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Showing 1 to 12 of 12 for “"membrane elements"”.
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Advancing hydrophobic desalination membranes using initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) v/
Hydrophobic membranes are the central component of membrane distillation (MD) desalination systems. Optimizing their design is crucial for efficient desalination. There are many requirements on MD membranes. These include high liquid entry pressure (LEP) and high permeability to water vapor. There …
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Managing the restoration of membranes in reverse osmosis desalination using a digital twin
… the primary cause of the degradation of the RO membrane elements, amplified by seasonal algal blooms. This research developed a decision support system (DSS) for evaluating membrane restoration strategy. The engine of the DSS is a digital twin (DT), a virtual representation of wear (degradation) …
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Development of Membrane, Plate and Flat Shell Elements in Java
The development of triangular and quadrilateral membrane, plate and shell elements in Java using the object oriented programming technique is presented. The membrane elements developed are the constant strain triangle (CST) element and the four node isoparametric quadrilateral membrane element. The …
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Remediation of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances by pilot-scale applications of advanced water treatment technologies
… on rejection of PFASs by spiral-wound NF and RO membrane elements was evaluated. Membrane operating conditions did not have a significant impact on rejection of PFASs in a laboratory electrolyte matrix and was >98% by NF and >99% by RO. Rejection of the same PFASs present in a groundwater matrix …
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Fatigue behaviour of CFRP-repaired corroded RC beams
… bars. The concrete was modelled using 2D membrane elements and the steel with 1D bar elements. A new 1D interface element was developed to connect the repair material to the parent concrete with cyclic fatigue included in the material model. The models were tested against FRP bond-shear …
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Two-Direction Cracking Shear-Friction Membrane Model for Finite Elment Analysis of Reinforced concrete
There are a multitude of existing material models for the finite element analysis of cracked reinforced concrete that provide reduced shear stiffness but do not limit shear strength. In addition typical models are not based on the actual physical behavior of shear transfer across cracks by shear …
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Effects of transmembrane hydraulic pressure on the performance of forward osmosis membranes, The
Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging membrane separation process that continues to be tested and implemented in various industrial water and wastewater treatment applications. Breakthroughs in research and manufacturing have produced better performing membranes with improved structural integrity and …
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Design of advanced reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes for water purification
… reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes are based on the thin film composite (TFC) aromatic polyamide membranes. However, they have several disadvantages including low resistance to fouling, low chemical and thermal stabilities and limited chlorine tolerance. To address these …
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Modeling reflective cracking development in hot-mix asphalt overlays and quantification of control techniques
… netting interlayer system was modeled with beam elements for steel wires and membrane elements for slurry seal. To quantify the status of reflective cracking development, a representative fractured area (RFAOL), that is an equivalent stiffness degradation in the entire HMA overlay, was used. A …
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Electrical current generation by wild type and mutant Shewanella strains
… carriers between an electrode and its outer membrane cytochromes. The extracellular electron transfer capabilities of S. oneidensis mutant strains containing deleted or transposon-interrupted copies of genes known to be involved in extracellular electron transfer were also studied and …
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A Softened Membrane Model for UHPC (SMM-UHPC)
… in this thesis by utilizing the Softened Membrane Model (SMM). Since the SMM is a two-dimensional shear modeling framework developed for normal concrete, a parametric investigation was performed to assess its suitability for UHPC, namely SMM-UHPC. Through this assessment, a softening …
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Nonlinear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete structures subjected to blast loading
… The steel reinforcement is modelled by bar or membrane elements embedded within the basic 8-node isoparametric concrete element. Perfect bond is assumed between steel and surrounding concrete. The integrals, which define the element matrices and vectors are obtained numerically by use of …