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Showing 1 to 20 of 40 for “"membrane curvature"”.
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Understanding Membrane Curvature Sensing
Eukaryotic cells are characterised by membranes with varied and dynamic compositions and shapes. Consequently, membrane-binding proteins are tuned to recognise and modify these membrane states to perform their functions. To study the curvature sensitivity of proteins, I have developed a …
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Development of a Biosensor for Investigating Membrane Curvature Sorting
<p>The physical structure of cellular membranes plays a critical role in lipid and protein sorting. A novel biosensor was developed to probe the influence of curvature on sorting. This biosensor mimics large, two-dimensional membranes in dynamic equilibrium, achieves high spatial resolution between …
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Leveraging membrane curvature to create phase-responsive lipid systems
Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2025-12-01
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Lipid and Protein Sorting by, and Generation of, Membrane Curvature in Model Systems
… of liquid-liquid phase separation in lipid membranes to the formation and stability of “lipid rafts” in cellular plasma membranes has prompted extensive investigation of the physical chemistry underlying these phenomena. Furthermore, the concept of lipid rafts – 10-200 nm regions of cellular …
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Beyond membrane curvature: Clade 6 reticulons and their role within the plant endoplasmic reticulum
… (RTN) proteins responsible for generating high curvature membranes, Lunapark (LNP) proteins mediating cisternae formation, and ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 3 (RHD3/Atlastin/Sey1p) which is required for 3-way junction formation. The differential expression of these proteins induces changes in ER …
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Understanding the membrane biophysics of alpha-Synuclein and its role in membrane curvature induction and structural remodeling
… alpha-helical structure upon binding the membrane. aSyn is the major proteinaceous component of insoluble fibrillar Lewy bodies, a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). The precise roles of both native and pathological forms of aSyn remain unclear. However, the interaction of aSyn with …
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Identifying the Relevance of C-Reactive Protein Conformers and the Advancement of a Membrane Curvature Binding Assay
<p>Lipid membranes play a vital role in cell signaling processes. Membrane shape and lipid content affect interactions between cellular membranes and proteins. This research focuses on characterizing those interactions and their impact by using various biochemical and biophysical assays. These …
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Charge and membrane curvature induced transitions in biomolecular systems: from actin bundles to cell-penetrating peptides to Bcl-2 cell death regulation in the mitochondria
Item reinstated by Sarah Shreeves (sshreeve@illinois.edu) on 2014-02-01T11:00:26Z Item was in collections: Graduate Theses and Dissertations at Illinois (ID: 204) Dissertations and Theses - Physics (ID: 445) No. of bitstreams: 2 Lai_GheeHwee.pdf: 9845710 bytes, checksum: …
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Structural transitions in self-assembled lipid systems driven by induced curvature: from cell-penetrating peptides to programmable vesicles
… peptides capable of traversing the plasma membranes of eukaryotic cells. While successful intracellular delivery of many biologically active macromolecules has been accomplished using these peptides, their mechanisms of cell entry are still under investigation. Ionic interactions between …
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Structural Transitions in Self-Assembled Lipid Systems Driven by Induced Curvature: From Cell -Penetrating Peptides to Programmable Vesicles
… Antp and oligoarginine, with model cell membranes, and find that the transduction activity correlates with induction of negative Gaussian curvature. The negative Gaussian membrane curvature is broadly enabling and its induction can lower the free energy barriers for a range of different …
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Identifying the Role of Phospholipase D1 and Phosphatidic Acid in Exocytosis
… This process involves significant changes in membrane curvature, and lipids and curvature-sensing proteins can assist these processes. One protein in particular, phospholipase D1 (PLD1), and its product, the lipid phosphatidic acid (PA), are involved in multiple exocytic processes. However, …
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Deterministic design of peptide-membrane interactions
… of the physical integrity of cell plasma membranes leading to depolarization, leakage, and eventual cell death. This thesis provides a detailed molecular model how AMPs destabilize membranes specifically, based upon their fundamental structural motif: they are amphipathic and cationic. …
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Linking Architecture and Function of Endoplasmic Reticulum - Plasma Membrane Contact Sites
… of eukaryotic cells form an intricate network of membrane contact sites (MCS) and thereby promote cellular functions such as lipid metabolism, signalling and organelle biogenesis. The formation of cortical endoplasmic reticulum (cER) - plasma membrane (PM) contacts in budding yeast cells is …
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Structure and dynamics of influenza M2 proton channels from solid-state NMR
… the endosomes of infected host cells and induces membrane curvature to facilitate virus budding. M2's proton channel activity is encapsulated by a transmembrane domain (TM) that is targeted by the FDA-approved antiviral drugs amantadine and rimantadine to inhibit viral replication. Proton …
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Spatial correlation of lipid phase fluctuations in model membranes studied with two-photon fluorescence microscopy
… and the spatial organization of model lipid membranes was studied using Two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy. Lipid membranes of different composition were reconstituted in Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUVs) and labeled with the environment sensitive dye LAURDAN whose spectral …
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Mechanisms of Adenovirus Membrane Permeabilization
… to occur, a virus must first penetrate host cell membranes to access intracellular sites of viral replication. Currently the mechanism through which adenovirus, a non-enveloped, dsDNA virus, disrupts the endosomal membrane during cell entry is not well characterized.</p><p>Recent studies suggest …
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Investigations into membrane protrusions mediated by IRSp53 IMD
… it is related to BAR domains, which can induce membrane curvature by binding to membranes. It is still unsure whether IMD activity is dependent on actin or membrane interactions, or both. Data are presented here showing that actin destabilizing drug cytochalasin D prevents extension of IMD …
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Structural Insights into Mycobacteriales Galactan Biosynthesis
… We characterize both the acceptor-bound and membrane-embedded structures of NbrGlfT2 and propose three models for its catalysis: Processive Galactan Sliding, Feedback-Regulated Sequence Control, and Membrane Curvature-Mediated Polymerization. Furthermore, we structurally characterize a …
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Computational investigations of cellular functions: Three cases on membrane morphogenesis, organization and assembly of a multi-protein complex, and the molecular origin of muscle elasticity
… are discussed: the morphology of the biological membrane, assembly of a multi-protein complex, and the molecular origin of elasticity in muscle protein. In the photosynthetic purple bacterium Rhodobacter (Rba.) sphaeroides, light is absorbed by membrane-bound light-harvesting proteins LH1 and …
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Arabidopsis thaliana P4-type ATPases ALA4 and ALA5 are Necessary for Normal Cellular Elongation in Developing Vegetative Tissues and Rescue the Pollen Tube Deficiencies in Knockout ala6/7 Mutants
… to incorporate specific lipids into cellular membranes, as well as flip lipids from one leaflet to another to create an asymmetric distribution of lipid head groups as well as membrane curvature. In Arabidopsis thaliana, there are twelve members referred to as Aminophospholipid ATPases (ALAs). …
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