Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 29 for “"microglia and astrocytes"”.
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MODELING PRO-INFLAMMATORY CROSSTALK BETWEEN MICROGLIA AND ASTROCYTES DURING HIV INFECTION
HIV-Associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a spectrum of cognitive deficits observed in 50% of people living with HIV (PWH). HAND is associated with viral transcription in the central nervous system (CNS) and neuroinflammation, though the mechanisms that drive this pathology remain poorly …
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Unique gene expression profiles of microglia and astrocytes following innate immune activation
Both astrocytes and microglia are often activated in association with diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), including virus-induced neurological disease. Understanding how activation alters the transcriptome of these cells may offer valuable insight in regards to how activated cells mediate …
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The Glial Response to Focused Ultrasound-mediated Permeabilization of the Blood-brain Barrier: Evaluating the Potential Contribution of Microglia and Astrocytes to Pathology and Regeneration
… FUS-mediated BBB modulation is known to activate microglia and astrocytes, which can exacerbate pathology or promote neuroprotection. I hypothesized that FUS induced a transient activation of microglia and astrocyte that is consistent with pro-regenerative functions. Firstly, I developed a method, …
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Establishing in vitro models of neuroinflammation to investigate neuroimmune responses in neurocysticercosis
… this disease remain grossly understudied, and how innate immune cells respond to this infection is still debated. One of the reasons for this is that there is a lack of reliable experimental models of inflammation at the level of the brain that allow for cell-type specific tracking of …
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Studies on the production of IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, IL-10, and ROS in the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
… excessive brain inflammation cause both acute and chronic neurodegeneration. Our previous study demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of IL-10 in LPS-injected rat cerebral cortex, which was mediated by inhibition of NADPH oxidase activation and pro-inflammatory mediators expression. Here, we …
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Applications of Focused Ultrasound for Reducing Amyloid-β in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease
… increase blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and locally deliver therapeutic agents to the brain. To date, applications of FUS for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have not been explored. Here, I propose that FUS can facilitate a rapid reduction in amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) pathology in a …
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Modulation of Brain Inflammation Induced by Interaction between Astrocytes, Neutrophils and Monocytes
… vi I. Introduction 1 A. Brain inflammation 1 B. Microglia and astrocytes as main regulators of brain inflammation 1 1. Microglia 1 2. Astrocytes 3 C. Leukocytes: immune cells to infiltrate the injured brain 3 D. Regulation of brain inflammation 5 1. Stimulators of microglia 5 2. Proinflammatory …
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Investigating gene expression differences in acute and organotypic mouse hippocampal brain slices as models for studying the brain
… neural circuit function, but their molecular and cellular composition relative to acute brain slices remains poorly characterized. Here, using single-nucleus RNA sequencing, I performed a comprehensive comparison of gene expression between OBSCs and acute brain slices prepared from postnatal …
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Studies on the Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs)-induced Inflammatory Events in the Brain Immune Cells
… pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). PAMPs are presented by microorganisms, whereas DAMPs include endogenous intracellular molecules released by activated or necrotic cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules that are upregulated …
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Seeing Inside a Concussion: The Role of Microglia in Maintaining the Blood-Brain Barrier in Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
… has recently come into focus in the public eye and among scientists as there is recognition that repeated injury can lead to chronic brain damage and neurologic impairment. There are currently no treatments or therapies available for concussion. The cellular events occurring in the brain …
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Investigating peripheral inflammation induced neuroinflammation in the absence of blood-brain barrier breakdown in relation to Alzheimer’s disease
… in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis, with microglia and astrocytes contributing to both inflammatory signalling and neurodegeneration. Peripheral inflammation is increasingly implicated as a potential driver of cognitive decline and accelerated pathology, yet the mechanisms by which …
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HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: Role of Viral Reservoirs and Lipid Dysregulation
HIV infection has become a chronic and manageable disease due to the effective use of combined anti-retroviral therapies (cART). However, several chronic aging-related comorbidities, including HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), persist in the HIV-infected population; but the mechanisms …
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The Expression and Cellular Localization of Cc-Chemokine Receptor 5 (Ccr5) After Traumatic Brain Injury
… brain injury results from a primary insult and secondary events that together result in tissue injury. This primary injury occurs at the moment of impact and damage can include scalp laceration, skull fraction, cerebral contusions and lacerations as well as intracranial hemorrhage. Following …
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The Expression and Cellular Localization of Cc-Chemokine Receptor 5 (Ccr5) After Traumatic Brain Injury
… brain injury results from a primary insult and secondary events that together result in tissue injury. This primary injury occurs at the moment of impact and damage can include scalp laceration, skull fraction, cerebral contusions and lacerations as well as intracranial hemorrhage. Following …
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Neuroinflammation and comorbid depression: a role for interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
… is a common component of numerous diseases and considerable evidence has linked components of inflammation with neuropsychiatric disorders. Major depression shares etiologies with inflammatory disease and some postulate that depression is an inflammatory disease. Inflammatory factors such as …
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Investigating the role of neuroinflammation in a mouse model of L-Dopa induced dyskinesia and exploring the anti-dyskinetic potential of a cannabinoid receptor agonist
… phenotype present in a mouse model of PD and LID. Second, we aimed to determine whether anti-inflammatory treatments are anti-dyskinetic, or if a known anti-dyskinetic treatment (amantadine) is capable of reducing neuroinflammation. To achieve these aims we utilized the 6-hydroxydopamine …
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Pathobiology of neuroinflammation and basal ganglia circuitry in Parkinson’s Disease
… most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide and the most common movement disorder. A defining pathologic feature of PD is the progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in a basal ganglia nucleus termed the substantia nigra (SN). Another hallmark feature of PD pathology is the presence of Lewy …
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Pericyte-Endothelial Cell Interactions during Blood Vessel Formation and in Diabetic Scenarios
… composing the vascular basement membrane (vBM) and endothelial cell (EC) tight junction disruption are also key features of this disease and contribute to its pathogenesis. PC loss is believed to be a central cue for disease initiation. However, studies inducing PC loss and observing acute …
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Neurological Consequences of Viral Encephalitis: Behavioral Deficits, Neuronal Restructuring, and Therapeutic Interventions
… a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases and viral neuropathologies, involves the progressive loss of neuronal structure and function, often leading to memory dysfunction, motor impairments, and chronic inflammation. We study the cognitive effects of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus …
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Neuroglial Mechanisms Involved In The Anti-Inflammatory Effect Of Acetate Supplementation
… supplementation increases brain acetyl-CoA and attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in vivo. To explain the anti-inflammatory effect of acetate treatment, we proposed that acetate treatment disrupts inflammatory signaling in microglia and astrocytes, and induces …
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