Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"membrane insertion"”.
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pH-Triggered Membrane Insertion of Proteins
Several classes of membrane proteins refold from their original soluble conformations in response to acidification and insert into lipid bilayers. Despite the recent advances in unraveling the molecular mechanisms of pH-triggered insertion of membrane proteins, many aspects of this process remain …
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Computational investigation of protein translocation and membrane insertion
… allows nascent proteins to cross a cellular membrane or integrate into it, typically in concert with a bound partner (e.g ., the ribosome). The crystal structure of an archaeal translocon, the SecY complex, revealed a channel tightly closed by two elements: a small ""plug"" domain blocking …
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A synthetic lipid scramblase built from DNA
… have been developed to interact with biological membranes and serve as artificial counterparts of natural ion channels, or membrane bending, scaffolding, or fusion proteins. In this thesis, we design a synthetic DNA-built enzyme that facilitates rapid lipid mixing between the two leaflets of a …
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Thermodynamic Evidence That Ganglioside-Mediated Insertion Of Botulinum A Into The Cholinergic Nerve Ending May Precede Endocytosis And Acidification: A Langmuir Film Study
… (LB) Trough were adapted to be artificial membrane models for toxin insertion studies. We conclude that LB monolayer studies are a promising candidate for BoNT/A membrane insertion investigation. Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A insertions into the LB monolayers in the presence of BoNT/A low …
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Cytochrome P450 2J2 mediated metabolism of omega-6 and omega-3 endocannabinoids
Cytochrome P450 2J2 (CYP2J2) is membrane bound enzyme that is highly expressed in the cardiovascular system and brain where it mediates the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids into oxygenated bioactive metabolites. This enzyme is most well-known for the conversion of arachidonic acid into …
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ENGINEERING WATER-SOLUBLE VARIANTS OF THE SINGLE-SUBUNIT OLIGOSACCHARYLTRANSFERASE
… challenges. Bacterial OSTs are multi-pass transmembrane protein that requires intricate balance between protein synthesis rate and a pace of membrane insertion. Further, membrane protein purification often necessitates the use of ultracentrifugation and detergent, both of which limit process …
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DNA-Based Mimics of Membrane Proteins Lipid-DNA Interactions Determine Function
… synthetic constructs mimicking function of membrane proteins. These natural molecular machines function embedded in the lipid bilayer. Similar membrane attachment of DNA-based structures is achieved by modifying the nucleic acid with hydrophobic anchors, most commonly cholesterol. Aiming at …
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Differential Interactions of Lipopolysaccharides with Lipid Bilayers: Applications for Pathogen Detection
… in general. LPS is associated with the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and is a primary virulence biomarker of several pathogens. Direct detection of amphiphilic LPS in the aqueous matrices of the host/sample requires an appreciation of the complex biochemistry of the molecule, and …
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Regulation of Protein Degradation at the Endoplasmic Reticulum
… removing damaged or misfolded proteins at the ER membrane, and is central to the physiological regulation of proteins such as HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR), the rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. Under sterol rich conditions, HMGCR is rapidly degraded through ERAD, however, when sterols …
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Structural basis of membrane targeting and regulation of the innate immunity adaptor TIRAP by its phosphoinositide-binding motif
… motif (PBM) that mediates the membrane recruitment of TIRAP. Upon ligand activation, TLRs are recruited to the phosphoinositide (PIP)-enriched region in the membrane, where TIRAP recruits other adaptors to the membrane to activate TLR signaling pathway. To investigate the …
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Components of the Membrane Attack Complex (Mac) of Human Complement: Functional Studies of Their Macpf Domains
… assembly of C5b, C6, C7, C8, and C9 to form the membrane attack complex (MAC). C6, C7, C8α, C8β, and C9 make up the “MAC family” of proteins. MAC family proteins have homologous N and C terminal modules and a central MACPF domain named for sequence similarity between the MAC family of proteins …
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Activity-dependent mitochondrial signaling drives GLR-1 dynamics and behavioral sensitization in C. elegans
… redox signaling results in elevated local GLR-1 membrane insertion through increased transcription. Chapter 4 examines the role of CaMKII in ROS signaling using redox resistant rescues in CaMKII mutant backgrounds. Using a catalase mutant to increase ROS, we expose a difference in regulation in …
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Uncovering the biogenesis pathways for human mitochondrial alpha-helical outer membrane proteins using genome-wide approaches
Mitochondria are critical double-membraned organelles that act as biosynthetic and bioenergetic cellular factories, with the outer membrane providing an interface with the rest of the cell. In humans, the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) contains ~110 different proteins which are encoded in the …
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Post-translational Insertion of a Small Tail-Anchored Protein into the Membrane of the Endoplasmic Reticulum
Proteins destined for membrane insertion can be targeted to and inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) either during synthesis (cotranslationally) or after their synthesis is completed (post-translationally). While the cotranslational pathway is well characterized, much less is known about a …
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CHIC2 and STUB1 regulate interferon-γ receptor cell surface expression
… surface protein regulation, I performed ‘plasma membrane profiling’, an unbiased, quantitative proteomic approach to compare the cell surface protein abundance in wildtype vs CHIC2 knockout cells. CHIC2 deficiency increased cell surface expression of 61 proteins in THP-1 cells, 43% of which were …
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Using molecular dynamics to probe protein conformational transition mechanisms at the membrane surface
… the cell and the environment, the cellular membrane is a vibrant and dynamic ecosystem. Membrane proteins constitute an integral piece of this ecosystem, allowing for communication between the cell and its environment that is necessary for adaptation and robustness of the cell. Often, …
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Quantitative methods to regulate angiogenesis: applications to cancer and cardiovascular disease
… We have recently examined heterogeneity in VEGFR membrane localization in endothelial cells. We and others processed the heterogeneous data through ensemble averaging and integrated the data into computational models of anti-angiogenic drug effects in breast cancer. Here we show that additional …
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Mechanisms of multipass membrane protein biogenesis
… reagents to improve efficiency. Semi-permeable membranes facilitate autonomy via an outer barrier (plasma membrane) and enclose functional hubs (organelles) to efficiently carry out biological processes. However, cells do not live in isolation and must communicate with neighboring cells, uptake …
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Untersuchungen zur Funktion des Tim44/mtHsp70-Komplexes bei der Membraninsertion und Oligomerisierung mitochondrialer Proteine
… vermittelt, die in den mitochondrialen Membranen identifiziert wurden. In der Innenmembran kommt dabei dem porenbildenden Protein Tim23 eine zentrale Rolle zu. Es ist über das Adaptorprotein Tim44 mit dem Hitzeschockprotein mtHsp70 der mitochondrialen Matrix verbunden, das als …