorial Paclitaxel and MEK Inhibitor
… than normal cells. These effects accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and increased mitochondrial ROS production indicating that mitochondria are the key source of PTX-SEL-induced-ROS production. In addition, our findings show that antioxidants antagonise the drug combination-induced melanoma …
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Antioxidants in Normal and Epileptic Brain: Effect on Synaptic Plasticity, Neural Network Physiology, and Memory
… elevated amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which plays key roles in functional and structural plasticity. Thus, this doctoral dissertation will investigate the role of antioxidants in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, neural network physiology, and memory in normal and epileptic brains. …
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Mitochondrial Metabolism in Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury
… been identified as a new therapeutic target. The mitochondrial metabolite succinate accumulates during ischaemia, before being rapidly oxidised by SDH upon reperfusion, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), and leading to oxidative damage and cell death. The aim of this thesis was to determine …
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Critical role of ROS in capsaicin-induced hyperalgesia
… studies indicate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critically involved in persistent pain primarily through spinal mechanisms, thus suggesting ROS involvement in central sensitization. To investigate ROS involvement in central sensitization, the effects of ROS scavengers and donors on pain …
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Particulates Initiate Immune Response Via Inducing Oxidative Stress-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
… oxidative stress, resulting in the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accumulation of ROS can then induce calcium influx via the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) ion channel, which results in the drastic increase of intracellular calcium concentration. The …
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